"Stopped-flow Linear Sweep Voltammetry At The Reticulated Vitreous Carbon Electrode In A Flow Injection System. Determination Of Dopamine In The Presence Of Ascorbic Acid"
Anal. Chim. Acta 1984 Volume 161, Issue 1 Pages 325-331

Notice (8): Undefined variable: uid [APP/View/Elements/citation.ctp, line 40]
Code Context
                ?>
                <?php
                if($uid!='') {
$viewFile = '/home/stuchalk/public_html/fad/app/View/Elements/citation.ctp'
$dataForView = array(
	'data' => array(
		'Technique' => array(
			'id' => '0527',
			'label' => 'Voltammetry',
			'level1' => 'Voltammetry',
			'level2' => 'linear sweep',
			'level3' => '',
			'level4' => '',
			'level5' => '',
			'synonyms' => '',
			'champ' => '',
			'total' => '7',
			'updated' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'name' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep',
			'nametotal' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep**7',
			'first' => 'V'
		),
		'Citation' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 1 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 2 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 3 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 4 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 5 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 6 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'c' => array(
		'id' => '004619',
		'authors' => 'Tougas, T.P.;Curran, D.J.',
		'authorsweb' => 'T. P. Tougas and D. J. Curran',
		'title' => 'Stopped-flow linear sweep voltammetry at the reticulated vitreous carbon electrode in a flow injection system. Determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid',
		'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
		'journal_id' => '0584',
		'fadid' => 'ANCA1984V0161P00325',
		'year' => '1984',
		'volume' => '161',
		'issue' => '1',
		'startpage' => '325',
		'endpage' => '331',
		'type' => 'Journal Article',
		'analytes' => ';0856;',
		'matrices' => '',
		'techniques' => ';0226;0527;',
		'keywords' => ';0446;',
		'abstract' => 'The procedure described depends on the irreversibility of the oxidation of ascorbic acid and the quasi-reversible electrochemical behavior of dopamine in acid media. Linear-sweep voltammetry under stopped-flow conditions is used for the determination; a flow injection system is employed to introduce the sample solution into a flow-through coulometric detector equipped with a porous reticulated vitreous-carbon working electrode. Products of the initial electrolysis of the analyte are trapped in the electrode by stopping the flow, and the regeneration of dopamine provides the analytical signal. Calibration graphs for dopamine are rectilinear over the range 0.86 to 34.5 &micro;M, and the detection limit is 0.5 &micro;M.',
		'language' => 'English',
		'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
		'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
		'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
		'hits' => '4',
		'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:46:14',
		'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
		'pauthor_id' => '00746',
		'pauthor' => '!Curran, D.J.',
		'address' => 'pau',
		'email' => 'pau',
		'notes' => null,
		'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85802-X',
		'urltype' => 'doi',
		'gotpdf' => 'yes',
		'partial' => 'no',
		'notanalyte' => '',
		'citation' => ''Stopped-flow linear sweep voltammetry at the reticulated vitreous carbon electrode in a flow injection system. Determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1984 161(1) 325-331',
		'firstchar' => 'S',
		'twochars' => 'St',
		'CitationsTechnique' => array(
			'id' => '000921',
			'citation_id' => '004619',
			'technique_id' => '0527'
		),
		'Analyte' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		'Matrix' => array(),
		'Keyword' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'i' => (int) 0
)
$data = array(
	'Technique' => array(
		'id' => '0527',
		'label' => 'Voltammetry',
		'level1' => 'Voltammetry',
		'level2' => 'linear sweep',
		'level3' => '',
		'level4' => '',
		'level5' => '',
		'synonyms' => '',
		'champ' => '',
		'total' => '7',
		'updated' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
		'name' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep',
		'nametotal' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep**7',
		'first' => 'V'
	),
	'Citation' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '004619',
			'authors' => 'Tougas, T.P.;Curran, D.J.',
			'authorsweb' => 'T. P. Tougas and D. J. Curran',
			'title' => 'Stopped-flow linear sweep voltammetry at the reticulated vitreous carbon electrode in a flow injection system. Determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1984V0161P00325',
			'year' => '1984',
			'volume' => '161',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '325',
			'endpage' => '331',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0856;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0226;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0446;',
			'abstract' => 'The procedure described depends on the irreversibility of the oxidation of ascorbic acid and the quasi-reversible electrochemical behavior of dopamine in acid media. Linear-sweep voltammetry under stopped-flow conditions is used for the determination; a flow injection system is employed to introduce the sample solution into a flow-through coulometric detector equipped with a porous reticulated vitreous-carbon working electrode. Products of the initial electrolysis of the analyte are trapped in the electrode by stopping the flow, and the regeneration of dopamine provides the analytical signal. Calibration graphs for dopamine are rectilinear over the range 0.86 to 34.5 &micro;M, and the detection limit is 0.5 &micro;M.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '4',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:46:14',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00746',
			'pauthor' => '!Curran, D.J.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85802-X',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Stopped-flow linear sweep voltammetry at the reticulated vitreous carbon electrode in a flow injection system. Determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1984 161(1) 325-331',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'St',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '005020',
			'authors' => 'Newton, M.P.;Van Den Berg, C.M.G.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. P. Newton and C. M. G. Van Den Berg',
			'title' => 'Determination of nickel, cobalt, copper and uranium in water by cathodic stripping chronopotentiometry with continuous-flow',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1987V0199P00059',
			'year' => '1987',
			'volume' => '199',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '59',
			'endpage' => '76',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1575;0672;0684;2461;',
			'matrices' => ';0379;0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0401;0171;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;',
			'abstract' => 'An automated analyzer. with fast data acquisition (250 kHz) is described. Adsorptive collection of surface-active metal complexes on a hanging-mercury-drop electrode is followed by cathodic scans in which a constant current of 0.8 to 60 &micro;A is passed through the working electrode. Copper, U and Ni can be determined in the presence of dissolved O but the sensitivity for Ni is then much reduced, and Co cannot be determined as its peak is superimposed on the O peak. The sensitivity of stripping chronopotentiometry in the presence of dissolved O is similar to that of fast linear-sweep voltammetry in the absence of dissolved O. Detection limits in deaerated seawater are 0.1, 0.1, 1.8 and 1.6 nM for Ni, Co, Cu and U, respectively, using 60-s stirred adsorption and could be lowered further by prolonged collection (300 s). The technique was successfully applied in measuring Ni with continuous-flow in estuarine water.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:52:43',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Department of Oceanography, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX Great Britain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)82797-X',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of nickel, cobalt, copper and uranium in water by cathodic stripping chronopotentiometry with continuous-flow', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1987 199(1) 59-76',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '006407',
			'authors' => 'Zou, X.Y.;Mo, J.Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoyong Zou and Jinyuan Mo*',
			'title' => 'Spline wavelet analysis for voltammetric signals',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1997V0340P00115',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '340',
			'issue' => '1-3',
			'startpage' => '115',
			'endpage' => '121',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => '',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0117;0412;0410;',
			'abstract' => 'Application of wavelet multifrequency channel decomposition (WMCD) in electroanalytical chemistry is presented in this paper. A new approach on this digital processing technique, to extract useful information from high noise signals in voltammetry, is described in detail. The method of constructing a model of B-spline WMCD and its application with 2nd, 3rd and 4th order B-spline in the linear scan voltammetry are thoroughly discussed and several results obtained. If the suitable optimal wavelet basis and frequency scale value are selected, the absolute values of the peak relative errors are less than 2% when the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is greater than 0.2, and the absolute values of the peak potential relative errors are less than 12% when S/N is greater than 0.3. The processed results of experimental data with high noise are also satisfactory. The whole computation is simple and needs shorter time than other signal processing methods. 20 References',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '1',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 16:22:36',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Mo, J.Y.',
			'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, Zhongshan (Sun Yatsen) University, Guangzhou 510275, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(96)00458-8',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Spline wavelet analysis for voltammetric signals', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1997 340(1-3) 115-121',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Sp',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '007389',
			'authors' => 'Fogg, A.G.;Fernandez Arciniega, M.A.;Alonso, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Arnold G. Fogg, Miguel A. Fern&aacute;ndez-Arciniega and Rosa M. Alonso',
			'title' => 'Flow injection amperometric determination of nitroprusside at a glassy carbon electrode and at a sessile mercury drop electrode',
			'journal' => 'Analyst',
			'journal_id' => '0864',
			'fadid' => 'ANAL1985V0110P00345',
			'year' => '1985',
			'volume' => '110',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '345',
			'endpage' => '348',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1612;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0001;0046;0226;0170;0519;0527;',
			'keywords' => '',
			'abstract' => 'Two methods are described. In the first, 75 &micro;L of sodium nitroprusside(I) solution in 0.5 M NaOH was injected into a 0.5 M NaOH eluent (6.5 mL min-1). Detection was by oxidation of I at a vitreous-carbon electrode, at +0.57 V vs. the SCE in a three-electrode system. Linear-sweep and cyclic voltammograms were obtained at a sweep rate of 10 mV s-1. Signal response was rectilinear with respect to I concentration. of 1 &micro;M to 5 mM. The coefficient of variation (n = 10) at 50 &micro;M and 0.5 mM were 1.8 and 1.5%, respectively. The second method involved reduction of I at a sessile-mercury-drop electrode in pH 8 Britton - Robinson buffer. After deoxygenation by N and addition of Na2SO3.7H2O, solution of I in the buffer were injected. A potential of -1.25 V vs. the SCE was chosen. Response was rectilinear in the range 0.02 to 0.2 mM, with coefficient of variation (n = 10) of 2%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:00:50',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00149',
			'pauthor' => '!Fogg, A.G.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/an9851000345',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Flow injection amperometric determination of nitroprusside at a glassy carbon electrode and at a sessile mercury drop electrode', Analyst, 1985 110(4) 345-348',
			'firstchar' => 'F',
			'twochars' => 'Fl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array([maximum depth reached])
		),
		(int) 4 => array(
			'id' => '007481',
			'authors' => 'Tay, B.T.;Ang, K.P.;Gunasingham, H.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Boon-Tat Tay, Kok-Peng Ang and Haritharan Gunasingham',
			'title' => 'Platinum-dispersed Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of hydrogen peroxide in a flow injection system',
			'journal' => 'Analyst',
			'journal_id' => '0864',
			'fadid' => 'ANAL1988V0113P00617',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '113',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '617',
			'endpage' => '620',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1196;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0233;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0043;',
			'abstract' => 'The cited electrode was prepared by electro-deposition of Pt particles into Nafion-coated vitreous carbon, by potential cycling between +0.7 and -0.15 V in acidic K2PtCl6 solution at a scan rate of 50 mV s-1. Compared with Pt, vitreous carbon and Pt-modified vitreous carbon electrodes, the Nafion - vitreous carbon system displayed increased stability. Linear-sweep voltammograms of 10 mM H2O2 in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at the various electrodes were obtained; at Pt loading levels 150 &micro;g cm-2 the Pt - Nafion - vitreous carbon electrode showed a higher response than the Pt electrode. An application of the cited electrode to the flow injection analysis - electrochemical detection of H2O2 is described. Generally the rectilinear working range was from 1 &micro;M to ~50 mM H2O2.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '3',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:03:15',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00984',
			'pauthor' => '!Gunasingham, H.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/an9881300617',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Platinum-dispersed Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of hydrogen peroxide in a flow injection system', Analyst, 1988 113(4) 617-620',
			'firstchar' => 'P',
			'twochars' => 'Pl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '009784',
			'authors' => 'Zhang, S.;Sun, W.l.;Zhang, W.;Jin, L.t.;Yamamoto, K.;Tao, S.;Jin, J.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Song Zhang; Wen-liang Sun; Wen Zhang; Katsunobu Yamamoto; Shuguang Tao; Jiye Jin',
			'title' => 'Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin at silver electrode modified by lipoic acid monolayer',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Lett.',
			'journal_id' => '0820',
			'fadid' => 'ANLE1998V0031P02159',
			'year' => '1998',
			'volume' => '31',
			'issue' => '13',
			'startpage' => '2159',
			'endpage' => '2171',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1146;',
			'matrices' => 'NA',
			'techniques' => ';0527;0210;0080;',
			'keywords' => ';0043;0110;',
			'abstract' => 'The direct electrochemistry of Hb was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and flow injection analysis (FIA) on a silver electrode modified by a self-assembled monolayer of lipoic acid (LA). Lipoic acid molecules can strongly absorb onto the Ag electrode surface through the cleavage of the S-H bond and the formation of the Ag-S bond. The observed adsorption coverage of LA demonstrates that the LA molecules spontaneously form a self-assembled monolayer. Experimental data show that LA can promote the redox process of Hb at the modified electrode surface. This chemical modified electrode (CME) exhibits good stability in the CV and FIA. Linear sweep voltammetric measurement of Hb at the CME reveals a linear relationship between the oxidative peak current and the concentration of Hb in the range of 5.0 x 10^-7 - 1.5 x 10^-5 mol/L. The relative standard derivation (RSD) for six replicate measurements of 5.0 x 10^-6 mol/L Hb in FIA is 2.8%. The detection limit is 2.0 x 10^-7 mol/L. The reaction mechanism involves the hydrogen bond/salt bridge formation between the carboxylate of LA and the protonated lysine residues of Hb that can enhance the electron transfer reaction. It can be used to detect Hb in real examples.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2007-04-02 21:28:13',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:53:45',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1080/00032719808005293',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin at silver electrode modified by lipoic acid monolayer', Anal. Lett., 1998 31(13) 2159-2171',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'Di',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '014682',
			'authors' => 'Feng, L.;Che, G.;Dong, S.;Zhang, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Feng Lianyu, Che Guangli, Dong Shaojun, Zhang Yonghua',
			'title' => 'Glucose micro-enzyme sensor based on cobalt porphyrin-modifed microdisk array carbon fibre electrode',
			'journal' => 'Yingyong Huaxue',
			'journal_id' => '0913',
			'fadid' => 'YYHX1991V0008P00086',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '3',
			'startpage' => '86',
			'endpage' => '88',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1057;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0001;0069;0177;0527;0426;',
			'keywords' => ';0067;0205;',
			'abstract' => 'A Co tetraphenylporphyrin-modified microdisk array C-fiber electrode was prepared which showed catalytic activity for O reduction through linear voltammetry. A glucose (I) micro-enzyme electrode was fabricated based on the modified microelectrode and immobilized glucose oxidase. The response of the sensor was linear up to 13 mM I when used for amperometric detection in flow injection analysis; the detection limit was 2.4 mM and the response time was 40 s.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 18:27:53',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Changchun 130022 China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'yyhx.ciac.jl.cn/CN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=13453',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Glucose micro-enzyme sensor based on cobalt porphyrin-modifed microdisk array carbon fibre electrode', Yingyong Huaxue, 1991 8(3) 86-88',
			'firstchar' => 'G',
			'twochars' => 'Gl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	)
)
$c = array(
	'id' => '004619',
	'authors' => 'Tougas, T.P.;Curran, D.J.',
	'authorsweb' => 'T. P. Tougas and D. J. Curran',
	'title' => 'Stopped-flow linear sweep voltammetry at the reticulated vitreous carbon electrode in a flow injection system. Determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid',
	'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
	'journal_id' => '0584',
	'fadid' => 'ANCA1984V0161P00325',
	'year' => '1984',
	'volume' => '161',
	'issue' => '1',
	'startpage' => '325',
	'endpage' => '331',
	'type' => 'Journal Article',
	'analytes' => ';0856;',
	'matrices' => '',
	'techniques' => ';0226;0527;',
	'keywords' => ';0446;',
	'abstract' => 'The procedure described depends on the irreversibility of the oxidation of ascorbic acid and the quasi-reversible electrochemical behavior of dopamine in acid media. Linear-sweep voltammetry under stopped-flow conditions is used for the determination; a flow injection system is employed to introduce the sample solution into a flow-through coulometric detector equipped with a porous reticulated vitreous-carbon working electrode. Products of the initial electrolysis of the analyte are trapped in the electrode by stopping the flow, and the regeneration of dopamine provides the analytical signal. Calibration graphs for dopamine are rectilinear over the range 0.86 to 34.5 &micro;M, and the detection limit is 0.5 &micro;M.',
	'language' => 'English',
	'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
	'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
	'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
	'hits' => '4',
	'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:46:14',
	'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
	'pauthor_id' => '00746',
	'pauthor' => '!Curran, D.J.',
	'address' => 'pau',
	'email' => 'pau',
	'notes' => null,
	'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85802-X',
	'urltype' => 'doi',
	'gotpdf' => 'yes',
	'partial' => 'no',
	'notanalyte' => '',
	'citation' => ''Stopped-flow linear sweep voltammetry at the reticulated vitreous carbon electrode in a flow injection system. Determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1984 161(1) 325-331',
	'firstchar' => 'S',
	'twochars' => 'St',
	'CitationsTechnique' => array(
		'id' => '000921',
		'citation_id' => '004619',
		'technique_id' => '0527'
	),
	'Analyte' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '00856',
			'name' => 'Dopamine',
			'iupac_name' => '4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol',
			'casrn' => '51-61-6',
			'synonyms' => '2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethylamine; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenethylamine; 3-Hydroxytyramine; DA; dopamine; Dopamine hydrobromide; Intropin; ',
			'total' => '55',
			'inchi' => 'InChI=1S/C8H11NO2/c9-4-3-6-1-2-7(10)8(11)5-6/h1-2,5,10-11H,3-4,9H2',
			'inchikey' => 'VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N',
			'formula' => 'C8H11NO2',
			'oxstate' => 'Zero',
			'url' => '',
			'charge' => '0',
			'class1' => 'Biological',
			'class2' => 'NA',
			'class3' => 'NA',
			'class4' => 'Molecule',
			'class5' => 'Drugs',
			'isgroup' => '',
			'checked' => 'yes',
			'citation_count' => '0',
			'updated' => '2015-12-11 16:18:02',
			'first' => 'D',
			'nametotal' => 'Dopamine**55',
			'AnalytesCitation' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'Matrix' => array(),
	'Keyword' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '0446',
			'type' => 'Manifold process',
			'keyword' => 'Stopped-flow',
			'newKeyword' => '',
			'synonyms' => '',
			'fao' => '',
			'total' => '409',
			'first' => 'S',
			'keytotal' => 'Stopped-flow**409',
			'CitationsKeyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	)
)
$i = (int) 0
$path = ''
$a = ''
$url = 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85802-X'
$aus = 'T. P. Tougas and D. J. Curran'
include - APP/View/Elements/citation.ctp, line 40
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 971
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 933
View::_renderElement() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 1224
View::element() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 418
include - APP/View/Techniques/view.ctp, line 52
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 971
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 933
View::render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 473
Controller::render() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 968
Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 200
Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 167
[main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 109

"Determination Of Nickel, Cobalt, Copper And Uranium In Water By Cathodic Stripping Chronopotentiometry With Continuous-flow"
Anal. Chim. Acta 1987 Volume 199, Issue 1 Pages 59-76

Notice (8): Undefined variable: uid [APP/View/Elements/citation.ctp, line 40]
Code Context
                ?>
                <?php
                if($uid!='') {
$viewFile = '/home/stuchalk/public_html/fad/app/View/Elements/citation.ctp'
$dataForView = array(
	'data' => array(
		'Technique' => array(
			'id' => '0527',
			'label' => 'Voltammetry',
			'level1' => 'Voltammetry',
			'level2' => 'linear sweep',
			'level3' => '',
			'level4' => '',
			'level5' => '',
			'synonyms' => '',
			'champ' => '',
			'total' => '7',
			'updated' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'name' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep',
			'nametotal' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep**7',
			'first' => 'V'
		),
		'Citation' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 1 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 2 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 3 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 4 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 5 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 6 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'c' => array(
		'id' => '005020',
		'authors' => 'Newton, M.P.;Van Den Berg, C.M.G.',
		'authorsweb' => 'M. P. Newton and C. M. G. Van Den Berg',
		'title' => 'Determination of nickel, cobalt, copper and uranium in water by cathodic stripping chronopotentiometry with continuous-flow',
		'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
		'journal_id' => '0584',
		'fadid' => 'ANCA1987V0199P00059',
		'year' => '1987',
		'volume' => '199',
		'issue' => '1',
		'startpage' => '59',
		'endpage' => '76',
		'type' => 'Journal Article',
		'analytes' => ';1575;0672;0684;2461;',
		'matrices' => ';0379;0397;',
		'techniques' => ';0401;0171;0527;',
		'keywords' => ';0217;',
		'abstract' => 'An automated analyzer. with fast data acquisition (250 kHz) is described. Adsorptive collection of surface-active metal complexes on a hanging-mercury-drop electrode is followed by cathodic scans in which a constant current of 0.8 to 60 &micro;A is passed through the working electrode. Copper, U and Ni can be determined in the presence of dissolved O but the sensitivity for Ni is then much reduced, and Co cannot be determined as its peak is superimposed on the O peak. The sensitivity of stripping chronopotentiometry in the presence of dissolved O is similar to that of fast linear-sweep voltammetry in the absence of dissolved O. Detection limits in deaerated seawater are 0.1, 0.1, 1.8 and 1.6 nM for Ni, Co, Cu and U, respectively, using 60-s stirred adsorption and could be lowered further by prolonged collection (300 s). The technique was successfully applied in measuring Ni with continuous-flow in estuarine water.',
		'language' => 'English',
		'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
		'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
		'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
		'hits' => '6',
		'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:52:43',
		'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
		'pauthor_id' => null,
		'pauthor' => 'NA',
		'address' => 'Department of Oceanography, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX Great Britain',
		'email' => 'NA',
		'notes' => null,
		'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)82797-X',
		'urltype' => 'doi',
		'gotpdf' => 'yes',
		'partial' => 'no',
		'notanalyte' => '',
		'citation' => ''Determination of nickel, cobalt, copper and uranium in water by cathodic stripping chronopotentiometry with continuous-flow', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1987 199(1) 59-76',
		'firstchar' => 'D',
		'twochars' => 'De',
		'CitationsTechnique' => array(
			'id' => '001342',
			'citation_id' => '005020',
			'technique_id' => '0527'
		),
		'Analyte' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 1 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 2 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 3 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		'Matrix' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 1 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		'Keyword' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'i' => (int) 1
)
$data = array(
	'Technique' => array(
		'id' => '0527',
		'label' => 'Voltammetry',
		'level1' => 'Voltammetry',
		'level2' => 'linear sweep',
		'level3' => '',
		'level4' => '',
		'level5' => '',
		'synonyms' => '',
		'champ' => '',
		'total' => '7',
		'updated' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
		'name' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep',
		'nametotal' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep**7',
		'first' => 'V'
	),
	'Citation' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '004619',
			'authors' => 'Tougas, T.P.;Curran, D.J.',
			'authorsweb' => 'T. P. Tougas and D. J. Curran',
			'title' => 'Stopped-flow linear sweep voltammetry at the reticulated vitreous carbon electrode in a flow injection system. Determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1984V0161P00325',
			'year' => '1984',
			'volume' => '161',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '325',
			'endpage' => '331',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0856;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0226;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0446;',
			'abstract' => 'The procedure described depends on the irreversibility of the oxidation of ascorbic acid and the quasi-reversible electrochemical behavior of dopamine in acid media. Linear-sweep voltammetry under stopped-flow conditions is used for the determination; a flow injection system is employed to introduce the sample solution into a flow-through coulometric detector equipped with a porous reticulated vitreous-carbon working electrode. Products of the initial electrolysis of the analyte are trapped in the electrode by stopping the flow, and the regeneration of dopamine provides the analytical signal. Calibration graphs for dopamine are rectilinear over the range 0.86 to 34.5 &micro;M, and the detection limit is 0.5 &micro;M.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '4',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:46:14',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00746',
			'pauthor' => '!Curran, D.J.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85802-X',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Stopped-flow linear sweep voltammetry at the reticulated vitreous carbon electrode in a flow injection system. Determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1984 161(1) 325-331',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'St',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '005020',
			'authors' => 'Newton, M.P.;Van Den Berg, C.M.G.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. P. Newton and C. M. G. Van Den Berg',
			'title' => 'Determination of nickel, cobalt, copper and uranium in water by cathodic stripping chronopotentiometry with continuous-flow',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1987V0199P00059',
			'year' => '1987',
			'volume' => '199',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '59',
			'endpage' => '76',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1575;0672;0684;2461;',
			'matrices' => ';0379;0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0401;0171;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;',
			'abstract' => 'An automated analyzer. with fast data acquisition (250 kHz) is described. Adsorptive collection of surface-active metal complexes on a hanging-mercury-drop electrode is followed by cathodic scans in which a constant current of 0.8 to 60 &micro;A is passed through the working electrode. Copper, U and Ni can be determined in the presence of dissolved O but the sensitivity for Ni is then much reduced, and Co cannot be determined as its peak is superimposed on the O peak. The sensitivity of stripping chronopotentiometry in the presence of dissolved O is similar to that of fast linear-sweep voltammetry in the absence of dissolved O. Detection limits in deaerated seawater are 0.1, 0.1, 1.8 and 1.6 nM for Ni, Co, Cu and U, respectively, using 60-s stirred adsorption and could be lowered further by prolonged collection (300 s). The technique was successfully applied in measuring Ni with continuous-flow in estuarine water.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:52:43',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Department of Oceanography, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX Great Britain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)82797-X',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of nickel, cobalt, copper and uranium in water by cathodic stripping chronopotentiometry with continuous-flow', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1987 199(1) 59-76',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '006407',
			'authors' => 'Zou, X.Y.;Mo, J.Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoyong Zou and Jinyuan Mo*',
			'title' => 'Spline wavelet analysis for voltammetric signals',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1997V0340P00115',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '340',
			'issue' => '1-3',
			'startpage' => '115',
			'endpage' => '121',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => '',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0117;0412;0410;',
			'abstract' => 'Application of wavelet multifrequency channel decomposition (WMCD) in electroanalytical chemistry is presented in this paper. A new approach on this digital processing technique, to extract useful information from high noise signals in voltammetry, is described in detail. The method of constructing a model of B-spline WMCD and its application with 2nd, 3rd and 4th order B-spline in the linear scan voltammetry are thoroughly discussed and several results obtained. If the suitable optimal wavelet basis and frequency scale value are selected, the absolute values of the peak relative errors are less than 2% when the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is greater than 0.2, and the absolute values of the peak potential relative errors are less than 12% when S/N is greater than 0.3. The processed results of experimental data with high noise are also satisfactory. The whole computation is simple and needs shorter time than other signal processing methods. 20 References',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '1',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 16:22:36',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Mo, J.Y.',
			'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, Zhongshan (Sun Yatsen) University, Guangzhou 510275, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(96)00458-8',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Spline wavelet analysis for voltammetric signals', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1997 340(1-3) 115-121',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Sp',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '007389',
			'authors' => 'Fogg, A.G.;Fernandez Arciniega, M.A.;Alonso, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Arnold G. Fogg, Miguel A. Fern&aacute;ndez-Arciniega and Rosa M. Alonso',
			'title' => 'Flow injection amperometric determination of nitroprusside at a glassy carbon electrode and at a sessile mercury drop electrode',
			'journal' => 'Analyst',
			'journal_id' => '0864',
			'fadid' => 'ANAL1985V0110P00345',
			'year' => '1985',
			'volume' => '110',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '345',
			'endpage' => '348',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1612;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0001;0046;0226;0170;0519;0527;',
			'keywords' => '',
			'abstract' => 'Two methods are described. In the first, 75 &micro;L of sodium nitroprusside(I) solution in 0.5 M NaOH was injected into a 0.5 M NaOH eluent (6.5 mL min-1). Detection was by oxidation of I at a vitreous-carbon electrode, at +0.57 V vs. the SCE in a three-electrode system. Linear-sweep and cyclic voltammograms were obtained at a sweep rate of 10 mV s-1. Signal response was rectilinear with respect to I concentration. of 1 &micro;M to 5 mM. The coefficient of variation (n = 10) at 50 &micro;M and 0.5 mM were 1.8 and 1.5%, respectively. The second method involved reduction of I at a sessile-mercury-drop electrode in pH 8 Britton - Robinson buffer. After deoxygenation by N and addition of Na2SO3.7H2O, solution of I in the buffer were injected. A potential of -1.25 V vs. the SCE was chosen. Response was rectilinear in the range 0.02 to 0.2 mM, with coefficient of variation (n = 10) of 2%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:00:50',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00149',
			'pauthor' => '!Fogg, A.G.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/an9851000345',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Flow injection amperometric determination of nitroprusside at a glassy carbon electrode and at a sessile mercury drop electrode', Analyst, 1985 110(4) 345-348',
			'firstchar' => 'F',
			'twochars' => 'Fl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array([maximum depth reached])
		),
		(int) 4 => array(
			'id' => '007481',
			'authors' => 'Tay, B.T.;Ang, K.P.;Gunasingham, H.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Boon-Tat Tay, Kok-Peng Ang and Haritharan Gunasingham',
			'title' => 'Platinum-dispersed Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of hydrogen peroxide in a flow injection system',
			'journal' => 'Analyst',
			'journal_id' => '0864',
			'fadid' => 'ANAL1988V0113P00617',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '113',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '617',
			'endpage' => '620',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1196;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0233;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0043;',
			'abstract' => 'The cited electrode was prepared by electro-deposition of Pt particles into Nafion-coated vitreous carbon, by potential cycling between +0.7 and -0.15 V in acidic K2PtCl6 solution at a scan rate of 50 mV s-1. Compared with Pt, vitreous carbon and Pt-modified vitreous carbon electrodes, the Nafion - vitreous carbon system displayed increased stability. Linear-sweep voltammograms of 10 mM H2O2 in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at the various electrodes were obtained; at Pt loading levels 150 &micro;g cm-2 the Pt - Nafion - vitreous carbon electrode showed a higher response than the Pt electrode. An application of the cited electrode to the flow injection analysis - electrochemical detection of H2O2 is described. Generally the rectilinear working range was from 1 &micro;M to ~50 mM H2O2.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '3',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:03:15',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00984',
			'pauthor' => '!Gunasingham, H.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/an9881300617',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Platinum-dispersed Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of hydrogen peroxide in a flow injection system', Analyst, 1988 113(4) 617-620',
			'firstchar' => 'P',
			'twochars' => 'Pl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '009784',
			'authors' => 'Zhang, S.;Sun, W.l.;Zhang, W.;Jin, L.t.;Yamamoto, K.;Tao, S.;Jin, J.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Song Zhang; Wen-liang Sun; Wen Zhang; Katsunobu Yamamoto; Shuguang Tao; Jiye Jin',
			'title' => 'Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin at silver electrode modified by lipoic acid monolayer',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Lett.',
			'journal_id' => '0820',
			'fadid' => 'ANLE1998V0031P02159',
			'year' => '1998',
			'volume' => '31',
			'issue' => '13',
			'startpage' => '2159',
			'endpage' => '2171',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1146;',
			'matrices' => 'NA',
			'techniques' => ';0527;0210;0080;',
			'keywords' => ';0043;0110;',
			'abstract' => 'The direct electrochemistry of Hb was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and flow injection analysis (FIA) on a silver electrode modified by a self-assembled monolayer of lipoic acid (LA). Lipoic acid molecules can strongly absorb onto the Ag electrode surface through the cleavage of the S-H bond and the formation of the Ag-S bond. The observed adsorption coverage of LA demonstrates that the LA molecules spontaneously form a self-assembled monolayer. Experimental data show that LA can promote the redox process of Hb at the modified electrode surface. This chemical modified electrode (CME) exhibits good stability in the CV and FIA. Linear sweep voltammetric measurement of Hb at the CME reveals a linear relationship between the oxidative peak current and the concentration of Hb in the range of 5.0 x 10^-7 - 1.5 x 10^-5 mol/L. The relative standard derivation (RSD) for six replicate measurements of 5.0 x 10^-6 mol/L Hb in FIA is 2.8%. The detection limit is 2.0 x 10^-7 mol/L. The reaction mechanism involves the hydrogen bond/salt bridge formation between the carboxylate of LA and the protonated lysine residues of Hb that can enhance the electron transfer reaction. It can be used to detect Hb in real examples.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2007-04-02 21:28:13',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:53:45',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1080/00032719808005293',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin at silver electrode modified by lipoic acid monolayer', Anal. Lett., 1998 31(13) 2159-2171',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'Di',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '014682',
			'authors' => 'Feng, L.;Che, G.;Dong, S.;Zhang, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Feng Lianyu, Che Guangli, Dong Shaojun, Zhang Yonghua',
			'title' => 'Glucose micro-enzyme sensor based on cobalt porphyrin-modifed microdisk array carbon fibre electrode',
			'journal' => 'Yingyong Huaxue',
			'journal_id' => '0913',
			'fadid' => 'YYHX1991V0008P00086',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '3',
			'startpage' => '86',
			'endpage' => '88',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1057;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0001;0069;0177;0527;0426;',
			'keywords' => ';0067;0205;',
			'abstract' => 'A Co tetraphenylporphyrin-modified microdisk array C-fiber electrode was prepared which showed catalytic activity for O reduction through linear voltammetry. A glucose (I) micro-enzyme electrode was fabricated based on the modified microelectrode and immobilized glucose oxidase. The response of the sensor was linear up to 13 mM I when used for amperometric detection in flow injection analysis; the detection limit was 2.4 mM and the response time was 40 s.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 18:27:53',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Changchun 130022 China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'yyhx.ciac.jl.cn/CN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=13453',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Glucose micro-enzyme sensor based on cobalt porphyrin-modifed microdisk array carbon fibre electrode', Yingyong Huaxue, 1991 8(3) 86-88',
			'firstchar' => 'G',
			'twochars' => 'Gl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	)
)
$c = array(
	'id' => '005020',
	'authors' => 'Newton, M.P.;Van Den Berg, C.M.G.',
	'authorsweb' => 'M. P. Newton and C. M. G. Van Den Berg',
	'title' => 'Determination of nickel, cobalt, copper and uranium in water by cathodic stripping chronopotentiometry with continuous-flow',
	'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
	'journal_id' => '0584',
	'fadid' => 'ANCA1987V0199P00059',
	'year' => '1987',
	'volume' => '199',
	'issue' => '1',
	'startpage' => '59',
	'endpage' => '76',
	'type' => 'Journal Article',
	'analytes' => ';1575;0672;0684;2461;',
	'matrices' => ';0379;0397;',
	'techniques' => ';0401;0171;0527;',
	'keywords' => ';0217;',
	'abstract' => 'An automated analyzer. with fast data acquisition (250 kHz) is described. Adsorptive collection of surface-active metal complexes on a hanging-mercury-drop electrode is followed by cathodic scans in which a constant current of 0.8 to 60 &micro;A is passed through the working electrode. Copper, U and Ni can be determined in the presence of dissolved O but the sensitivity for Ni is then much reduced, and Co cannot be determined as its peak is superimposed on the O peak. The sensitivity of stripping chronopotentiometry in the presence of dissolved O is similar to that of fast linear-sweep voltammetry in the absence of dissolved O. Detection limits in deaerated seawater are 0.1, 0.1, 1.8 and 1.6 nM for Ni, Co, Cu and U, respectively, using 60-s stirred adsorption and could be lowered further by prolonged collection (300 s). The technique was successfully applied in measuring Ni with continuous-flow in estuarine water.',
	'language' => 'English',
	'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
	'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
	'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
	'hits' => '6',
	'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:52:43',
	'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
	'pauthor_id' => null,
	'pauthor' => 'NA',
	'address' => 'Department of Oceanography, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX Great Britain',
	'email' => 'NA',
	'notes' => null,
	'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)82797-X',
	'urltype' => 'doi',
	'gotpdf' => 'yes',
	'partial' => 'no',
	'notanalyte' => '',
	'citation' => ''Determination of nickel, cobalt, copper and uranium in water by cathodic stripping chronopotentiometry with continuous-flow', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1987 199(1) 59-76',
	'firstchar' => 'D',
	'twochars' => 'De',
	'CitationsTechnique' => array(
		'id' => '001342',
		'citation_id' => '005020',
		'technique_id' => '0527'
	),
	'Analyte' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '01575',
			'name' => 'Nickel',
			'iupac_name' => 'nickel',
			'casrn' => '7440-02-0',
			'synonyms' => 'C.I. 77775; ni 0901-s; NI 270; ni 4303-s; Nickel; nickel 270; Nickel, metallic ; Nickel Soluble Salts; NP 2; Raney Alloy; Raney nickel; RANEY NICKEL-ALUMINIUM CATALYST 50/50; rch 55/5',
			'total' => '137',
			'inchi' => 'InChI=1S/Ni',
			'inchikey' => 'PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N',
			'formula' => 'Ni',
			'oxstate' => '',
			'url' => '',
			'charge' => '0',
			'class1' => 'Element',
			'class2' => 'Metal',
			'class3' => 'Transition metal',
			'class4' => 'Atom',
			'class5' => '',
			'isgroup' => '',
			'checked' => 'yes',
			'citation_count' => '0',
			'updated' => '2015-10-23 21:32:31',
			'first' => 'N',
			'nametotal' => 'Nickel**137',
			'AnalytesCitation' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '00672',
			'name' => 'Cobalt',
			'iupac_name' => 'cobalt',
			'casrn' => '7440-48-4',
			'synonyms' => 'aquacat; C.I. 77320; Cobalt; Cobalt ; Cobalt-59; super cobalt',
			'total' => '150',
			'inchi' => 'InChI=1S/Co',
			'inchikey' => 'GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N',
			'formula' => 'Co',
			'oxstate' => '',
			'url' => '',
			'charge' => '0',
			'class1' => 'Element',
			'class2' => 'Metal',
			'class3' => 'Transition metal',
			'class4' => 'Atom',
			'class5' => '',
			'isgroup' => '',
			'checked' => 'yes',
			'citation_count' => '0',
			'updated' => '2015-10-23 09:55:37',
			'first' => 'C',
			'nametotal' => 'Cobalt**150',
			'AnalytesCitation' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '00684',
			'name' => 'Copper',
			'iupac_name' => 'copper',
			'casrn' => '7440-50-8',
			'synonyms' => 'ANAC 110; Arwood copper; CDA 102; CDA 122; C.I. 77400; Copper; Copper ; CuTEA; Cutrine-Plus; Komeen; Pigment metal 2; Raney Copper',
			'total' => '369',
			'inchi' => 'InChI=1S/Cu',
			'inchikey' => 'RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N',
			'formula' => 'Cu',
			'oxstate' => '',
			'url' => '',
			'charge' => '0',
			'class1' => 'Element',
			'class2' => 'Metal',
			'class3' => 'Transition metal',
			'class4' => 'NA',
			'class5' => '',
			'isgroup' => '',
			'checked' => 'yes',
			'citation_count' => '0',
			'updated' => '2015-10-23 09:55:44',
			'first' => 'C',
			'nametotal' => 'Copper**369',
			'AnalytesCitation' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '02461',
			'name' => 'Uranium',
			'iupac_name' => 'uranium',
			'casrn' => '7440-61-1',
			'synonyms' => ' U-238; Uranium; Uranium ; Uranium 238; ',
			'total' => '42',
			'inchi' => 'InChI=1S/U',
			'inchikey' => 'JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N',
			'formula' => 'U',
			'oxstate' => '',
			'url' => '',
			'charge' => '0',
			'class1' => 'Element',
			'class2' => 'NA',
			'class3' => 'NA',
			'class4' => 'Atom',
			'class5' => '',
			'isgroup' => '',
			'checked' => 'yes',
			'citation_count' => '0',
			'updated' => '2015-10-23 21:39:24',
			'first' => 'U',
			'nametotal' => 'Uranium**42',
			'AnalytesCitation' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'Matrix' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '0379',
			'label' => 'Estuarine ',
			'level1' => 'Environmental',
			'level2' => 'water',
			'level3' => 'estuarine',
			'level4' => '',
			'level5' => '',
			'synonyms' => '',
			'total' => '21',
			'url' => '',
			'updated' => '2015-12-08 19:41:10',
			'name' => 'Environmental, water, estuarine',
			'nametotal' => 'Environmental, water, estuarine**21',
			'first' => 'E',
			'CitationsMatrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '0397',
			'label' => 'Sea ',
			'level1' => 'Environmental',
			'level2' => 'water',
			'level3' => 'sea',
			'level4' => '',
			'level5' => '',
			'synonyms' => 'seawater,ocean water',
			'total' => '312',
			'url' => '',
			'updated' => '2015-12-08 19:41:10',
			'name' => 'Environmental, water, sea',
			'nametotal' => 'Environmental, water, sea**312',
			'first' => 'E',
			'CitationsMatrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'Keyword' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '0217',
			'type' => 'Chemical Process',
			'keyword' => 'Interferences',
			'newKeyword' => '',
			'synonyms' => '',
			'fao' => '',
			'total' => '1972',
			'first' => 'I',
			'keytotal' => 'Interferences**1972',
			'CitationsKeyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	)
)
$i = (int) 1
$path = ''
$a = ''
$url = 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(00)82797-X'
$aus = 'M. P. Newton and C. M. G. Van Den Berg'
include - APP/View/Elements/citation.ctp, line 40
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 971
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 933
View::_renderElement() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 1224
View::element() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 418
include - APP/View/Techniques/view.ctp, line 52
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 971
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 933
View::render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 473
Controller::render() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 968
Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 200
Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 167
[main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 109

"Spline Wavelet Analysis For Voltammetric Signals"
Anal. Chim. Acta 1997 Volume 340, Issue 1-3 Pages 115-121

Notice (8): Undefined variable: uid [APP/View/Elements/citation.ctp, line 40]
Code Context
                ?>
                <?php
                if($uid!='') {
$viewFile = '/home/stuchalk/public_html/fad/app/View/Elements/citation.ctp'
$dataForView = array(
	'data' => array(
		'Technique' => array(
			'id' => '0527',
			'label' => 'Voltammetry',
			'level1' => 'Voltammetry',
			'level2' => 'linear sweep',
			'level3' => '',
			'level4' => '',
			'level5' => '',
			'synonyms' => '',
			'champ' => '',
			'total' => '7',
			'updated' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'name' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep',
			'nametotal' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep**7',
			'first' => 'V'
		),
		'Citation' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 1 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 2 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 3 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 4 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 5 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 6 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'c' => array(
		'id' => '006407',
		'authors' => 'Zou, X.Y.;Mo, J.Y.',
		'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoyong Zou and Jinyuan Mo*',
		'title' => 'Spline wavelet analysis for voltammetric signals',
		'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
		'journal_id' => '0584',
		'fadid' => 'ANCA1997V0340P00115',
		'year' => '1997',
		'volume' => '340',
		'issue' => '1-3',
		'startpage' => '115',
		'endpage' => '121',
		'type' => 'Journal Article',
		'analytes' => '',
		'matrices' => '',
		'techniques' => ';0527;',
		'keywords' => ';0117;0412;0410;',
		'abstract' => 'Application of wavelet multifrequency channel decomposition (WMCD) in electroanalytical chemistry is presented in this paper. A new approach on this digital processing technique, to extract useful information from high noise signals in voltammetry, is described in detail. The method of constructing a model of B-spline WMCD and its application with 2nd, 3rd and 4th order B-spline in the linear scan voltammetry are thoroughly discussed and several results obtained. If the suitable optimal wavelet basis and frequency scale value are selected, the absolute values of the peak relative errors are less than 2% when the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is greater than 0.2, and the absolute values of the peak potential relative errors are less than 12% when S/N is greater than 0.3. The processed results of experimental data with high noise are also satisfactory. The whole computation is simple and needs shorter time than other signal processing methods. 20 References',
		'language' => 'English',
		'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
		'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
		'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
		'hits' => '1',
		'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 16:22:36',
		'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
		'pauthor_id' => null,
		'pauthor' => 'Mo, J.Y.',
		'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, Zhongshan (Sun Yatsen) University, Guangzhou 510275, China',
		'email' => 'NA',
		'notes' => null,
		'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(96)00458-8',
		'urltype' => 'doi',
		'gotpdf' => 'yes',
		'partial' => 'no',
		'notanalyte' => '',
		'citation' => ''Spline wavelet analysis for voltammetric signals', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1997 340(1-3) 115-121',
		'firstchar' => 'S',
		'twochars' => 'Sp',
		'CitationsTechnique' => array(
			'id' => '003173',
			'citation_id' => '006407',
			'technique_id' => '0527'
		),
		'Analyte' => array(),
		'Matrix' => array(),
		'Keyword' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 1 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 2 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'i' => (int) 2
)
$data = array(
	'Technique' => array(
		'id' => '0527',
		'label' => 'Voltammetry',
		'level1' => 'Voltammetry',
		'level2' => 'linear sweep',
		'level3' => '',
		'level4' => '',
		'level5' => '',
		'synonyms' => '',
		'champ' => '',
		'total' => '7',
		'updated' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
		'name' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep',
		'nametotal' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep**7',
		'first' => 'V'
	),
	'Citation' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '004619',
			'authors' => 'Tougas, T.P.;Curran, D.J.',
			'authorsweb' => 'T. P. Tougas and D. J. Curran',
			'title' => 'Stopped-flow linear sweep voltammetry at the reticulated vitreous carbon electrode in a flow injection system. Determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1984V0161P00325',
			'year' => '1984',
			'volume' => '161',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '325',
			'endpage' => '331',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0856;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0226;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0446;',
			'abstract' => 'The procedure described depends on the irreversibility of the oxidation of ascorbic acid and the quasi-reversible electrochemical behavior of dopamine in acid media. Linear-sweep voltammetry under stopped-flow conditions is used for the determination; a flow injection system is employed to introduce the sample solution into a flow-through coulometric detector equipped with a porous reticulated vitreous-carbon working electrode. Products of the initial electrolysis of the analyte are trapped in the electrode by stopping the flow, and the regeneration of dopamine provides the analytical signal. Calibration graphs for dopamine are rectilinear over the range 0.86 to 34.5 &micro;M, and the detection limit is 0.5 &micro;M.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '4',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:46:14',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00746',
			'pauthor' => '!Curran, D.J.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85802-X',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Stopped-flow linear sweep voltammetry at the reticulated vitreous carbon electrode in a flow injection system. Determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1984 161(1) 325-331',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'St',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '005020',
			'authors' => 'Newton, M.P.;Van Den Berg, C.M.G.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. P. Newton and C. M. G. Van Den Berg',
			'title' => 'Determination of nickel, cobalt, copper and uranium in water by cathodic stripping chronopotentiometry with continuous-flow',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1987V0199P00059',
			'year' => '1987',
			'volume' => '199',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '59',
			'endpage' => '76',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1575;0672;0684;2461;',
			'matrices' => ';0379;0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0401;0171;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;',
			'abstract' => 'An automated analyzer. with fast data acquisition (250 kHz) is described. Adsorptive collection of surface-active metal complexes on a hanging-mercury-drop electrode is followed by cathodic scans in which a constant current of 0.8 to 60 &micro;A is passed through the working electrode. Copper, U and Ni can be determined in the presence of dissolved O but the sensitivity for Ni is then much reduced, and Co cannot be determined as its peak is superimposed on the O peak. The sensitivity of stripping chronopotentiometry in the presence of dissolved O is similar to that of fast linear-sweep voltammetry in the absence of dissolved O. Detection limits in deaerated seawater are 0.1, 0.1, 1.8 and 1.6 nM for Ni, Co, Cu and U, respectively, using 60-s stirred adsorption and could be lowered further by prolonged collection (300 s). The technique was successfully applied in measuring Ni with continuous-flow in estuarine water.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:52:43',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Department of Oceanography, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX Great Britain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)82797-X',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of nickel, cobalt, copper and uranium in water by cathodic stripping chronopotentiometry with continuous-flow', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1987 199(1) 59-76',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '006407',
			'authors' => 'Zou, X.Y.;Mo, J.Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoyong Zou and Jinyuan Mo*',
			'title' => 'Spline wavelet analysis for voltammetric signals',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1997V0340P00115',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '340',
			'issue' => '1-3',
			'startpage' => '115',
			'endpage' => '121',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => '',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0117;0412;0410;',
			'abstract' => 'Application of wavelet multifrequency channel decomposition (WMCD) in electroanalytical chemistry is presented in this paper. A new approach on this digital processing technique, to extract useful information from high noise signals in voltammetry, is described in detail. The method of constructing a model of B-spline WMCD and its application with 2nd, 3rd and 4th order B-spline in the linear scan voltammetry are thoroughly discussed and several results obtained. If the suitable optimal wavelet basis and frequency scale value are selected, the absolute values of the peak relative errors are less than 2% when the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is greater than 0.2, and the absolute values of the peak potential relative errors are less than 12% when S/N is greater than 0.3. The processed results of experimental data with high noise are also satisfactory. The whole computation is simple and needs shorter time than other signal processing methods. 20 References',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '1',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 16:22:36',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Mo, J.Y.',
			'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, Zhongshan (Sun Yatsen) University, Guangzhou 510275, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(96)00458-8',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Spline wavelet analysis for voltammetric signals', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1997 340(1-3) 115-121',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Sp',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '007389',
			'authors' => 'Fogg, A.G.;Fernandez Arciniega, M.A.;Alonso, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Arnold G. Fogg, Miguel A. Fern&aacute;ndez-Arciniega and Rosa M. Alonso',
			'title' => 'Flow injection amperometric determination of nitroprusside at a glassy carbon electrode and at a sessile mercury drop electrode',
			'journal' => 'Analyst',
			'journal_id' => '0864',
			'fadid' => 'ANAL1985V0110P00345',
			'year' => '1985',
			'volume' => '110',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '345',
			'endpage' => '348',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1612;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0001;0046;0226;0170;0519;0527;',
			'keywords' => '',
			'abstract' => 'Two methods are described. In the first, 75 &micro;L of sodium nitroprusside(I) solution in 0.5 M NaOH was injected into a 0.5 M NaOH eluent (6.5 mL min-1). Detection was by oxidation of I at a vitreous-carbon electrode, at +0.57 V vs. the SCE in a three-electrode system. Linear-sweep and cyclic voltammograms were obtained at a sweep rate of 10 mV s-1. Signal response was rectilinear with respect to I concentration. of 1 &micro;M to 5 mM. The coefficient of variation (n = 10) at 50 &micro;M and 0.5 mM were 1.8 and 1.5%, respectively. The second method involved reduction of I at a sessile-mercury-drop electrode in pH 8 Britton - Robinson buffer. After deoxygenation by N and addition of Na2SO3.7H2O, solution of I in the buffer were injected. A potential of -1.25 V vs. the SCE was chosen. Response was rectilinear in the range 0.02 to 0.2 mM, with coefficient of variation (n = 10) of 2%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:00:50',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00149',
			'pauthor' => '!Fogg, A.G.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/an9851000345',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Flow injection amperometric determination of nitroprusside at a glassy carbon electrode and at a sessile mercury drop electrode', Analyst, 1985 110(4) 345-348',
			'firstchar' => 'F',
			'twochars' => 'Fl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array([maximum depth reached])
		),
		(int) 4 => array(
			'id' => '007481',
			'authors' => 'Tay, B.T.;Ang, K.P.;Gunasingham, H.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Boon-Tat Tay, Kok-Peng Ang and Haritharan Gunasingham',
			'title' => 'Platinum-dispersed Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of hydrogen peroxide in a flow injection system',
			'journal' => 'Analyst',
			'journal_id' => '0864',
			'fadid' => 'ANAL1988V0113P00617',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '113',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '617',
			'endpage' => '620',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1196;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0233;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0043;',
			'abstract' => 'The cited electrode was prepared by electro-deposition of Pt particles into Nafion-coated vitreous carbon, by potential cycling between +0.7 and -0.15 V in acidic K2PtCl6 solution at a scan rate of 50 mV s-1. Compared with Pt, vitreous carbon and Pt-modified vitreous carbon electrodes, the Nafion - vitreous carbon system displayed increased stability. Linear-sweep voltammograms of 10 mM H2O2 in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at the various electrodes were obtained; at Pt loading levels 150 &micro;g cm-2 the Pt - Nafion - vitreous carbon electrode showed a higher response than the Pt electrode. An application of the cited electrode to the flow injection analysis - electrochemical detection of H2O2 is described. Generally the rectilinear working range was from 1 &micro;M to ~50 mM H2O2.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '3',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:03:15',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00984',
			'pauthor' => '!Gunasingham, H.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/an9881300617',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Platinum-dispersed Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of hydrogen peroxide in a flow injection system', Analyst, 1988 113(4) 617-620',
			'firstchar' => 'P',
			'twochars' => 'Pl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '009784',
			'authors' => 'Zhang, S.;Sun, W.l.;Zhang, W.;Jin, L.t.;Yamamoto, K.;Tao, S.;Jin, J.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Song Zhang; Wen-liang Sun; Wen Zhang; Katsunobu Yamamoto; Shuguang Tao; Jiye Jin',
			'title' => 'Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin at silver electrode modified by lipoic acid monolayer',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Lett.',
			'journal_id' => '0820',
			'fadid' => 'ANLE1998V0031P02159',
			'year' => '1998',
			'volume' => '31',
			'issue' => '13',
			'startpage' => '2159',
			'endpage' => '2171',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1146;',
			'matrices' => 'NA',
			'techniques' => ';0527;0210;0080;',
			'keywords' => ';0043;0110;',
			'abstract' => 'The direct electrochemistry of Hb was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and flow injection analysis (FIA) on a silver electrode modified by a self-assembled monolayer of lipoic acid (LA). Lipoic acid molecules can strongly absorb onto the Ag electrode surface through the cleavage of the S-H bond and the formation of the Ag-S bond. The observed adsorption coverage of LA demonstrates that the LA molecules spontaneously form a self-assembled monolayer. Experimental data show that LA can promote the redox process of Hb at the modified electrode surface. This chemical modified electrode (CME) exhibits good stability in the CV and FIA. Linear sweep voltammetric measurement of Hb at the CME reveals a linear relationship between the oxidative peak current and the concentration of Hb in the range of 5.0 x 10^-7 - 1.5 x 10^-5 mol/L. The relative standard derivation (RSD) for six replicate measurements of 5.0 x 10^-6 mol/L Hb in FIA is 2.8%. The detection limit is 2.0 x 10^-7 mol/L. The reaction mechanism involves the hydrogen bond/salt bridge formation between the carboxylate of LA and the protonated lysine residues of Hb that can enhance the electron transfer reaction. It can be used to detect Hb in real examples.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2007-04-02 21:28:13',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:53:45',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1080/00032719808005293',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin at silver electrode modified by lipoic acid monolayer', Anal. Lett., 1998 31(13) 2159-2171',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'Di',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '014682',
			'authors' => 'Feng, L.;Che, G.;Dong, S.;Zhang, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Feng Lianyu, Che Guangli, Dong Shaojun, Zhang Yonghua',
			'title' => 'Glucose micro-enzyme sensor based on cobalt porphyrin-modifed microdisk array carbon fibre electrode',
			'journal' => 'Yingyong Huaxue',
			'journal_id' => '0913',
			'fadid' => 'YYHX1991V0008P00086',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '3',
			'startpage' => '86',
			'endpage' => '88',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1057;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0001;0069;0177;0527;0426;',
			'keywords' => ';0067;0205;',
			'abstract' => 'A Co tetraphenylporphyrin-modified microdisk array C-fiber electrode was prepared which showed catalytic activity for O reduction through linear voltammetry. A glucose (I) micro-enzyme electrode was fabricated based on the modified microelectrode and immobilized glucose oxidase. The response of the sensor was linear up to 13 mM I when used for amperometric detection in flow injection analysis; the detection limit was 2.4 mM and the response time was 40 s.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 18:27:53',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Changchun 130022 China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'yyhx.ciac.jl.cn/CN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=13453',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Glucose micro-enzyme sensor based on cobalt porphyrin-modifed microdisk array carbon fibre electrode', Yingyong Huaxue, 1991 8(3) 86-88',
			'firstchar' => 'G',
			'twochars' => 'Gl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	)
)
$c = array(
	'id' => '006407',
	'authors' => 'Zou, X.Y.;Mo, J.Y.',
	'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoyong Zou and Jinyuan Mo*',
	'title' => 'Spline wavelet analysis for voltammetric signals',
	'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
	'journal_id' => '0584',
	'fadid' => 'ANCA1997V0340P00115',
	'year' => '1997',
	'volume' => '340',
	'issue' => '1-3',
	'startpage' => '115',
	'endpage' => '121',
	'type' => 'Journal Article',
	'analytes' => '',
	'matrices' => '',
	'techniques' => ';0527;',
	'keywords' => ';0117;0412;0410;',
	'abstract' => 'Application of wavelet multifrequency channel decomposition (WMCD) in electroanalytical chemistry is presented in this paper. A new approach on this digital processing technique, to extract useful information from high noise signals in voltammetry, is described in detail. The method of constructing a model of B-spline WMCD and its application with 2nd, 3rd and 4th order B-spline in the linear scan voltammetry are thoroughly discussed and several results obtained. If the suitable optimal wavelet basis and frequency scale value are selected, the absolute values of the peak relative errors are less than 2% when the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is greater than 0.2, and the absolute values of the peak potential relative errors are less than 12% when S/N is greater than 0.3. The processed results of experimental data with high noise are also satisfactory. The whole computation is simple and needs shorter time than other signal processing methods. 20 References',
	'language' => 'English',
	'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
	'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
	'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
	'hits' => '1',
	'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 16:22:36',
	'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
	'pauthor_id' => null,
	'pauthor' => 'Mo, J.Y.',
	'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, Zhongshan (Sun Yatsen) University, Guangzhou 510275, China',
	'email' => 'NA',
	'notes' => null,
	'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(96)00458-8',
	'urltype' => 'doi',
	'gotpdf' => 'yes',
	'partial' => 'no',
	'notanalyte' => '',
	'citation' => ''Spline wavelet analysis for voltammetric signals', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1997 340(1-3) 115-121',
	'firstchar' => 'S',
	'twochars' => 'Sp',
	'CitationsTechnique' => array(
		'id' => '003173',
		'citation_id' => '006407',
		'technique_id' => '0527'
	),
	'Analyte' => array(),
	'Matrix' => array(),
	'Keyword' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '0117',
			'type' => 'Signal processing',
			'keyword' => 'Digital filter',
			'newKeyword' => '',
			'synonyms' => '',
			'fao' => '',
			'total' => '16',
			'first' => 'D',
			'keytotal' => 'Digital filter**16',
			'CitationsKeyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '0412',
			'type' => 'Signal processing',
			'keyword' => 'Signal to noise ratio',
			'newKeyword' => '',
			'synonyms' => '',
			'fao' => '',
			'total' => '22',
			'first' => 'S',
			'keytotal' => 'Signal to noise ratio**22',
			'CitationsKeyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '0410',
			'type' => 'Signal processing',
			'keyword' => 'Signal processing',
			'newKeyword' => '',
			'synonyms' => '',
			'fao' => '',
			'total' => '42',
			'first' => 'S',
			'keytotal' => 'Signal processing**42',
			'CitationsKeyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	)
)
$i = (int) 2
$path = ''
$a = ''
$url = 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(96)00458-8'
$aus = 'Xiaoyong Zou and Jinyuan Mo*'
include - APP/View/Elements/citation.ctp, line 40
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 971
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 933
View::_renderElement() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 1224
View::element() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 418
include - APP/View/Techniques/view.ctp, line 52
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 971
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 933
View::render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 473
Controller::render() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 968
Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 200
Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 167
[main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 109

"Flow Injection Amperometric Determination Of Nitroprusside At A Glassy Carbon Electrode And At A Sessile Mercury Drop Electrode"
Analyst 1985 Volume 110, Issue 4 Pages 345-348

Notice (8): Undefined variable: uid [APP/View/Elements/citation.ctp, line 40]
Code Context
                ?>
                <?php
                if($uid!='') {
$viewFile = '/home/stuchalk/public_html/fad/app/View/Elements/citation.ctp'
$dataForView = array(
	'data' => array(
		'Technique' => array(
			'id' => '0527',
			'label' => 'Voltammetry',
			'level1' => 'Voltammetry',
			'level2' => 'linear sweep',
			'level3' => '',
			'level4' => '',
			'level5' => '',
			'synonyms' => '',
			'champ' => '',
			'total' => '7',
			'updated' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'name' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep',
			'nametotal' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep**7',
			'first' => 'V'
		),
		'Citation' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 1 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 2 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 3 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 4 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 5 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 6 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'c' => array(
		'id' => '007389',
		'authors' => 'Fogg, A.G.;Fernandez Arciniega, M.A.;Alonso, R.M.',
		'authorsweb' => 'Arnold G. Fogg, Miguel A. Fern&aacute;ndez-Arciniega and Rosa M. Alonso',
		'title' => 'Flow injection amperometric determination of nitroprusside at a glassy carbon electrode and at a sessile mercury drop electrode',
		'journal' => 'Analyst',
		'journal_id' => '0864',
		'fadid' => 'ANAL1985V0110P00345',
		'year' => '1985',
		'volume' => '110',
		'issue' => '4',
		'startpage' => '345',
		'endpage' => '348',
		'type' => 'Journal Article',
		'analytes' => ';1612;',
		'matrices' => '',
		'techniques' => ';0001;0046;0226;0170;0519;0527;',
		'keywords' => '',
		'abstract' => 'Two methods are described. In the first, 75 &micro;L of sodium nitroprusside(I) solution in 0.5 M NaOH was injected into a 0.5 M NaOH eluent (6.5 mL min-1). Detection was by oxidation of I at a vitreous-carbon electrode, at +0.57 V vs. the SCE in a three-electrode system. Linear-sweep and cyclic voltammograms were obtained at a sweep rate of 10 mV s-1. Signal response was rectilinear with respect to I concentration. of 1 &micro;M to 5 mM. The coefficient of variation (n = 10) at 50 &micro;M and 0.5 mM were 1.8 and 1.5%, respectively. The second method involved reduction of I at a sessile-mercury-drop electrode in pH 8 Britton - Robinson buffer. After deoxygenation by N and addition of Na2SO3.7H2O, solution of I in the buffer were injected. A potential of -1.25 V vs. the SCE was chosen. Response was rectilinear in the range 0.02 to 0.2 mM, with coefficient of variation (n = 10) of 2%.',
		'language' => 'English',
		'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
		'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
		'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
		'hits' => '5',
		'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:00:50',
		'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
		'pauthor_id' => '00149',
		'pauthor' => '!Fogg, A.G.',
		'address' => 'pau',
		'email' => 'pau',
		'notes' => null,
		'url' => '10.1039/an9851000345',
		'urltype' => 'doi',
		'gotpdf' => 'yes',
		'partial' => 'no',
		'notanalyte' => '',
		'citation' => ''Flow injection amperometric determination of nitroprusside at a glassy carbon electrode and at a sessile mercury drop electrode', Analyst, 1985 110(4) 345-348',
		'firstchar' => 'F',
		'twochars' => 'Fl',
		'CitationsTechnique' => array(
			'id' => '004440',
			'citation_id' => '007389',
			'technique_id' => '0527'
		),
		'Analyte' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		'Matrix' => array(),
		'Keyword' => array()
	),
	'i' => (int) 3
)
$data = array(
	'Technique' => array(
		'id' => '0527',
		'label' => 'Voltammetry',
		'level1' => 'Voltammetry',
		'level2' => 'linear sweep',
		'level3' => '',
		'level4' => '',
		'level5' => '',
		'synonyms' => '',
		'champ' => '',
		'total' => '7',
		'updated' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
		'name' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep',
		'nametotal' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep**7',
		'first' => 'V'
	),
	'Citation' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '004619',
			'authors' => 'Tougas, T.P.;Curran, D.J.',
			'authorsweb' => 'T. P. Tougas and D. J. Curran',
			'title' => 'Stopped-flow linear sweep voltammetry at the reticulated vitreous carbon electrode in a flow injection system. Determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1984V0161P00325',
			'year' => '1984',
			'volume' => '161',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '325',
			'endpage' => '331',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0856;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0226;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0446;',
			'abstract' => 'The procedure described depends on the irreversibility of the oxidation of ascorbic acid and the quasi-reversible electrochemical behavior of dopamine in acid media. Linear-sweep voltammetry under stopped-flow conditions is used for the determination; a flow injection system is employed to introduce the sample solution into a flow-through coulometric detector equipped with a porous reticulated vitreous-carbon working electrode. Products of the initial electrolysis of the analyte are trapped in the electrode by stopping the flow, and the regeneration of dopamine provides the analytical signal. Calibration graphs for dopamine are rectilinear over the range 0.86 to 34.5 &micro;M, and the detection limit is 0.5 &micro;M.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '4',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:46:14',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00746',
			'pauthor' => '!Curran, D.J.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85802-X',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Stopped-flow linear sweep voltammetry at the reticulated vitreous carbon electrode in a flow injection system. Determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1984 161(1) 325-331',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'St',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '005020',
			'authors' => 'Newton, M.P.;Van Den Berg, C.M.G.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. P. Newton and C. M. G. Van Den Berg',
			'title' => 'Determination of nickel, cobalt, copper and uranium in water by cathodic stripping chronopotentiometry with continuous-flow',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1987V0199P00059',
			'year' => '1987',
			'volume' => '199',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '59',
			'endpage' => '76',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1575;0672;0684;2461;',
			'matrices' => ';0379;0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0401;0171;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;',
			'abstract' => 'An automated analyzer. with fast data acquisition (250 kHz) is described. Adsorptive collection of surface-active metal complexes on a hanging-mercury-drop electrode is followed by cathodic scans in which a constant current of 0.8 to 60 &micro;A is passed through the working electrode. Copper, U and Ni can be determined in the presence of dissolved O but the sensitivity for Ni is then much reduced, and Co cannot be determined as its peak is superimposed on the O peak. The sensitivity of stripping chronopotentiometry in the presence of dissolved O is similar to that of fast linear-sweep voltammetry in the absence of dissolved O. Detection limits in deaerated seawater are 0.1, 0.1, 1.8 and 1.6 nM for Ni, Co, Cu and U, respectively, using 60-s stirred adsorption and could be lowered further by prolonged collection (300 s). The technique was successfully applied in measuring Ni with continuous-flow in estuarine water.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:52:43',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Department of Oceanography, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX Great Britain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)82797-X',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of nickel, cobalt, copper and uranium in water by cathodic stripping chronopotentiometry with continuous-flow', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1987 199(1) 59-76',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '006407',
			'authors' => 'Zou, X.Y.;Mo, J.Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoyong Zou and Jinyuan Mo*',
			'title' => 'Spline wavelet analysis for voltammetric signals',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1997V0340P00115',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '340',
			'issue' => '1-3',
			'startpage' => '115',
			'endpage' => '121',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => '',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0117;0412;0410;',
			'abstract' => 'Application of wavelet multifrequency channel decomposition (WMCD) in electroanalytical chemistry is presented in this paper. A new approach on this digital processing technique, to extract useful information from high noise signals in voltammetry, is described in detail. The method of constructing a model of B-spline WMCD and its application with 2nd, 3rd and 4th order B-spline in the linear scan voltammetry are thoroughly discussed and several results obtained. If the suitable optimal wavelet basis and frequency scale value are selected, the absolute values of the peak relative errors are less than 2% when the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is greater than 0.2, and the absolute values of the peak potential relative errors are less than 12% when S/N is greater than 0.3. The processed results of experimental data with high noise are also satisfactory. The whole computation is simple and needs shorter time than other signal processing methods. 20 References',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '1',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 16:22:36',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Mo, J.Y.',
			'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, Zhongshan (Sun Yatsen) University, Guangzhou 510275, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(96)00458-8',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Spline wavelet analysis for voltammetric signals', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1997 340(1-3) 115-121',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Sp',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '007389',
			'authors' => 'Fogg, A.G.;Fernandez Arciniega, M.A.;Alonso, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Arnold G. Fogg, Miguel A. Fern&aacute;ndez-Arciniega and Rosa M. Alonso',
			'title' => 'Flow injection amperometric determination of nitroprusside at a glassy carbon electrode and at a sessile mercury drop electrode',
			'journal' => 'Analyst',
			'journal_id' => '0864',
			'fadid' => 'ANAL1985V0110P00345',
			'year' => '1985',
			'volume' => '110',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '345',
			'endpage' => '348',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1612;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0001;0046;0226;0170;0519;0527;',
			'keywords' => '',
			'abstract' => 'Two methods are described. In the first, 75 &micro;L of sodium nitroprusside(I) solution in 0.5 M NaOH was injected into a 0.5 M NaOH eluent (6.5 mL min-1). Detection was by oxidation of I at a vitreous-carbon electrode, at +0.57 V vs. the SCE in a three-electrode system. Linear-sweep and cyclic voltammograms were obtained at a sweep rate of 10 mV s-1. Signal response was rectilinear with respect to I concentration. of 1 &micro;M to 5 mM. The coefficient of variation (n = 10) at 50 &micro;M and 0.5 mM were 1.8 and 1.5%, respectively. The second method involved reduction of I at a sessile-mercury-drop electrode in pH 8 Britton - Robinson buffer. After deoxygenation by N and addition of Na2SO3.7H2O, solution of I in the buffer were injected. A potential of -1.25 V vs. the SCE was chosen. Response was rectilinear in the range 0.02 to 0.2 mM, with coefficient of variation (n = 10) of 2%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:00:50',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00149',
			'pauthor' => '!Fogg, A.G.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/an9851000345',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Flow injection amperometric determination of nitroprusside at a glassy carbon electrode and at a sessile mercury drop electrode', Analyst, 1985 110(4) 345-348',
			'firstchar' => 'F',
			'twochars' => 'Fl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array([maximum depth reached])
		),
		(int) 4 => array(
			'id' => '007481',
			'authors' => 'Tay, B.T.;Ang, K.P.;Gunasingham, H.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Boon-Tat Tay, Kok-Peng Ang and Haritharan Gunasingham',
			'title' => 'Platinum-dispersed Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of hydrogen peroxide in a flow injection system',
			'journal' => 'Analyst',
			'journal_id' => '0864',
			'fadid' => 'ANAL1988V0113P00617',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '113',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '617',
			'endpage' => '620',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1196;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0233;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0043;',
			'abstract' => 'The cited electrode was prepared by electro-deposition of Pt particles into Nafion-coated vitreous carbon, by potential cycling between +0.7 and -0.15 V in acidic K2PtCl6 solution at a scan rate of 50 mV s-1. Compared with Pt, vitreous carbon and Pt-modified vitreous carbon electrodes, the Nafion - vitreous carbon system displayed increased stability. Linear-sweep voltammograms of 10 mM H2O2 in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at the various electrodes were obtained; at Pt loading levels 150 &micro;g cm-2 the Pt - Nafion - vitreous carbon electrode showed a higher response than the Pt electrode. An application of the cited electrode to the flow injection analysis - electrochemical detection of H2O2 is described. Generally the rectilinear working range was from 1 &micro;M to ~50 mM H2O2.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '3',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:03:15',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00984',
			'pauthor' => '!Gunasingham, H.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/an9881300617',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Platinum-dispersed Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of hydrogen peroxide in a flow injection system', Analyst, 1988 113(4) 617-620',
			'firstchar' => 'P',
			'twochars' => 'Pl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '009784',
			'authors' => 'Zhang, S.;Sun, W.l.;Zhang, W.;Jin, L.t.;Yamamoto, K.;Tao, S.;Jin, J.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Song Zhang; Wen-liang Sun; Wen Zhang; Katsunobu Yamamoto; Shuguang Tao; Jiye Jin',
			'title' => 'Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin at silver electrode modified by lipoic acid monolayer',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Lett.',
			'journal_id' => '0820',
			'fadid' => 'ANLE1998V0031P02159',
			'year' => '1998',
			'volume' => '31',
			'issue' => '13',
			'startpage' => '2159',
			'endpage' => '2171',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1146;',
			'matrices' => 'NA',
			'techniques' => ';0527;0210;0080;',
			'keywords' => ';0043;0110;',
			'abstract' => 'The direct electrochemistry of Hb was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and flow injection analysis (FIA) on a silver electrode modified by a self-assembled monolayer of lipoic acid (LA). Lipoic acid molecules can strongly absorb onto the Ag electrode surface through the cleavage of the S-H bond and the formation of the Ag-S bond. The observed adsorption coverage of LA demonstrates that the LA molecules spontaneously form a self-assembled monolayer. Experimental data show that LA can promote the redox process of Hb at the modified electrode surface. This chemical modified electrode (CME) exhibits good stability in the CV and FIA. Linear sweep voltammetric measurement of Hb at the CME reveals a linear relationship between the oxidative peak current and the concentration of Hb in the range of 5.0 x 10^-7 - 1.5 x 10^-5 mol/L. The relative standard derivation (RSD) for six replicate measurements of 5.0 x 10^-6 mol/L Hb in FIA is 2.8%. The detection limit is 2.0 x 10^-7 mol/L. The reaction mechanism involves the hydrogen bond/salt bridge formation between the carboxylate of LA and the protonated lysine residues of Hb that can enhance the electron transfer reaction. It can be used to detect Hb in real examples.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2007-04-02 21:28:13',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:53:45',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1080/00032719808005293',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin at silver electrode modified by lipoic acid monolayer', Anal. Lett., 1998 31(13) 2159-2171',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'Di',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '014682',
			'authors' => 'Feng, L.;Che, G.;Dong, S.;Zhang, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Feng Lianyu, Che Guangli, Dong Shaojun, Zhang Yonghua',
			'title' => 'Glucose micro-enzyme sensor based on cobalt porphyrin-modifed microdisk array carbon fibre electrode',
			'journal' => 'Yingyong Huaxue',
			'journal_id' => '0913',
			'fadid' => 'YYHX1991V0008P00086',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '3',
			'startpage' => '86',
			'endpage' => '88',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1057;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0001;0069;0177;0527;0426;',
			'keywords' => ';0067;0205;',
			'abstract' => 'A Co tetraphenylporphyrin-modified microdisk array C-fiber electrode was prepared which showed catalytic activity for O reduction through linear voltammetry. A glucose (I) micro-enzyme electrode was fabricated based on the modified microelectrode and immobilized glucose oxidase. The response of the sensor was linear up to 13 mM I when used for amperometric detection in flow injection analysis; the detection limit was 2.4 mM and the response time was 40 s.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 18:27:53',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Changchun 130022 China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'yyhx.ciac.jl.cn/CN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=13453',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Glucose micro-enzyme sensor based on cobalt porphyrin-modifed microdisk array carbon fibre electrode', Yingyong Huaxue, 1991 8(3) 86-88',
			'firstchar' => 'G',
			'twochars' => 'Gl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	)
)
$c = array(
	'id' => '007389',
	'authors' => 'Fogg, A.G.;Fernandez Arciniega, M.A.;Alonso, R.M.',
	'authorsweb' => 'Arnold G. Fogg, Miguel A. Fern&aacute;ndez-Arciniega and Rosa M. Alonso',
	'title' => 'Flow injection amperometric determination of nitroprusside at a glassy carbon electrode and at a sessile mercury drop electrode',
	'journal' => 'Analyst',
	'journal_id' => '0864',
	'fadid' => 'ANAL1985V0110P00345',
	'year' => '1985',
	'volume' => '110',
	'issue' => '4',
	'startpage' => '345',
	'endpage' => '348',
	'type' => 'Journal Article',
	'analytes' => ';1612;',
	'matrices' => '',
	'techniques' => ';0001;0046;0226;0170;0519;0527;',
	'keywords' => '',
	'abstract' => 'Two methods are described. In the first, 75 &micro;L of sodium nitroprusside(I) solution in 0.5 M NaOH was injected into a 0.5 M NaOH eluent (6.5 mL min-1). Detection was by oxidation of I at a vitreous-carbon electrode, at +0.57 V vs. the SCE in a three-electrode system. Linear-sweep and cyclic voltammograms were obtained at a sweep rate of 10 mV s-1. Signal response was rectilinear with respect to I concentration. of 1 &micro;M to 5 mM. The coefficient of variation (n = 10) at 50 &micro;M and 0.5 mM were 1.8 and 1.5%, respectively. The second method involved reduction of I at a sessile-mercury-drop electrode in pH 8 Britton - Robinson buffer. After deoxygenation by N and addition of Na2SO3.7H2O, solution of I in the buffer were injected. A potential of -1.25 V vs. the SCE was chosen. Response was rectilinear in the range 0.02 to 0.2 mM, with coefficient of variation (n = 10) of 2%.',
	'language' => 'English',
	'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
	'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
	'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
	'hits' => '5',
	'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:00:50',
	'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
	'pauthor_id' => '00149',
	'pauthor' => '!Fogg, A.G.',
	'address' => 'pau',
	'email' => 'pau',
	'notes' => null,
	'url' => '10.1039/an9851000345',
	'urltype' => 'doi',
	'gotpdf' => 'yes',
	'partial' => 'no',
	'notanalyte' => '',
	'citation' => ''Flow injection amperometric determination of nitroprusside at a glassy carbon electrode and at a sessile mercury drop electrode', Analyst, 1985 110(4) 345-348',
	'firstchar' => 'F',
	'twochars' => 'Fl',
	'CitationsTechnique' => array(
		'id' => '004440',
		'citation_id' => '007389',
		'technique_id' => '0527'
	),
	'Analyte' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '01612',
			'name' => 'Nitroprusside',
			'iupac_name' => 'iron(4+);nitroxyl anion;pentacyanide',
			'casrn' => 'NA',
			'synonyms' => 'NA',
			'total' => '8',
			'inchi' => 'InChI=1S/5CN.Fe.NO/c5*1-2;;1-2',
			'inchikey' => 'PAORBFBZBNPTCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N',
			'formula' => 'Fe(CN)5NO-2',
			'oxstate' => '-2',
			'url' => '',
			'charge' => '-2',
			'class1' => 'Inorganic compound',
			'class2' => 'NA',
			'class3' => 'NA',
			'class4' => 'Molecule',
			'class5' => 'Drugs',
			'isgroup' => '',
			'checked' => 'yes',
			'citation_count' => '0',
			'updated' => '2015-10-23 21:32:48',
			'first' => 'N',
			'nametotal' => 'Nitroprusside**8',
			'AnalytesCitation' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'Matrix' => array(),
	'Keyword' => array()
)
$i = (int) 3
$path = ''
$a = ''
$url = 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/an9851000345'
$aus = 'Arnold G. Fogg, Miguel A. Fern&amp;aacute;ndez-Arciniega and Rosa M. Alonso'
include - APP/View/Elements/citation.ctp, line 40
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 971
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 933
View::_renderElement() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 1224
View::element() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 418
include - APP/View/Techniques/view.ctp, line 52
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 971
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 933
View::render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 473
Controller::render() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 968
Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 200
Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 167
[main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 109

"Platinum-dispersed Nafion-modified Glassy Carbon Electrode For The Determination Of Hydrogen Peroxide In A Flow Injection System"
Analyst 1988 Volume 113, Issue 4 Pages 617-620

Notice (8): Undefined variable: uid [APP/View/Elements/citation.ctp, line 40]
Code Context
                ?>
                <?php
                if($uid!='') {
$viewFile = '/home/stuchalk/public_html/fad/app/View/Elements/citation.ctp'
$dataForView = array(
	'data' => array(
		'Technique' => array(
			'id' => '0527',
			'label' => 'Voltammetry',
			'level1' => 'Voltammetry',
			'level2' => 'linear sweep',
			'level3' => '',
			'level4' => '',
			'level5' => '',
			'synonyms' => '',
			'champ' => '',
			'total' => '7',
			'updated' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'name' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep',
			'nametotal' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep**7',
			'first' => 'V'
		),
		'Citation' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 1 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 2 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 3 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 4 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 5 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 6 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'c' => array(
		'id' => '007481',
		'authors' => 'Tay, B.T.;Ang, K.P.;Gunasingham, H.',
		'authorsweb' => 'Boon-Tat Tay, Kok-Peng Ang and Haritharan Gunasingham',
		'title' => 'Platinum-dispersed Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of hydrogen peroxide in a flow injection system',
		'journal' => 'Analyst',
		'journal_id' => '0864',
		'fadid' => 'ANAL1988V0113P00617',
		'year' => '1988',
		'volume' => '113',
		'issue' => '4',
		'startpage' => '617',
		'endpage' => '620',
		'type' => 'Journal Article',
		'analytes' => ';1196;',
		'matrices' => '',
		'techniques' => ';0233;0527;',
		'keywords' => ';0043;',
		'abstract' => 'The cited electrode was prepared by electro-deposition of Pt particles into Nafion-coated vitreous carbon, by potential cycling between +0.7 and -0.15 V in acidic K2PtCl6 solution at a scan rate of 50 mV s-1. Compared with Pt, vitreous carbon and Pt-modified vitreous carbon electrodes, the Nafion - vitreous carbon system displayed increased stability. Linear-sweep voltammograms of 10 mM H2O2 in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at the various electrodes were obtained; at Pt loading levels 150 &micro;g cm-2 the Pt - Nafion - vitreous carbon electrode showed a higher response than the Pt electrode. An application of the cited electrode to the flow injection analysis - electrochemical detection of H2O2 is described. Generally the rectilinear working range was from 1 &micro;M to ~50 mM H2O2.',
		'language' => 'English',
		'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
		'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
		'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
		'hits' => '3',
		'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:03:15',
		'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
		'pauthor_id' => '00984',
		'pauthor' => '!Gunasingham, H.',
		'address' => 'pau',
		'email' => 'pau',
		'notes' => null,
		'url' => '10.1039/an9881300617',
		'urltype' => 'doi',
		'gotpdf' => 'yes',
		'partial' => 'no',
		'notanalyte' => '',
		'citation' => ''Platinum-dispersed Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of hydrogen peroxide in a flow injection system', Analyst, 1988 113(4) 617-620',
		'firstchar' => 'P',
		'twochars' => 'Pl',
		'CitationsTechnique' => array(
			'id' => '004600',
			'citation_id' => '007481',
			'technique_id' => '0527'
		),
		'Analyte' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		'Matrix' => array(),
		'Keyword' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'i' => (int) 4
)
$data = array(
	'Technique' => array(
		'id' => '0527',
		'label' => 'Voltammetry',
		'level1' => 'Voltammetry',
		'level2' => 'linear sweep',
		'level3' => '',
		'level4' => '',
		'level5' => '',
		'synonyms' => '',
		'champ' => '',
		'total' => '7',
		'updated' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
		'name' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep',
		'nametotal' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep**7',
		'first' => 'V'
	),
	'Citation' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '004619',
			'authors' => 'Tougas, T.P.;Curran, D.J.',
			'authorsweb' => 'T. P. Tougas and D. J. Curran',
			'title' => 'Stopped-flow linear sweep voltammetry at the reticulated vitreous carbon electrode in a flow injection system. Determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1984V0161P00325',
			'year' => '1984',
			'volume' => '161',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '325',
			'endpage' => '331',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0856;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0226;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0446;',
			'abstract' => 'The procedure described depends on the irreversibility of the oxidation of ascorbic acid and the quasi-reversible electrochemical behavior of dopamine in acid media. Linear-sweep voltammetry under stopped-flow conditions is used for the determination; a flow injection system is employed to introduce the sample solution into a flow-through coulometric detector equipped with a porous reticulated vitreous-carbon working electrode. Products of the initial electrolysis of the analyte are trapped in the electrode by stopping the flow, and the regeneration of dopamine provides the analytical signal. Calibration graphs for dopamine are rectilinear over the range 0.86 to 34.5 &micro;M, and the detection limit is 0.5 &micro;M.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '4',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:46:14',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00746',
			'pauthor' => '!Curran, D.J.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85802-X',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Stopped-flow linear sweep voltammetry at the reticulated vitreous carbon electrode in a flow injection system. Determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1984 161(1) 325-331',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'St',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '005020',
			'authors' => 'Newton, M.P.;Van Den Berg, C.M.G.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. P. Newton and C. M. G. Van Den Berg',
			'title' => 'Determination of nickel, cobalt, copper and uranium in water by cathodic stripping chronopotentiometry with continuous-flow',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1987V0199P00059',
			'year' => '1987',
			'volume' => '199',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '59',
			'endpage' => '76',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1575;0672;0684;2461;',
			'matrices' => ';0379;0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0401;0171;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;',
			'abstract' => 'An automated analyzer. with fast data acquisition (250 kHz) is described. Adsorptive collection of surface-active metal complexes on a hanging-mercury-drop electrode is followed by cathodic scans in which a constant current of 0.8 to 60 &micro;A is passed through the working electrode. Copper, U and Ni can be determined in the presence of dissolved O but the sensitivity for Ni is then much reduced, and Co cannot be determined as its peak is superimposed on the O peak. The sensitivity of stripping chronopotentiometry in the presence of dissolved O is similar to that of fast linear-sweep voltammetry in the absence of dissolved O. Detection limits in deaerated seawater are 0.1, 0.1, 1.8 and 1.6 nM for Ni, Co, Cu and U, respectively, using 60-s stirred adsorption and could be lowered further by prolonged collection (300 s). The technique was successfully applied in measuring Ni with continuous-flow in estuarine water.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:52:43',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Department of Oceanography, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX Great Britain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)82797-X',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of nickel, cobalt, copper and uranium in water by cathodic stripping chronopotentiometry with continuous-flow', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1987 199(1) 59-76',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '006407',
			'authors' => 'Zou, X.Y.;Mo, J.Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoyong Zou and Jinyuan Mo*',
			'title' => 'Spline wavelet analysis for voltammetric signals',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1997V0340P00115',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '340',
			'issue' => '1-3',
			'startpage' => '115',
			'endpage' => '121',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => '',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0117;0412;0410;',
			'abstract' => 'Application of wavelet multifrequency channel decomposition (WMCD) in electroanalytical chemistry is presented in this paper. A new approach on this digital processing technique, to extract useful information from high noise signals in voltammetry, is described in detail. The method of constructing a model of B-spline WMCD and its application with 2nd, 3rd and 4th order B-spline in the linear scan voltammetry are thoroughly discussed and several results obtained. If the suitable optimal wavelet basis and frequency scale value are selected, the absolute values of the peak relative errors are less than 2% when the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is greater than 0.2, and the absolute values of the peak potential relative errors are less than 12% when S/N is greater than 0.3. The processed results of experimental data with high noise are also satisfactory. The whole computation is simple and needs shorter time than other signal processing methods. 20 References',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '1',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 16:22:36',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Mo, J.Y.',
			'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, Zhongshan (Sun Yatsen) University, Guangzhou 510275, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(96)00458-8',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Spline wavelet analysis for voltammetric signals', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1997 340(1-3) 115-121',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Sp',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '007389',
			'authors' => 'Fogg, A.G.;Fernandez Arciniega, M.A.;Alonso, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Arnold G. Fogg, Miguel A. Fern&aacute;ndez-Arciniega and Rosa M. Alonso',
			'title' => 'Flow injection amperometric determination of nitroprusside at a glassy carbon electrode and at a sessile mercury drop electrode',
			'journal' => 'Analyst',
			'journal_id' => '0864',
			'fadid' => 'ANAL1985V0110P00345',
			'year' => '1985',
			'volume' => '110',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '345',
			'endpage' => '348',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1612;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0001;0046;0226;0170;0519;0527;',
			'keywords' => '',
			'abstract' => 'Two methods are described. In the first, 75 &micro;L of sodium nitroprusside(I) solution in 0.5 M NaOH was injected into a 0.5 M NaOH eluent (6.5 mL min-1). Detection was by oxidation of I at a vitreous-carbon electrode, at +0.57 V vs. the SCE in a three-electrode system. Linear-sweep and cyclic voltammograms were obtained at a sweep rate of 10 mV s-1. Signal response was rectilinear with respect to I concentration. of 1 &micro;M to 5 mM. The coefficient of variation (n = 10) at 50 &micro;M and 0.5 mM were 1.8 and 1.5%, respectively. The second method involved reduction of I at a sessile-mercury-drop electrode in pH 8 Britton - Robinson buffer. After deoxygenation by N and addition of Na2SO3.7H2O, solution of I in the buffer were injected. A potential of -1.25 V vs. the SCE was chosen. Response was rectilinear in the range 0.02 to 0.2 mM, with coefficient of variation (n = 10) of 2%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:00:50',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00149',
			'pauthor' => '!Fogg, A.G.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/an9851000345',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Flow injection amperometric determination of nitroprusside at a glassy carbon electrode and at a sessile mercury drop electrode', Analyst, 1985 110(4) 345-348',
			'firstchar' => 'F',
			'twochars' => 'Fl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array([maximum depth reached])
		),
		(int) 4 => array(
			'id' => '007481',
			'authors' => 'Tay, B.T.;Ang, K.P.;Gunasingham, H.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Boon-Tat Tay, Kok-Peng Ang and Haritharan Gunasingham',
			'title' => 'Platinum-dispersed Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of hydrogen peroxide in a flow injection system',
			'journal' => 'Analyst',
			'journal_id' => '0864',
			'fadid' => 'ANAL1988V0113P00617',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '113',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '617',
			'endpage' => '620',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1196;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0233;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0043;',
			'abstract' => 'The cited electrode was prepared by electro-deposition of Pt particles into Nafion-coated vitreous carbon, by potential cycling between +0.7 and -0.15 V in acidic K2PtCl6 solution at a scan rate of 50 mV s-1. Compared with Pt, vitreous carbon and Pt-modified vitreous carbon electrodes, the Nafion - vitreous carbon system displayed increased stability. Linear-sweep voltammograms of 10 mM H2O2 in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at the various electrodes were obtained; at Pt loading levels 150 &micro;g cm-2 the Pt - Nafion - vitreous carbon electrode showed a higher response than the Pt electrode. An application of the cited electrode to the flow injection analysis - electrochemical detection of H2O2 is described. Generally the rectilinear working range was from 1 &micro;M to ~50 mM H2O2.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '3',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:03:15',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00984',
			'pauthor' => '!Gunasingham, H.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/an9881300617',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Platinum-dispersed Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of hydrogen peroxide in a flow injection system', Analyst, 1988 113(4) 617-620',
			'firstchar' => 'P',
			'twochars' => 'Pl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '009784',
			'authors' => 'Zhang, S.;Sun, W.l.;Zhang, W.;Jin, L.t.;Yamamoto, K.;Tao, S.;Jin, J.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Song Zhang; Wen-liang Sun; Wen Zhang; Katsunobu Yamamoto; Shuguang Tao; Jiye Jin',
			'title' => 'Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin at silver electrode modified by lipoic acid monolayer',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Lett.',
			'journal_id' => '0820',
			'fadid' => 'ANLE1998V0031P02159',
			'year' => '1998',
			'volume' => '31',
			'issue' => '13',
			'startpage' => '2159',
			'endpage' => '2171',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1146;',
			'matrices' => 'NA',
			'techniques' => ';0527;0210;0080;',
			'keywords' => ';0043;0110;',
			'abstract' => 'The direct electrochemistry of Hb was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and flow injection analysis (FIA) on a silver electrode modified by a self-assembled monolayer of lipoic acid (LA). Lipoic acid molecules can strongly absorb onto the Ag electrode surface through the cleavage of the S-H bond and the formation of the Ag-S bond. The observed adsorption coverage of LA demonstrates that the LA molecules spontaneously form a self-assembled monolayer. Experimental data show that LA can promote the redox process of Hb at the modified electrode surface. This chemical modified electrode (CME) exhibits good stability in the CV and FIA. Linear sweep voltammetric measurement of Hb at the CME reveals a linear relationship between the oxidative peak current and the concentration of Hb in the range of 5.0 x 10^-7 - 1.5 x 10^-5 mol/L. The relative standard derivation (RSD) for six replicate measurements of 5.0 x 10^-6 mol/L Hb in FIA is 2.8%. The detection limit is 2.0 x 10^-7 mol/L. The reaction mechanism involves the hydrogen bond/salt bridge formation between the carboxylate of LA and the protonated lysine residues of Hb that can enhance the electron transfer reaction. It can be used to detect Hb in real examples.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2007-04-02 21:28:13',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:53:45',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1080/00032719808005293',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin at silver electrode modified by lipoic acid monolayer', Anal. Lett., 1998 31(13) 2159-2171',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'Di',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '014682',
			'authors' => 'Feng, L.;Che, G.;Dong, S.;Zhang, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Feng Lianyu, Che Guangli, Dong Shaojun, Zhang Yonghua',
			'title' => 'Glucose micro-enzyme sensor based on cobalt porphyrin-modifed microdisk array carbon fibre electrode',
			'journal' => 'Yingyong Huaxue',
			'journal_id' => '0913',
			'fadid' => 'YYHX1991V0008P00086',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '3',
			'startpage' => '86',
			'endpage' => '88',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1057;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0001;0069;0177;0527;0426;',
			'keywords' => ';0067;0205;',
			'abstract' => 'A Co tetraphenylporphyrin-modified microdisk array C-fiber electrode was prepared which showed catalytic activity for O reduction through linear voltammetry. A glucose (I) micro-enzyme electrode was fabricated based on the modified microelectrode and immobilized glucose oxidase. The response of the sensor was linear up to 13 mM I when used for amperometric detection in flow injection analysis; the detection limit was 2.4 mM and the response time was 40 s.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 18:27:53',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Changchun 130022 China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'yyhx.ciac.jl.cn/CN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=13453',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Glucose micro-enzyme sensor based on cobalt porphyrin-modifed microdisk array carbon fibre electrode', Yingyong Huaxue, 1991 8(3) 86-88',
			'firstchar' => 'G',
			'twochars' => 'Gl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	)
)
$c = array(
	'id' => '007481',
	'authors' => 'Tay, B.T.;Ang, K.P.;Gunasingham, H.',
	'authorsweb' => 'Boon-Tat Tay, Kok-Peng Ang and Haritharan Gunasingham',
	'title' => 'Platinum-dispersed Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of hydrogen peroxide in a flow injection system',
	'journal' => 'Analyst',
	'journal_id' => '0864',
	'fadid' => 'ANAL1988V0113P00617',
	'year' => '1988',
	'volume' => '113',
	'issue' => '4',
	'startpage' => '617',
	'endpage' => '620',
	'type' => 'Journal Article',
	'analytes' => ';1196;',
	'matrices' => '',
	'techniques' => ';0233;0527;',
	'keywords' => ';0043;',
	'abstract' => 'The cited electrode was prepared by electro-deposition of Pt particles into Nafion-coated vitreous carbon, by potential cycling between +0.7 and -0.15 V in acidic K2PtCl6 solution at a scan rate of 50 mV s-1. Compared with Pt, vitreous carbon and Pt-modified vitreous carbon electrodes, the Nafion - vitreous carbon system displayed increased stability. Linear-sweep voltammograms of 10 mM H2O2 in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at the various electrodes were obtained; at Pt loading levels 150 &micro;g cm-2 the Pt - Nafion - vitreous carbon electrode showed a higher response than the Pt electrode. An application of the cited electrode to the flow injection analysis - electrochemical detection of H2O2 is described. Generally the rectilinear working range was from 1 &micro;M to ~50 mM H2O2.',
	'language' => 'English',
	'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
	'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
	'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
	'hits' => '3',
	'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:03:15',
	'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
	'pauthor_id' => '00984',
	'pauthor' => '!Gunasingham, H.',
	'address' => 'pau',
	'email' => 'pau',
	'notes' => null,
	'url' => '10.1039/an9881300617',
	'urltype' => 'doi',
	'gotpdf' => 'yes',
	'partial' => 'no',
	'notanalyte' => '',
	'citation' => ''Platinum-dispersed Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of hydrogen peroxide in a flow injection system', Analyst, 1988 113(4) 617-620',
	'firstchar' => 'P',
	'twochars' => 'Pl',
	'CitationsTechnique' => array(
		'id' => '004600',
		'citation_id' => '007481',
		'technique_id' => '0527'
	),
	'Analyte' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '01196',
			'name' => 'Hydrogen peroxide',
			'iupac_name' => 'hydrogen peroxide',
			'casrn' => '7722-84-1',
			'synonyms' => 'Albone; dihydrogen dioxide; H2O2; Hioxy; hydrogen dioxide; Hydrogen peroxide; HYDROGEN PEROXIDE, 30%; Hydroperoxide; Inhibine; Oxydol; Perhydrol; Peroxan; peroxide; superoxol; t-stuff',
			'total' => '161',
			'inchi' => 'InChI=1S/H2O2/c1-2/h1-2H',
			'inchikey' => 'MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N',
			'formula' => 'H2O2',
			'oxstate' => '-1',
			'url' => '',
			'charge' => '0',
			'class1' => 'Inorganic compound',
			'class2' => 'NA',
			'class3' => 'NA',
			'class4' => 'Molecule',
			'class5' => 'Oxidizing agent',
			'isgroup' => '',
			'checked' => 'yes',
			'citation_count' => '0',
			'updated' => '2015-10-23 09:59:58',
			'first' => 'H',
			'nametotal' => 'Hydrogen peroxide**161',
			'AnalytesCitation' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'Matrix' => array(),
	'Keyword' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '0043',
			'type' => 'Manifold component',
			'keyword' => 'Apparatus',
			'newKeyword' => '',
			'synonyms' => '',
			'fao' => '',
			'total' => '466',
			'first' => 'A',
			'keytotal' => 'Apparatus**466',
			'CitationsKeyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	)
)
$i = (int) 4
$path = ''
$a = ''
$url = 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/an9881300617'
$aus = 'Boon-Tat Tay, Kok-Peng Ang and Haritharan Gunasingham'
include - APP/View/Elements/citation.ctp, line 40
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 971
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 933
View::_renderElement() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 1224
View::element() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 418
include - APP/View/Techniques/view.ctp, line 52
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 971
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 933
View::render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 473
Controller::render() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 968
Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 200
Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 167
[main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 109

"Direct Electrochemistry Of Hemoglobin At Silver Electrode Modified By Lipoic Acid Monolayer"
Anal. Lett. 1998 Volume 31, Issue 13 Pages 2159-2171

Notice (8): Undefined variable: uid [APP/View/Elements/citation.ctp, line 40]
Code Context
                ?>
                <?php
                if($uid!='') {
$viewFile = '/home/stuchalk/public_html/fad/app/View/Elements/citation.ctp'
$dataForView = array(
	'data' => array(
		'Technique' => array(
			'id' => '0527',
			'label' => 'Voltammetry',
			'level1' => 'Voltammetry',
			'level2' => 'linear sweep',
			'level3' => '',
			'level4' => '',
			'level5' => '',
			'synonyms' => '',
			'champ' => '',
			'total' => '7',
			'updated' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'name' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep',
			'nametotal' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep**7',
			'first' => 'V'
		),
		'Citation' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 1 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 2 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 3 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 4 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 5 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 6 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'c' => array(
		'id' => '009784',
		'authors' => 'Zhang, S.;Sun, W.l.;Zhang, W.;Jin, L.t.;Yamamoto, K.;Tao, S.;Jin, J.',
		'authorsweb' => 'Song Zhang; Wen-liang Sun; Wen Zhang; Katsunobu Yamamoto; Shuguang Tao; Jiye Jin',
		'title' => 'Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin at silver electrode modified by lipoic acid monolayer',
		'journal' => 'Anal. Lett.',
		'journal_id' => '0820',
		'fadid' => 'ANLE1998V0031P02159',
		'year' => '1998',
		'volume' => '31',
		'issue' => '13',
		'startpage' => '2159',
		'endpage' => '2171',
		'type' => 'Journal Article',
		'analytes' => ';1146;',
		'matrices' => 'NA',
		'techniques' => ';0527;0210;0080;',
		'keywords' => ';0043;0110;',
		'abstract' => 'The direct electrochemistry of Hb was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and flow injection analysis (FIA) on a silver electrode modified by a self-assembled monolayer of lipoic acid (LA). Lipoic acid molecules can strongly absorb onto the Ag electrode surface through the cleavage of the S-H bond and the formation of the Ag-S bond. The observed adsorption coverage of LA demonstrates that the LA molecules spontaneously form a self-assembled monolayer. Experimental data show that LA can promote the redox process of Hb at the modified electrode surface. This chemical modified electrode (CME) exhibits good stability in the CV and FIA. Linear sweep voltammetric measurement of Hb at the CME reveals a linear relationship between the oxidative peak current and the concentration of Hb in the range of 5.0 x 10^-7 - 1.5 x 10^-5 mol/L. The relative standard derivation (RSD) for six replicate measurements of 5.0 x 10^-6 mol/L Hb in FIA is 2.8%. The detection limit is 2.0 x 10^-7 mol/L. The reaction mechanism involves the hydrogen bond/salt bridge formation between the carboxylate of LA and the protonated lysine residues of Hb that can enhance the electron transfer reaction. It can be used to detect Hb in real examples.',
		'language' => 'English',
		'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
		'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
		'sjccheckdate' => '2007-04-02 21:28:13',
		'hits' => '5',
		'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:53:45',
		'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
		'pauthor_id' => null,
		'pauthor' => 'NA',
		'address' => 'NA',
		'email' => 'NA',
		'notes' => null,
		'url' => '10.1080/00032719808005293',
		'urltype' => 'doi',
		'gotpdf' => 'yes',
		'partial' => 'no',
		'notanalyte' => '',
		'citation' => ''Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin at silver electrode modified by lipoic acid monolayer', Anal. Lett., 1998 31(13) 2159-2171',
		'firstchar' => 'D',
		'twochars' => 'Di',
		'CitationsTechnique' => array(
			'id' => '008274',
			'citation_id' => '009784',
			'technique_id' => '0527'
		),
		'Analyte' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		'Matrix' => array(),
		'Keyword' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 1 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'i' => (int) 5
)
$data = array(
	'Technique' => array(
		'id' => '0527',
		'label' => 'Voltammetry',
		'level1' => 'Voltammetry',
		'level2' => 'linear sweep',
		'level3' => '',
		'level4' => '',
		'level5' => '',
		'synonyms' => '',
		'champ' => '',
		'total' => '7',
		'updated' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
		'name' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep',
		'nametotal' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep**7',
		'first' => 'V'
	),
	'Citation' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '004619',
			'authors' => 'Tougas, T.P.;Curran, D.J.',
			'authorsweb' => 'T. P. Tougas and D. J. Curran',
			'title' => 'Stopped-flow linear sweep voltammetry at the reticulated vitreous carbon electrode in a flow injection system. Determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1984V0161P00325',
			'year' => '1984',
			'volume' => '161',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '325',
			'endpage' => '331',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0856;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0226;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0446;',
			'abstract' => 'The procedure described depends on the irreversibility of the oxidation of ascorbic acid and the quasi-reversible electrochemical behavior of dopamine in acid media. Linear-sweep voltammetry under stopped-flow conditions is used for the determination; a flow injection system is employed to introduce the sample solution into a flow-through coulometric detector equipped with a porous reticulated vitreous-carbon working electrode. Products of the initial electrolysis of the analyte are trapped in the electrode by stopping the flow, and the regeneration of dopamine provides the analytical signal. Calibration graphs for dopamine are rectilinear over the range 0.86 to 34.5 &micro;M, and the detection limit is 0.5 &micro;M.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '4',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:46:14',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00746',
			'pauthor' => '!Curran, D.J.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85802-X',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Stopped-flow linear sweep voltammetry at the reticulated vitreous carbon electrode in a flow injection system. Determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1984 161(1) 325-331',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'St',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '005020',
			'authors' => 'Newton, M.P.;Van Den Berg, C.M.G.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. P. Newton and C. M. G. Van Den Berg',
			'title' => 'Determination of nickel, cobalt, copper and uranium in water by cathodic stripping chronopotentiometry with continuous-flow',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1987V0199P00059',
			'year' => '1987',
			'volume' => '199',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '59',
			'endpage' => '76',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1575;0672;0684;2461;',
			'matrices' => ';0379;0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0401;0171;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;',
			'abstract' => 'An automated analyzer. with fast data acquisition (250 kHz) is described. Adsorptive collection of surface-active metal complexes on a hanging-mercury-drop electrode is followed by cathodic scans in which a constant current of 0.8 to 60 &micro;A is passed through the working electrode. Copper, U and Ni can be determined in the presence of dissolved O but the sensitivity for Ni is then much reduced, and Co cannot be determined as its peak is superimposed on the O peak. The sensitivity of stripping chronopotentiometry in the presence of dissolved O is similar to that of fast linear-sweep voltammetry in the absence of dissolved O. Detection limits in deaerated seawater are 0.1, 0.1, 1.8 and 1.6 nM for Ni, Co, Cu and U, respectively, using 60-s stirred adsorption and could be lowered further by prolonged collection (300 s). The technique was successfully applied in measuring Ni with continuous-flow in estuarine water.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:52:43',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Department of Oceanography, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX Great Britain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)82797-X',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of nickel, cobalt, copper and uranium in water by cathodic stripping chronopotentiometry with continuous-flow', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1987 199(1) 59-76',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '006407',
			'authors' => 'Zou, X.Y.;Mo, J.Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoyong Zou and Jinyuan Mo*',
			'title' => 'Spline wavelet analysis for voltammetric signals',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1997V0340P00115',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '340',
			'issue' => '1-3',
			'startpage' => '115',
			'endpage' => '121',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => '',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0117;0412;0410;',
			'abstract' => 'Application of wavelet multifrequency channel decomposition (WMCD) in electroanalytical chemistry is presented in this paper. A new approach on this digital processing technique, to extract useful information from high noise signals in voltammetry, is described in detail. The method of constructing a model of B-spline WMCD and its application with 2nd, 3rd and 4th order B-spline in the linear scan voltammetry are thoroughly discussed and several results obtained. If the suitable optimal wavelet basis and frequency scale value are selected, the absolute values of the peak relative errors are less than 2% when the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is greater than 0.2, and the absolute values of the peak potential relative errors are less than 12% when S/N is greater than 0.3. The processed results of experimental data with high noise are also satisfactory. The whole computation is simple and needs shorter time than other signal processing methods. 20 References',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '1',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 16:22:36',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Mo, J.Y.',
			'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, Zhongshan (Sun Yatsen) University, Guangzhou 510275, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(96)00458-8',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Spline wavelet analysis for voltammetric signals', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1997 340(1-3) 115-121',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Sp',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '007389',
			'authors' => 'Fogg, A.G.;Fernandez Arciniega, M.A.;Alonso, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Arnold G. Fogg, Miguel A. Fern&aacute;ndez-Arciniega and Rosa M. Alonso',
			'title' => 'Flow injection amperometric determination of nitroprusside at a glassy carbon electrode and at a sessile mercury drop electrode',
			'journal' => 'Analyst',
			'journal_id' => '0864',
			'fadid' => 'ANAL1985V0110P00345',
			'year' => '1985',
			'volume' => '110',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '345',
			'endpage' => '348',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1612;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0001;0046;0226;0170;0519;0527;',
			'keywords' => '',
			'abstract' => 'Two methods are described. In the first, 75 &micro;L of sodium nitroprusside(I) solution in 0.5 M NaOH was injected into a 0.5 M NaOH eluent (6.5 mL min-1). Detection was by oxidation of I at a vitreous-carbon electrode, at +0.57 V vs. the SCE in a three-electrode system. Linear-sweep and cyclic voltammograms were obtained at a sweep rate of 10 mV s-1. Signal response was rectilinear with respect to I concentration. of 1 &micro;M to 5 mM. The coefficient of variation (n = 10) at 50 &micro;M and 0.5 mM were 1.8 and 1.5%, respectively. The second method involved reduction of I at a sessile-mercury-drop electrode in pH 8 Britton - Robinson buffer. After deoxygenation by N and addition of Na2SO3.7H2O, solution of I in the buffer were injected. A potential of -1.25 V vs. the SCE was chosen. Response was rectilinear in the range 0.02 to 0.2 mM, with coefficient of variation (n = 10) of 2%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:00:50',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00149',
			'pauthor' => '!Fogg, A.G.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/an9851000345',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Flow injection amperometric determination of nitroprusside at a glassy carbon electrode and at a sessile mercury drop electrode', Analyst, 1985 110(4) 345-348',
			'firstchar' => 'F',
			'twochars' => 'Fl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array([maximum depth reached])
		),
		(int) 4 => array(
			'id' => '007481',
			'authors' => 'Tay, B.T.;Ang, K.P.;Gunasingham, H.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Boon-Tat Tay, Kok-Peng Ang and Haritharan Gunasingham',
			'title' => 'Platinum-dispersed Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of hydrogen peroxide in a flow injection system',
			'journal' => 'Analyst',
			'journal_id' => '0864',
			'fadid' => 'ANAL1988V0113P00617',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '113',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '617',
			'endpage' => '620',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1196;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0233;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0043;',
			'abstract' => 'The cited electrode was prepared by electro-deposition of Pt particles into Nafion-coated vitreous carbon, by potential cycling between +0.7 and -0.15 V in acidic K2PtCl6 solution at a scan rate of 50 mV s-1. Compared with Pt, vitreous carbon and Pt-modified vitreous carbon electrodes, the Nafion - vitreous carbon system displayed increased stability. Linear-sweep voltammograms of 10 mM H2O2 in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at the various electrodes were obtained; at Pt loading levels 150 &micro;g cm-2 the Pt - Nafion - vitreous carbon electrode showed a higher response than the Pt electrode. An application of the cited electrode to the flow injection analysis - electrochemical detection of H2O2 is described. Generally the rectilinear working range was from 1 &micro;M to ~50 mM H2O2.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '3',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:03:15',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00984',
			'pauthor' => '!Gunasingham, H.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/an9881300617',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Platinum-dispersed Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of hydrogen peroxide in a flow injection system', Analyst, 1988 113(4) 617-620',
			'firstchar' => 'P',
			'twochars' => 'Pl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '009784',
			'authors' => 'Zhang, S.;Sun, W.l.;Zhang, W.;Jin, L.t.;Yamamoto, K.;Tao, S.;Jin, J.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Song Zhang; Wen-liang Sun; Wen Zhang; Katsunobu Yamamoto; Shuguang Tao; Jiye Jin',
			'title' => 'Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin at silver electrode modified by lipoic acid monolayer',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Lett.',
			'journal_id' => '0820',
			'fadid' => 'ANLE1998V0031P02159',
			'year' => '1998',
			'volume' => '31',
			'issue' => '13',
			'startpage' => '2159',
			'endpage' => '2171',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1146;',
			'matrices' => 'NA',
			'techniques' => ';0527;0210;0080;',
			'keywords' => ';0043;0110;',
			'abstract' => 'The direct electrochemistry of Hb was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and flow injection analysis (FIA) on a silver electrode modified by a self-assembled monolayer of lipoic acid (LA). Lipoic acid molecules can strongly absorb onto the Ag electrode surface through the cleavage of the S-H bond and the formation of the Ag-S bond. The observed adsorption coverage of LA demonstrates that the LA molecules spontaneously form a self-assembled monolayer. Experimental data show that LA can promote the redox process of Hb at the modified electrode surface. This chemical modified electrode (CME) exhibits good stability in the CV and FIA. Linear sweep voltammetric measurement of Hb at the CME reveals a linear relationship between the oxidative peak current and the concentration of Hb in the range of 5.0 x 10^-7 - 1.5 x 10^-5 mol/L. The relative standard derivation (RSD) for six replicate measurements of 5.0 x 10^-6 mol/L Hb in FIA is 2.8%. The detection limit is 2.0 x 10^-7 mol/L. The reaction mechanism involves the hydrogen bond/salt bridge formation between the carboxylate of LA and the protonated lysine residues of Hb that can enhance the electron transfer reaction. It can be used to detect Hb in real examples.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2007-04-02 21:28:13',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:53:45',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1080/00032719808005293',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin at silver electrode modified by lipoic acid monolayer', Anal. Lett., 1998 31(13) 2159-2171',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'Di',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '014682',
			'authors' => 'Feng, L.;Che, G.;Dong, S.;Zhang, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Feng Lianyu, Che Guangli, Dong Shaojun, Zhang Yonghua',
			'title' => 'Glucose micro-enzyme sensor based on cobalt porphyrin-modifed microdisk array carbon fibre electrode',
			'journal' => 'Yingyong Huaxue',
			'journal_id' => '0913',
			'fadid' => 'YYHX1991V0008P00086',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '3',
			'startpage' => '86',
			'endpage' => '88',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1057;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0001;0069;0177;0527;0426;',
			'keywords' => ';0067;0205;',
			'abstract' => 'A Co tetraphenylporphyrin-modified microdisk array C-fiber electrode was prepared which showed catalytic activity for O reduction through linear voltammetry. A glucose (I) micro-enzyme electrode was fabricated based on the modified microelectrode and immobilized glucose oxidase. The response of the sensor was linear up to 13 mM I when used for amperometric detection in flow injection analysis; the detection limit was 2.4 mM and the response time was 40 s.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 18:27:53',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Changchun 130022 China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'yyhx.ciac.jl.cn/CN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=13453',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Glucose micro-enzyme sensor based on cobalt porphyrin-modifed microdisk array carbon fibre electrode', Yingyong Huaxue, 1991 8(3) 86-88',
			'firstchar' => 'G',
			'twochars' => 'Gl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	)
)
$c = array(
	'id' => '009784',
	'authors' => 'Zhang, S.;Sun, W.l.;Zhang, W.;Jin, L.t.;Yamamoto, K.;Tao, S.;Jin, J.',
	'authorsweb' => 'Song Zhang; Wen-liang Sun; Wen Zhang; Katsunobu Yamamoto; Shuguang Tao; Jiye Jin',
	'title' => 'Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin at silver electrode modified by lipoic acid monolayer',
	'journal' => 'Anal. Lett.',
	'journal_id' => '0820',
	'fadid' => 'ANLE1998V0031P02159',
	'year' => '1998',
	'volume' => '31',
	'issue' => '13',
	'startpage' => '2159',
	'endpage' => '2171',
	'type' => 'Journal Article',
	'analytes' => ';1146;',
	'matrices' => 'NA',
	'techniques' => ';0527;0210;0080;',
	'keywords' => ';0043;0110;',
	'abstract' => 'The direct electrochemistry of Hb was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and flow injection analysis (FIA) on a silver electrode modified by a self-assembled monolayer of lipoic acid (LA). Lipoic acid molecules can strongly absorb onto the Ag electrode surface through the cleavage of the S-H bond and the formation of the Ag-S bond. The observed adsorption coverage of LA demonstrates that the LA molecules spontaneously form a self-assembled monolayer. Experimental data show that LA can promote the redox process of Hb at the modified electrode surface. This chemical modified electrode (CME) exhibits good stability in the CV and FIA. Linear sweep voltammetric measurement of Hb at the CME reveals a linear relationship between the oxidative peak current and the concentration of Hb in the range of 5.0 x 10^-7 - 1.5 x 10^-5 mol/L. The relative standard derivation (RSD) for six replicate measurements of 5.0 x 10^-6 mol/L Hb in FIA is 2.8%. The detection limit is 2.0 x 10^-7 mol/L. The reaction mechanism involves the hydrogen bond/salt bridge formation between the carboxylate of LA and the protonated lysine residues of Hb that can enhance the electron transfer reaction. It can be used to detect Hb in real examples.',
	'language' => 'English',
	'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
	'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
	'sjccheckdate' => '2007-04-02 21:28:13',
	'hits' => '5',
	'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:53:45',
	'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
	'pauthor_id' => null,
	'pauthor' => 'NA',
	'address' => 'NA',
	'email' => 'NA',
	'notes' => null,
	'url' => '10.1080/00032719808005293',
	'urltype' => 'doi',
	'gotpdf' => 'yes',
	'partial' => 'no',
	'notanalyte' => '',
	'citation' => ''Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin at silver electrode modified by lipoic acid monolayer', Anal. Lett., 1998 31(13) 2159-2171',
	'firstchar' => 'D',
	'twochars' => 'Di',
	'CitationsTechnique' => array(
		'id' => '008274',
		'citation_id' => '009784',
		'technique_id' => '0527'
	),
	'Analyte' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '01146',
			'name' => 'Hemoglobin',
			'iupac_name' => '',
			'casrn' => '9008-02-0',
			'synonyms' => 'Hb; Hemoglobin; HEMOGLOBIN BOVINE; Hemoglobins',
			'total' => '3',
			'inchi' => '',
			'inchikey' => '',
			'formula' => '',
			'oxstate' => null,
			'url' => '',
			'charge' => null,
			'class1' => 'Biological',
			'class2' => 'NA',
			'class3' => 'NA',
			'class4' => 'Complex',
			'class5' => '',
			'isgroup' => 'no',
			'checked' => 'yes',
			'citation_count' => '0',
			'updated' => '2015-12-11 09:54:00',
			'first' => 'H',
			'nametotal' => 'Hemoglobin**3',
			'AnalytesCitation' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'Matrix' => array(),
	'Keyword' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '0043',
			'type' => 'Manifold component',
			'keyword' => 'Apparatus',
			'newKeyword' => '',
			'synonyms' => '',
			'fao' => '',
			'total' => '466',
			'first' => 'A',
			'keytotal' => 'Apparatus**466',
			'CitationsKeyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '0110',
			'type' => 'Manifold component',
			'keyword' => 'Detector',
			'newKeyword' => '',
			'synonyms' => '',
			'fao' => '',
			'total' => '354',
			'first' => 'D',
			'keytotal' => 'Detector**354',
			'CitationsKeyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	)
)
$i = (int) 5
$path = ''
$a = ''
$url = 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00032719808005293'
$aus = 'Song Zhang; Wen-liang Sun; Wen Zhang; Katsunobu Yamamoto; Shuguang Tao; Jiye Jin'
include - APP/View/Elements/citation.ctp, line 40
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 971
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 933
View::_renderElement() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 1224
View::element() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 418
include - APP/View/Techniques/view.ctp, line 52
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 971
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 933
View::render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 473
Controller::render() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 968
Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 200
Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 167
[main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 109

"Glucose Micro-enzyme Sensor Based On Cobalt Porphyrin-modifed Microdisk Array Carbon Fibre Electrode"
Yingyong Huaxue 1991 Volume 8, Issue 3 Pages 86-88

Notice (8): Undefined variable: uid [APP/View/Elements/citation.ctp, line 40]
Code Context
                ?>
                <?php
                if($uid!='') {
$viewFile = '/home/stuchalk/public_html/fad/app/View/Elements/citation.ctp'
$dataForView = array(
	'data' => array(
		'Technique' => array(
			'id' => '0527',
			'label' => 'Voltammetry',
			'level1' => 'Voltammetry',
			'level2' => 'linear sweep',
			'level3' => '',
			'level4' => '',
			'level5' => '',
			'synonyms' => '',
			'champ' => '',
			'total' => '7',
			'updated' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'name' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep',
			'nametotal' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep**7',
			'first' => 'V'
		),
		'Citation' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 1 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 2 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 3 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 4 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 5 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 6 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'c' => array(
		'id' => '014682',
		'authors' => 'Feng, L.;Che, G.;Dong, S.;Zhang, Y.',
		'authorsweb' => 'Feng Lianyu, Che Guangli, Dong Shaojun, Zhang Yonghua',
		'title' => 'Glucose micro-enzyme sensor based on cobalt porphyrin-modifed microdisk array carbon fibre electrode',
		'journal' => 'Yingyong Huaxue',
		'journal_id' => '0913',
		'fadid' => 'YYHX1991V0008P00086',
		'year' => '1991',
		'volume' => '8',
		'issue' => '3',
		'startpage' => '86',
		'endpage' => '88',
		'type' => 'Journal Article',
		'analytes' => ';1057;',
		'matrices' => '',
		'techniques' => ';0001;0069;0177;0527;0426;',
		'keywords' => ';0067;0205;',
		'abstract' => 'A Co tetraphenylporphyrin-modified microdisk array C-fiber electrode was prepared which showed catalytic activity for O reduction through linear voltammetry. A glucose (I) micro-enzyme electrode was fabricated based on the modified microelectrode and immobilized glucose oxidase. The response of the sensor was linear up to 13 mM I when used for amperometric detection in flow injection analysis; the detection limit was 2.4 mM and the response time was 40 s.',
		'language' => 'Chinese',
		'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
		'sjccheck' => 'No',
		'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
		'hits' => '0',
		'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 18:27:53',
		'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
		'pauthor_id' => null,
		'pauthor' => 'NA',
		'address' => 'Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Changchun 130022 China',
		'email' => 'NA',
		'notes' => null,
		'url' => 'yyhx.ciac.jl.cn/CN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=13453',
		'urltype' => 'absurl',
		'gotpdf' => 'no',
		'partial' => 'no',
		'notanalyte' => '',
		'citation' => ''Glucose micro-enzyme sensor based on cobalt porphyrin-modifed microdisk array carbon fibre electrode', Yingyong Huaxue, 1991 8(3) 86-88',
		'firstchar' => 'G',
		'twochars' => 'Gl',
		'CitationsTechnique' => array(
			'id' => '015455',
			'citation_id' => '014682',
			'technique_id' => '0527'
		),
		'Analyte' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		'Matrix' => array(),
		'Keyword' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			(int) 1 => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'i' => (int) 6
)
$data = array(
	'Technique' => array(
		'id' => '0527',
		'label' => 'Voltammetry',
		'level1' => 'Voltammetry',
		'level2' => 'linear sweep',
		'level3' => '',
		'level4' => '',
		'level5' => '',
		'synonyms' => '',
		'champ' => '',
		'total' => '7',
		'updated' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
		'name' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep',
		'nametotal' => 'Voltammetry, linear sweep**7',
		'first' => 'V'
	),
	'Citation' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '004619',
			'authors' => 'Tougas, T.P.;Curran, D.J.',
			'authorsweb' => 'T. P. Tougas and D. J. Curran',
			'title' => 'Stopped-flow linear sweep voltammetry at the reticulated vitreous carbon electrode in a flow injection system. Determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1984V0161P00325',
			'year' => '1984',
			'volume' => '161',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '325',
			'endpage' => '331',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0856;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0226;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0446;',
			'abstract' => 'The procedure described depends on the irreversibility of the oxidation of ascorbic acid and the quasi-reversible electrochemical behavior of dopamine in acid media. Linear-sweep voltammetry under stopped-flow conditions is used for the determination; a flow injection system is employed to introduce the sample solution into a flow-through coulometric detector equipped with a porous reticulated vitreous-carbon working electrode. Products of the initial electrolysis of the analyte are trapped in the electrode by stopping the flow, and the regeneration of dopamine provides the analytical signal. Calibration graphs for dopamine are rectilinear over the range 0.86 to 34.5 &micro;M, and the detection limit is 0.5 &micro;M.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '4',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:46:14',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00746',
			'pauthor' => '!Curran, D.J.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85802-X',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Stopped-flow linear sweep voltammetry at the reticulated vitreous carbon electrode in a flow injection system. Determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1984 161(1) 325-331',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'St',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '005020',
			'authors' => 'Newton, M.P.;Van Den Berg, C.M.G.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. P. Newton and C. M. G. Van Den Berg',
			'title' => 'Determination of nickel, cobalt, copper and uranium in water by cathodic stripping chronopotentiometry with continuous-flow',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1987V0199P00059',
			'year' => '1987',
			'volume' => '199',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '59',
			'endpage' => '76',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1575;0672;0684;2461;',
			'matrices' => ';0379;0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0401;0171;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;',
			'abstract' => 'An automated analyzer. with fast data acquisition (250 kHz) is described. Adsorptive collection of surface-active metal complexes on a hanging-mercury-drop electrode is followed by cathodic scans in which a constant current of 0.8 to 60 &micro;A is passed through the working electrode. Copper, U and Ni can be determined in the presence of dissolved O but the sensitivity for Ni is then much reduced, and Co cannot be determined as its peak is superimposed on the O peak. The sensitivity of stripping chronopotentiometry in the presence of dissolved O is similar to that of fast linear-sweep voltammetry in the absence of dissolved O. Detection limits in deaerated seawater are 0.1, 0.1, 1.8 and 1.6 nM for Ni, Co, Cu and U, respectively, using 60-s stirred adsorption and could be lowered further by prolonged collection (300 s). The technique was successfully applied in measuring Ni with continuous-flow in estuarine water.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:52:43',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Department of Oceanography, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX Great Britain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)82797-X',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of nickel, cobalt, copper and uranium in water by cathodic stripping chronopotentiometry with continuous-flow', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1987 199(1) 59-76',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '006407',
			'authors' => 'Zou, X.Y.;Mo, J.Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoyong Zou and Jinyuan Mo*',
			'title' => 'Spline wavelet analysis for voltammetric signals',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1997V0340P00115',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '340',
			'issue' => '1-3',
			'startpage' => '115',
			'endpage' => '121',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => '',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0117;0412;0410;',
			'abstract' => 'Application of wavelet multifrequency channel decomposition (WMCD) in electroanalytical chemistry is presented in this paper. A new approach on this digital processing technique, to extract useful information from high noise signals in voltammetry, is described in detail. The method of constructing a model of B-spline WMCD and its application with 2nd, 3rd and 4th order B-spline in the linear scan voltammetry are thoroughly discussed and several results obtained. If the suitable optimal wavelet basis and frequency scale value are selected, the absolute values of the peak relative errors are less than 2% when the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is greater than 0.2, and the absolute values of the peak potential relative errors are less than 12% when S/N is greater than 0.3. The processed results of experimental data with high noise are also satisfactory. The whole computation is simple and needs shorter time than other signal processing methods. 20 References',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '1',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 16:22:36',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Mo, J.Y.',
			'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, Zhongshan (Sun Yatsen) University, Guangzhou 510275, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(96)00458-8',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Spline wavelet analysis for voltammetric signals', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1997 340(1-3) 115-121',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Sp',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '007389',
			'authors' => 'Fogg, A.G.;Fernandez Arciniega, M.A.;Alonso, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Arnold G. Fogg, Miguel A. Fern&aacute;ndez-Arciniega and Rosa M. Alonso',
			'title' => 'Flow injection amperometric determination of nitroprusside at a glassy carbon electrode and at a sessile mercury drop electrode',
			'journal' => 'Analyst',
			'journal_id' => '0864',
			'fadid' => 'ANAL1985V0110P00345',
			'year' => '1985',
			'volume' => '110',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '345',
			'endpage' => '348',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1612;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0001;0046;0226;0170;0519;0527;',
			'keywords' => '',
			'abstract' => 'Two methods are described. In the first, 75 &micro;L of sodium nitroprusside(I) solution in 0.5 M NaOH was injected into a 0.5 M NaOH eluent (6.5 mL min-1). Detection was by oxidation of I at a vitreous-carbon electrode, at +0.57 V vs. the SCE in a three-electrode system. Linear-sweep and cyclic voltammograms were obtained at a sweep rate of 10 mV s-1. Signal response was rectilinear with respect to I concentration. of 1 &micro;M to 5 mM. The coefficient of variation (n = 10) at 50 &micro;M and 0.5 mM were 1.8 and 1.5%, respectively. The second method involved reduction of I at a sessile-mercury-drop electrode in pH 8 Britton - Robinson buffer. After deoxygenation by N and addition of Na2SO3.7H2O, solution of I in the buffer were injected. A potential of -1.25 V vs. the SCE was chosen. Response was rectilinear in the range 0.02 to 0.2 mM, with coefficient of variation (n = 10) of 2%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:00:50',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00149',
			'pauthor' => '!Fogg, A.G.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/an9851000345',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Flow injection amperometric determination of nitroprusside at a glassy carbon electrode and at a sessile mercury drop electrode', Analyst, 1985 110(4) 345-348',
			'firstchar' => 'F',
			'twochars' => 'Fl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array([maximum depth reached])
		),
		(int) 4 => array(
			'id' => '007481',
			'authors' => 'Tay, B.T.;Ang, K.P.;Gunasingham, H.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Boon-Tat Tay, Kok-Peng Ang and Haritharan Gunasingham',
			'title' => 'Platinum-dispersed Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of hydrogen peroxide in a flow injection system',
			'journal' => 'Analyst',
			'journal_id' => '0864',
			'fadid' => 'ANAL1988V0113P00617',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '113',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '617',
			'endpage' => '620',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1196;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0233;0527;',
			'keywords' => ';0043;',
			'abstract' => 'The cited electrode was prepared by electro-deposition of Pt particles into Nafion-coated vitreous carbon, by potential cycling between +0.7 and -0.15 V in acidic K2PtCl6 solution at a scan rate of 50 mV s-1. Compared with Pt, vitreous carbon and Pt-modified vitreous carbon electrodes, the Nafion - vitreous carbon system displayed increased stability. Linear-sweep voltammograms of 10 mM H2O2 in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at the various electrodes were obtained; at Pt loading levels 150 &micro;g cm-2 the Pt - Nafion - vitreous carbon electrode showed a higher response than the Pt electrode. An application of the cited electrode to the flow injection analysis - electrochemical detection of H2O2 is described. Generally the rectilinear working range was from 1 &micro;M to ~50 mM H2O2.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '3',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:03:15',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00984',
			'pauthor' => '!Gunasingham, H.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/an9881300617',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Platinum-dispersed Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of hydrogen peroxide in a flow injection system', Analyst, 1988 113(4) 617-620',
			'firstchar' => 'P',
			'twochars' => 'Pl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '009784',
			'authors' => 'Zhang, S.;Sun, W.l.;Zhang, W.;Jin, L.t.;Yamamoto, K.;Tao, S.;Jin, J.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Song Zhang; Wen-liang Sun; Wen Zhang; Katsunobu Yamamoto; Shuguang Tao; Jiye Jin',
			'title' => 'Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin at silver electrode modified by lipoic acid monolayer',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Lett.',
			'journal_id' => '0820',
			'fadid' => 'ANLE1998V0031P02159',
			'year' => '1998',
			'volume' => '31',
			'issue' => '13',
			'startpage' => '2159',
			'endpage' => '2171',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1146;',
			'matrices' => 'NA',
			'techniques' => ';0527;0210;0080;',
			'keywords' => ';0043;0110;',
			'abstract' => 'The direct electrochemistry of Hb was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and flow injection analysis (FIA) on a silver electrode modified by a self-assembled monolayer of lipoic acid (LA). Lipoic acid molecules can strongly absorb onto the Ag electrode surface through the cleavage of the S-H bond and the formation of the Ag-S bond. The observed adsorption coverage of LA demonstrates that the LA molecules spontaneously form a self-assembled monolayer. Experimental data show that LA can promote the redox process of Hb at the modified electrode surface. This chemical modified electrode (CME) exhibits good stability in the CV and FIA. Linear sweep voltammetric measurement of Hb at the CME reveals a linear relationship between the oxidative peak current and the concentration of Hb in the range of 5.0 x 10^-7 - 1.5 x 10^-5 mol/L. The relative standard derivation (RSD) for six replicate measurements of 5.0 x 10^-6 mol/L Hb in FIA is 2.8%. The detection limit is 2.0 x 10^-7 mol/L. The reaction mechanism involves the hydrogen bond/salt bridge formation between the carboxylate of LA and the protonated lysine residues of Hb that can enhance the electron transfer reaction. It can be used to detect Hb in real examples.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2007-04-02 21:28:13',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:53:45',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1080/00032719808005293',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin at silver electrode modified by lipoic acid monolayer', Anal. Lett., 1998 31(13) 2159-2171',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'Di',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '014682',
			'authors' => 'Feng, L.;Che, G.;Dong, S.;Zhang, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Feng Lianyu, Che Guangli, Dong Shaojun, Zhang Yonghua',
			'title' => 'Glucose micro-enzyme sensor based on cobalt porphyrin-modifed microdisk array carbon fibre electrode',
			'journal' => 'Yingyong Huaxue',
			'journal_id' => '0913',
			'fadid' => 'YYHX1991V0008P00086',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '3',
			'startpage' => '86',
			'endpage' => '88',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1057;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0001;0069;0177;0527;0426;',
			'keywords' => ';0067;0205;',
			'abstract' => 'A Co tetraphenylporphyrin-modified microdisk array C-fiber electrode was prepared which showed catalytic activity for O reduction through linear voltammetry. A glucose (I) micro-enzyme electrode was fabricated based on the modified microelectrode and immobilized glucose oxidase. The response of the sensor was linear up to 13 mM I when used for amperometric detection in flow injection analysis; the detection limit was 2.4 mM and the response time was 40 s.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 18:27:53',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Changchun 130022 China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'yyhx.ciac.jl.cn/CN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=13453',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Glucose micro-enzyme sensor based on cobalt porphyrin-modifed microdisk array carbon fibre electrode', Yingyong Huaxue, 1991 8(3) 86-88',
			'firstchar' => 'G',
			'twochars' => 'Gl',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	)
)
$c = array(
	'id' => '014682',
	'authors' => 'Feng, L.;Che, G.;Dong, S.;Zhang, Y.',
	'authorsweb' => 'Feng Lianyu, Che Guangli, Dong Shaojun, Zhang Yonghua',
	'title' => 'Glucose micro-enzyme sensor based on cobalt porphyrin-modifed microdisk array carbon fibre electrode',
	'journal' => 'Yingyong Huaxue',
	'journal_id' => '0913',
	'fadid' => 'YYHX1991V0008P00086',
	'year' => '1991',
	'volume' => '8',
	'issue' => '3',
	'startpage' => '86',
	'endpage' => '88',
	'type' => 'Journal Article',
	'analytes' => ';1057;',
	'matrices' => '',
	'techniques' => ';0001;0069;0177;0527;0426;',
	'keywords' => ';0067;0205;',
	'abstract' => 'A Co tetraphenylporphyrin-modified microdisk array C-fiber electrode was prepared which showed catalytic activity for O reduction through linear voltammetry. A glucose (I) micro-enzyme electrode was fabricated based on the modified microelectrode and immobilized glucose oxidase. The response of the sensor was linear up to 13 mM I when used for amperometric detection in flow injection analysis; the detection limit was 2.4 mM and the response time was 40 s.',
	'language' => 'Chinese',
	'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
	'sjccheck' => 'No',
	'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
	'hits' => '0',
	'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 18:27:53',
	'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
	'pauthor_id' => null,
	'pauthor' => 'NA',
	'address' => 'Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Changchun 130022 China',
	'email' => 'NA',
	'notes' => null,
	'url' => 'yyhx.ciac.jl.cn/CN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=13453',
	'urltype' => 'absurl',
	'gotpdf' => 'no',
	'partial' => 'no',
	'notanalyte' => '',
	'citation' => ''Glucose micro-enzyme sensor based on cobalt porphyrin-modifed microdisk array carbon fibre electrode', Yingyong Huaxue, 1991 8(3) 86-88',
	'firstchar' => 'G',
	'twochars' => 'Gl',
	'CitationsTechnique' => array(
		'id' => '015455',
		'citation_id' => '014682',
		'technique_id' => '0527'
	),
	'Analyte' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '01057',
			'name' => 'Glucose',
			'iupac_name' => '(3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol',
			'casrn' => '50-99-7',
			'synonyms' => 'Corn sugar; D(+)-Glucopyranose; D-Glucose; D-(+)-Glucose; Dextrose; Glu; Glucose; Grape sugar;',
			'total' => '540',
			'inchi' => 'InChI=1S/C6H12O6/c7-1-3(9)5(11)6(12)4(10)2-8/h1,3-6,8-12H,2H2/t3-,4+,5+,6+/m0/s1',
			'inchikey' => 'WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N',
			'formula' => 'C6H12O6',
			'oxstate' => 'Zero',
			'url' => '',
			'charge' => '0',
			'class1' => 'Organic compound',
			'class2' => 'NA',
			'class3' => 'NA',
			'class4' => 'Molecule',
			'class5' => 'Sugars',
			'isgroup' => '',
			'checked' => 'yes',
			'citation_count' => '0',
			'updated' => '2015-10-23 09:58:51',
			'first' => 'G',
			'nametotal' => 'Glucose**540',
			'AnalytesCitation' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'Matrix' => array(),
	'Keyword' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '0067',
			'type' => 'Manifold process',
			'keyword' => 'Catalysis',
			'newKeyword' => '',
			'synonyms' => '',
			'fao' => '',
			'total' => '337',
			'first' => 'C',
			'keytotal' => 'Catalysis**337',
			'CitationsKeyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '0205',
			'type' => 'Immobilized substance',
			'keyword' => 'Immobilized enzyme',
			'newKeyword' => '',
			'synonyms' => '',
			'fao' => '',
			'total' => '800',
			'first' => 'I',
			'keytotal' => 'Immobilized enzyme**800',
			'CitationsKeyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	)
)
$i = (int) 6
$path = ''
$a = ''
$url = 'http://yyhx.ciac.jl.cn/CN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=13453'
$aus = 'Feng Lianyu, Che Guangli, Dong Shaojun, Zhang Yonghua'
include - APP/View/Elements/citation.ctp, line 40
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 971
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 933
View::_renderElement() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 1224
View::element() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 418
include - APP/View/Techniques/view.ctp, line 52
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 971
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 933
View::render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 473
Controller::render() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 968
Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 200
Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 167
[main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 109