"Speciation Of Antimony(III) And Antimony(V) Using Hydride Generation Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry Combined With The Rate Of Pre-reduction Of Antimony"
Anal. Chim. Acta 1999 Volume 386, Issue 3 Pages 297-304

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			'title' => 'A flow injection/hydride generation system for the determination of arsenic by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1984V0161P00275',
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			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic in glycerol by flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
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			'abstract' => 'Several micelle- and vesicle-forming substances were examined for use in the continuous-flow generation of plumbane. The best results were obtained with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (I) micelles and didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (II) vesicles. For the analyzes, the test solution (containing 0.1 mM I or 1 mM II), 2% HNO3 and aqueous 6% ammonium thiosulfate were merged in a four-channel union cross and the resulting solution was merged with 10% NaBH4 solution in aqueous 0.1% NaOH before passing to the grid nebulizer of an ICP spectrometer with a 40 MHz source unit. Best results were obtained with the I-containing system; the detection limit was 9 ng/ml and the RSD (n = 50) was 1.4% at 50 ng/ml. Interference studies for a range of elements and anions showed that Se, As, Hg and Sn were less troublesome in the presence of I. The method was applied to the determination of Pb in commercial apple, orange and pineapple juices without pre-treatment.',
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			'title' => 'Determination of germanium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with flow injection',
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			'keywords' => ';0173;0258;0440;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'The sample (20 to 40 mg) of single-crystal gallium arsenide was dissolved in HNO3 and the solution was diluted with water to 25 mL. A 1 mL aliquot was analyzed by a system (illustrated) consisting of a PTFE flow injection manifold by which the sample is mixed with sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.5), NaBH4 solution and Ar (carrier gas), and a gas - liquid separator, constructed from micro-porous PTFE (cf. Yamamoto et al., Anal. Chem., 1987, 59, 2446), that delivers the generated hydrides directly into the sample introduction tube of the ICP torch (central orifice 0.6 mm i.d.) for determination of Ge at 265.18 nm. The calibration graph was rectilinear for 1 ng mL-1 to 10 &micro;g mL-1 of Ge; the detection limit was 0.4 ng mL-1. By using the method of standard additions, recovery of 4 ng mL-1 of Ge from non-doped, Zn-doped and Si-doped gallium arsenide was satisfactory, but no indigenous Ge was detected. The method was also applied in the analysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (sample prep. described); recoveries were 90 to 120%, and 2.5 to 3.1 ng mL-1 of Ge was detected, which is better than the detection limit (5 ng mL-1) of the official method. The sample throughput was ~150 h-1.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '4',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:04',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Hiroshima Univ., Dept. Environ. Sci., Fac. Eng., Hiroshima 724 Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880300579',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of germanium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with flow injection', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(4) 579-582',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '008044',
			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Viczian, M.;Lasztity, A.;Barnes, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoru Wang, Miklos Viczian, Alexandra Lasztity and Ramon M. Barnes',
			'title' => 'Lead hydride generation for isotope analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P00821',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '821',
			'endpage' => '827',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1365;1364;2674;2675;',
			'matrices' => ';0962;0522;0732;0372;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;0356;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0322;0380;0462;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The hydride generator, which included a Thompson U-shaped glass phase separator or a porous PTFE tube separator, was coupled to a Sciex Elan 250 ICP-MS instrument. Generation and transfer of hydrides were optimized by flow injection ICP-MS; the best signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was obtained with 0.6% HCl, 5% of NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH solution and 1% of H2O2 (used for oxidation of Pb before hydride generation), and the optimum Ar flow rate was 1.46 l min-1. For standard solution containing 10 &micro;g L-1 of Pb, calibration graphs were obtained by the isotope-dilution technique for 204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb and 208Pb; the detection limits for each isotope were between 0.04 and 0.06 &micro;g l-1. The technique was applied in the determination of Pb in NBS SRM 1643 (trace elements in water); recovery was quantitative and the coefficient of variation was 1.2% (n = 3). Ion abundances were also determined in certified galena and Pb samples (prep. described). The PTFE phase separator gave greater SNR and less interference. Interference from Fe(III) and Cu(II) was serious, but could be overcome by addition of sulfosalicylic acid and NaCN to the NaBH4 solution. The hydride-generation technique had significantly greater sensitivity for Pb than that involving nebulization.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '9',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:11',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880300821',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Lead hydride generation for isotope analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(6) 821-827',
			'firstchar' => 'L',
			'twochars' => 'Le',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 7 => array(
			'id' => '008045',
			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Barnes, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoru Wang and Ramon M. Barnes',
			'title' => 'Microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane gas-liquid separator for flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P01091',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '8',
			'startpage' => '1091',
			'endpage' => '1095',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0322;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'A gas - liquid phase separator is described that contains a micro-porous PTFE membrane clamped between grooved aluminum plates and is equipped with two inlet and two outlet ports. With flow injection controlled AsH3 generation, flow rates of 0.3 l min-1 for Ar carrier gas and 0.8 mL min-1 for sample were chosen. With use of a pore size of 1 &micro;m and a PTFE membrane supported on non-woven polyester, rectilinear calibration graphs for both peak height and area were obtained in the range 25 to 200 ng mL-1 of As. With 40 &micro;L sample injections, a steady response signal was attained in ~3 s and the absolute detection limit (peak area) was ~1 pg of As. At 100 ng mL-1 of As the precision was 6%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:14',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880301091',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane gas-liquid separator for flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(8) 1091-1095',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 8 => array(
			'id' => '008046',
			'authors' => 'Barnes, R.M.;Wang, X.R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Ramon M. Barnes and Xiaoru Wang',
			'title' => 'Micro-porous polytetrafluoroethylene-tubing gas - liquid separator for hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P01083',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '8',
			'startpage' => '1083',
			'endpage' => '1089',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0302;0322;0380;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'For the determination of As by AsH3 generation - ICP-AES, a concentric gas - liquid phase separator based on micro-porous PTFE tubing was tested under both continuous and flow injection generation conditions. Various physical operating parameters, e.g., tubing diameter and porosity and carrier gas flow rate, were optimized, and performance matched that of conventional, dual-phase and packed-bead separators for both continuous and flow injection generation. With continuous generation a rectilinear calibration graph was obtained for the range 15 to 100 ng mL-1 of As. For a reference material certified at 76 &plusmn; 7 ng mL-1 of As, the determined content was 79.6 &plusmn; 4.2 ng mL-1.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '10',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:12',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880301083',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Micro-porous polytetrafluoroethylene-tubing gas - liquid separator for hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(8) 1083-1089',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 9 => array(
			'id' => '008057',
			'authors' => 'Menendez Garcia, A.;Sanchez Uria, J.E.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Alberto Men&eacute;ndez Garc&iacute;a, J. Enrique S&aacute;nchez Ur&iacute;a and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic in an organic phase by coupling continuous-flow extraction - hydride generation with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1989V0004P00581',
			'year' => '1989',
			'volume' => '4',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '581',
			'endpage' => '585',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0061;0093;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0153;0322;0217;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Arsenic is extracted (as AsI3) from sample solution into xylene in the presence of KI and HCl, and the extract is mixed with NaBH4 in DMF and acetic acid in a continuous-flow apparatus. The mixture is passed through a gas - liquid separator, and AsH3 is determined by ICP-AES at 228.81 nm. The calibration graph is rectilinear from 0.01 to 100 &micro;g mL-1. The coefficient of variation is 2.0% at 0.1 &micro;g mL-1 (n = 10). There is no interference by equal amounts of Pt, up to 17.5-fold amounts of Cu or up to 50-fold amounts of many metals, Se or Ge. The limit of detection is 0.7 ng mL-1. The method is applied to alloys and biological reference material.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '18',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:29',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Univ. Oviedo, Dept. Phys. and Anal. Chem., Fac. Chem., Oviedo Spain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9890400581',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic in an organic phase by coupling continuous-flow extraction - hydride generation with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1989 4(7) 581-585',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 10 => array(
			'id' => '008124',
			'authors' => 'Valdes Hevia y Temprano, M.C.;Fernandez De La Campa, M.R.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. C. Vald&eacute;s-Hevia y Temprano, M. R. Fern&aacute;ndez de la Campa and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Generation of volatile cadmium species with sodium tetrahydroborate from organized media: application to cadmium determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1993V0008P00847',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '847',
			'endpage' => '852',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0478;',
			'matrices' => ';0882;',
			'techniques' => ';0417;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0261;0342;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For the continuous-flow determination of Cd by hydride-generation ICP-AES, generation was with 4% NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH as reagent (0.75 ml/min) in a micellar medium of 0.01 mM didodecyldimethylammonium bromide in 0.4 M HCl (0.75 ml/min) to aid separation. A r.f. plasma with forward power of 900 W and detection at 214.44 nm was used. Calibration graphs were rectilinear for 1 &micro;g/ml of Cd with a detection limit of 1 ng/ml and RSD of 2.1% at 50 ng/ml of Cd. The method was applied to the determination of Cd in tea infusions containing 5.8-22 ng/ml of Cd.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '7',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:50:02',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9930800847',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Generation of volatile cadmium species with sodium tetrahydroborate from organized media: application to cadmium determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1993 8(6) 847-852',
			'firstchar' => 'G',
			'twochars' => 'Ge',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 11 => array(
			'id' => '008125',
			'authors' => 'Valdes Hevia y Temprano, M.C.;Fernandez De La Campa, M.R.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. C. Vald&eacute;s-Hevia y Temprano, M. R. Fern&aacute;ndez de la Campa and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Sensitive method for determination of lead by potassium dichromate-lactic acid hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1993V0008P00821',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '821',
			'endpage' => '825',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0355;0086;0862;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0380;0302;0440;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For the continuous-flow determination of Pb as PbH4 by hydride-generation ICP-AES, generation with use of 0.3% K2Cr2O7/3% lactic acid and 5% NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH as reagents was chosen and optimization of the detection limit was studied. With use of a r.f. forward power of 700 W and detection at 220.353 nm, a detection limit of 2 ng/ml of Pb was obtained with an RSD of 1.3% at 50 ng/ml. The cited method was applied to the determination of Pb in soft-drinks, sediment and lichen reference materials. Soft drinks, containing 11-66 ng/ml, were injected directly and Pb was determined with the aid of a standard-additions procedure.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '7',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:50:00',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00301',
			'pauthor' => '!Sanz Medel, A.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9930800821',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Sensitive method for determination of lead by potassium dichromate-lactic acid hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1993 8(6) 821-825',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Se',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 12 => array(
			'id' => '008150',
			'authors' => 'Uggerud, H.;Lund, W.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Hilde Uggerud and Walter Lund',
			'title' => 'Use of thiourea in the determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1995V0010P00405',
			'year' => '1995',
			'volume' => '10',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '405',
			'endpage' => '408',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;2138;2284;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A study was made of thiourea as an agent for the pre-reduction and masking of interferences in the multi-element determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Thiourea reduces arsenic and antimony from the pentavalent to the trivalent state, without preventing the determination of tetravalent selenium and tellurium. Thiourea also eliminates the interference from a number of metals in the determination of arsenic, antimony and bismuth, but it is not effective for selenium and tellurium.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:20:23',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Univ. Oslo, Dept. Chem., 0315 Oslo Norway',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9951000405',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Use of thiourea in the determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1995 10(5) 405-408',
			'firstchar' => 'U',
			'twochars' => 'Us',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 13 => array(
			'id' => '008186',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Saidman, E.;Marchevsky, E.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. MARTINEZ, E. SAIDMAN, E. MARCHEVSKY and R. OLSINA',
			'title' => 'Determination of selenium in geochemical samples by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry following online removal of iron interference by anion exchange',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1997V0012P00487',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '12',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '487',
			'endpage' => '490',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0428;0380;0520;0322;0217;0127;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A 0.5 g sample was acid-digested by the method of Subramanian (Fresenius' Z. Anal. Chem., 1981, 305, 382), the product was heated with HCl at 90&deg;C for 1 h to reduce Se(VI) to Se(IV), and the resulting solution was diluted to 25 mL. This solution was pumped into the manifold illustrated for retention of the Fe on a microcolumn of Dowex 1-X8, and then passed to an injection valve for injection of a 0.7 mL portion into a carrier stream of water that subsequently merged with streams of 6 M HCl and 0.6% NaBH4 solution. The hydride was then generated in a reaction coil and passed via a gas-liquid separator to the plasma in a stream of Ar. The calibration graph was linear up to 30 ng/ml of Se with a detection limit of 0.3 ng/ml. The RSD (n = 10) was 2% at 20 ng/ml of Se. The results for geochemical standard reference materials agreed well with the certified values.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '22',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:48:26',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Olsina, R.',
			'address' => 'Area de Qu&#305;mica Anal&#305;tica, Facultad de Qu&#305;mica, Bioqu&#305;mica y Farmacia; Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera, 5700-San Luis, Argentina',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/a606884g',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of selenium in geochemical samples by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry following online removal of iron interference by anion exchange', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1997 12(4) 487-490',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 14 => array(
			'id' => '008530',
			'authors' => 'Hwang, J.D.;Guenther, G.D.;Diomiguardi, J.P.',
			'authorsweb' => 'J. David Hwang, Gary D. Guenther, and John P. Diomiguardi',
			'title' => 'Hydride-generator system for a 1-kW inductively coupled plasma',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0499',
			'fadid' => 'ANCH1989V0061P00285',
			'year' => '1989',
			'volume' => '61',
			'issue' => '3',
			'startpage' => '285',
			'endpage' => '288',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;0433;0266;2138;2363;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A continuous-flow hydride-generation system is described for use with a 1-kW ICP. Acidified sample solution and NaBH4 solution are pumped continuously by a multi-channel peristaltic pump into the hydride generator, wherein the sample solution flows down the outside of the NaBH4 tube and mixes and reacts with the NaBH4 solution as it emerges, thereby overcoming the dilution effects that occur in conventional hydride-generation systems. Also, smaller amounts of gaseous by-products are produced, thereby yielding a more stable plasma. Detection limits were 0.1, 1.4, 0.6, 0.3 and 1 ng mL-1 for As, Bi, Sb, Se and Sn, respectively, which are 30 to 700 times better than obtained with pneumatic nebulization.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '3',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 18:35:26',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Hwang, J.D.',
			'address' => 'Occidental Chemical Corporation, Technology Center, 2801 Long Road, Grand Island, New York 14072 USA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1021/ac00178a021',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Hydride-generator system for a 1-kW inductively coupled plasma', Anal. Chem., 1989 61(3) 285-288',
			'firstchar' => 'H',
			'twochars' => 'Hy',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 15 => array(
			'id' => '008971',
			'authors' => 'Yokoi, K.;Kimura, M.;Itokawa, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Katsuhiko Yokoi, Mieko Kimura and Yoshinori Itokawa',
			'title' => 'Miniature hydride-generator system for inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1990V0336P00423',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '336',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '423',
			'endpage' => '424',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2363;1037;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0322;0109;0285;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'In the cited continuous-flow hydride-generator system (described and illustrated), sample solution is mixed with trichloroacetic acid solution and NaBH4 solution in NaOH and passed through a gas - liquid separator (diagram given). The generated hydrides were passed into the ICP by Ar carrier gas (1 l min-1). A Shimadzu ICPS-1000 II sequential plasma spectrometer was used to determine Sn and Ge at 189.989 and 209.423 nm, respectively. The detection limits were 30 and 150 pg mL-1 for Sn and Ge, respectively; ~100-fold better than those of conventional pneumatic nebulizer ICP-AES.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '2',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:38:20',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Yokoi, K.',
			'address' => 'Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-chou, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, 606 Kyoto, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00321893',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Miniature hydride-generator system for inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1990 336(5) 423-424',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 16 => array(
			'id' => '008990',
			'authors' => 'Schramel, P.;Xu, L.Q.',
			'authorsweb' => 'P. Schramel and Li-Qiang Xu',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tin in biological and environmental samples by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES without gas-liquid separator',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1991V0340P00041',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '340',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '41',
			'endpage' => '47',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;2138;2363;',
			'matrices' => ';0093;0404;',
			'techniques' => ';0416;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0285;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Arsenic, Sb, Bi, Se and Sn were simultaneously determined in samples by ICP-AES with use of the cited hydride-generation system (diagram given) at 1.5 kW. Samples were digested (i) under pressure with 70% HNO3 in a closed vessel at 170&deg;C for 10 h and (ii) with HNO3 - ClHO4 - H2SO4 (details given). Sample solution in 30% HCl - 20% HNO3 were mixed with a reductant solution consisting of 3% NaBH4 and 2% KI prior to nebulization in the ICP spectrometer and determination by AES. Interferences caused by Cu and Ni ions were eliminated with use of the reductant. In general results were in good agreement with certified values; detection limits were at the ng level.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '11',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 02:18:18',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '01281',
			'pauthor' => '!Schramel, P.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00324390',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tin in biological and environmental samples by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES without gas-liquid separator', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1991 340(1) 41-47',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 17 => array(
			'id' => '009109',
			'authors' => 'Menendez Garcia, A.;Perez Rodriguez, M.C.;Sanchez Uria, J.E.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'A. Men&eacute;ndez Garc&iacute;a, M. C. P&eacute;rez Rodr&iacute;guez, J. E. S&aacute;nchez Uria and A. Sanz-Medel ',
			'title' => 'Antimony(III) and antimony(V) separation and analytical speciation by a continuous tandem online separation device in connection with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1995V0353P00128',
			'year' => '1995',
			'volume' => '353',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '128',
			'endpage' => '132',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0267;0269;',
			'matrices' => ';0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0436;0217;0520;0260;0322;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For Sb(III) determination a stream of sample (0.75 ml/min) mixed with 0.2 M ammonium citrate/NaOH buffer solution of pH 6 was merged with a stream (0.7 ml/min) of 0.1% pyrrolidine-1-dithiocarboxylic acid ammonium salt and the resulting stream (1.45 ml/min) then merged with IBMK (0.5 ml/min) at a solvent segmenter. Extraction took place in an extraction coil (270 cm x 0.7 mm i.d.) and the consecutive organic and aqueous segments were separated at a membrane phase separator. The aqueous phase as collected for Sb(V) determinations and the organic phase was mixed with glacial acetic acid (1 ml/min) and 2% sodium tetrahydroborate in DMF (0.5 ml/min) for stibine generation. The stibine formed was transferred to the ICP torch by Ar (0.3 l/min) and Sb was monitored at 217.58 nm. For Sb(V) determination the aqueous phase collected above was acidified with HCl to give a final concentration of 3 M HCl and mixed with 2% KI. The resulting solution was used for hydride generation ICP-AES with 1% NaBH4. The calibration graph was linear up to 100 &micro;g/ml with detection limits of 3 ng/ml of Sb(III) and 8 ng/ml of Sb(V). RSD (n = 10) were 4% for 100 ng/ml Sb(III) and 5% for 100 ng/ml Sb(V). Interferences by ions found in sea and estuarine water was tabulated and discussed. The method was applied to Sb determination in seawater.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '8',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:19:55',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00301',
			'pauthor' => '!Sanz Medel, A.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00322945',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Antimony(III) and antimony(V) separation and analytical speciation by a continuous tandem online separation device in connection with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1995 353(2) 128-132',
			'firstchar' => 'A',
			'twochars' => 'An',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 18 => array(
			'id' => '009114',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Baucells, M.;Pelfort, E.;Roura, M.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. Martinez, M. Baucells, E. Pelfort, M. Roura, R. Olsina',
			'title' => 'Removal of iron interference in the determination of selenium in geological samples by continuous-flow hydride generation ICP-AES',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1996V0354P00126',
			'year' => '1996',
			'volume' => '354',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '126',
			'endpage' => '127',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0380;0217;',
			'abstract' => 'Samples (0.5 g) were digested with 6 mL HCl and 2 mL HNO3, the mixture was cooled, 5 mL HClO4 and 10 mL HF were added and the mixture was left overnight. The solution was evaporated until fumes of HClO4 ceased. This step was repeated until complete solution was obtained, the liquid was treated with 4 mL water and 2 mL HNO3 and diluted to 20 mL with water. The pH was adjusted to 0.5-2 with NH3, 10 mL 2% aqueous ammonium pyrrolidine-1-yl-dithioformate was added and the Fe(III) complex formed was extracted into 10 mL CHCl3. This step was repeated until the extracts were colorless. The aqueous phase was heated with 1 mL HNO3, the Se(VI) was reduced to Se(IV) by heating in 6 M HCl at 60&deg;C for 30 min and the solution was diluted to a suitable volume. In the flow system, 0.6% NaBH4 in 0.5% NaOH was pumped at 1 ml/min, 6 M HCl at 1 ml/min and the sample solution at 6 ml/min. After mixing in a reaction coil, the solution was transferred to a gas-liquid separator and the gas phase was transported into the ICP-AES with Ar (90 ml/min) for measurement. The detection limit was 0.15 ng/ml of Se. Recovery of 50 and 300 ng of Se averaged 96 &plusmn; 2.8% and 99 &plusmn; 1.1% respectively. Satisfactory results were obtained on three certified samples.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-07-28 10:15:02',
			'hits' => '1',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-24 16:56:35',
			'urlcheckcode' => '',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Roura, M.',
			'address' => 'Serveis Cientifico-T&eagrave;cnics, Universitat de Barcelona, Lluis Sole i Sabar&iacute;s 1-3, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'NA SJC 102414 Contact Springer',
			'url' => 'NA',
			'urltype' => 'NA',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Removal of iron interference in the determination of selenium in geological samples by continuous-flow hydride generation ICP-AES', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1996 354(1) 126-127',
			'firstchar' => 'R',
			'twochars' => 'Re',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 19 => array(
			'id' => '009153',
			'authors' => 'Jamoussi, B.;Zafzouf, M.;Ben Hassine, B.',
			'authorsweb' => '. Jamoussi, M. Zafzouf and B. Ben Hassine',
			'title' => 'Interferences by transition metals and their elimination by cyanide as a complexing agent in the determination of arsenic using continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES system',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1996V0356P00331',
			'year' => '1996',
			'volume' => '356',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '331',
			'endpage' => '334',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The suppressing effects of ppm amounts of Cu, Pb, Co, Au, Pd, and Ni in the determination of As by hydride-generation (HG) ICP-AES were eliminated by use of cyanide as masking agent. In the determination of As by continuous-flow HG ICP-AES, 0.1 M KCN (2.5 ml/min) was mixed with 2% NaBH4 in 1% NaOH (2.5 ml/min), and the mixture was combined with the sample stream (2.75 ml/min) in a V-shaped reaction vessel, and the resulting AsH3 was swept by Ar, via a water condenser, into the ICP source (operating conditions tabulated) and the intensity of the As emission was recorded at 279.55 nm. Under the cited conditions up to 100 &micro;g/ml of the interfering elements could be tolerated. The limit of detection was 0.82 ng/ml of As, and for 50 ng/ml of As the RSD was 1.3% (n = 10).',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:35:40',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Ben Hassine, B.',
			'address' => 'Facult&eacute; des Sciences de Monastir D&eacute;partment de Chimie, 5000 Monastir, Tunisie',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/s0021663560331',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Interferences by transition metals and their elimination by cyanide as a complexing agent in the determination of arsenic using continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES system', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1996 356(5) 331-334',
			'firstchar' => 'I',
			'twochars' => 'In',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 20 => array(
			'id' => '009183',
			'authors' => 'Feng, Y.L.;Narasaki, H.;Chen, H.Y.;Tian, L.C.',
			'authorsweb' => ' Yong-Lai Feng, H. Narasaki, Hong-Yuan Chen, Li-Ching Tian',
			'title' => 'Semi-automatic determination of tin in marine materials by continuous-flow hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1997V0357P00822',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '357',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '822',
			'endpage' => '826',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2363;',
			'matrices' => ';0404;0714;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0086;0109;0217;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Sample (1.25 g) was equilibrated overnight with 15 mL 68% HNO3 and 2 mL 70% HClO4, then digested by heating with 0.5 mL concentrated H2SO4. The resulting solution was adjusted to pH 3.5 with 4 M NaOH and passed through a DIAION SA 10A anion-exchange resin column (15 cm x 8 mm i.d.; Mitsubishi Kasei Corp., Tokyo, Japan). The eluate was mixed with 3.5 mL 3 M H2SO4 and 2.5 mL 10% L-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate, diluted to 25 mL and then analyzed for Sn by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES at 189.93 nm (operating conditions given). The detection limit was 0.4 ng/mL Sn and the RSD (n = 10) was 0.5%. The effects of varying the H2SO4, NaBH4 (hydride-generating reagent) and NaOH concentrations, Ar (carrier gas) and NaBH4 flow rates and the ratio of flow rates of sample solution and NaBH4 were investigated (results presented). The effects of interferents were also investigated, along with seven methods for masking interference (results tabulated). The method was applied to an environmental (marine) CRM. The result agreed with the certified value and the RSD (n = 6) was 0.95%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '19',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:47:33',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => '?',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/s002160050256',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Semi-automatic determination of tin in marine materials by continuous-flow hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1997 357(7) 822-826',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Se',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 21 => array(
			'id' => '009184',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Baucells, M.;Pelfort, E.;Roura, M.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. Martinez, M. Baucells, E. Pelfort, M. Roura, R. Olsina',
			'title' => 'Selenium determination by hydride-generation ICP-AES: elimination of iron interferences by means of an ion-exchange resin in a continuous-flow system',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1997V0357P00850',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '357',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '850',
			'endpage' => '852',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0428;0380;0520;0322;0217;0127;0385;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'Sample solution prepared from geological materials (details given) was subjected to online SPE on a Dowex 50W-X8 cation-exchange column (5-10 cm x 3 mm i.d.) at 2 ml/min to remove Fe. A portion (500 &micro;L) of the extract was injected into a water stream (6 ml/min), which merged with a stream (1 ml/min) of 6N-HCl and a stream (1 ml/min) of 0.6% NaBH4. The flow passed through a reaction coil (dimensions not given) and into a gas-liquid separator. Volatile hydrides were carried in Ar (90 ml/min) into a plasma torch for ICP-AES determination of Se (operating conditions given). The column eliminated interference from 2.5 mg/ml Fe in the determination of 20 ng/ml Se. The detection limit ws 0.4 ng/ml Se, recoveries were 98-99.5% and the RSD (n = 10) was 2%. Calibration details are not given. The method was applied to geological CRM. The results agreed with the certified values.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-07-28 10:15:57',
			'hits' => '18',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:47:36',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00344',
			'pauthor' => '!Martinez, L.D.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/s002160050261',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Selenium determination by hydride-generation ICP-AES: elimination of iron interferences by means of an ion-exchange resin in a continuous-flow system', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1997 357(7) 850-852',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Se',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 22 => array(
			'id' => '009391',
			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Zhuang, Z.X.;Yang, P.Y.;Huang, B.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Wang X. O., Zhuang Z. X., Yang P. Y. and Huang B. L.',
			'title' => 'Hyphenated techniques combined with atomic spectrometry for environmental studies',
			'journal' => 'Microchem. J.',
			'journal_id' => '0639',
			'fadid' => 'MCHJ1995V0051P00088',
			'year' => '1995',
			'volume' => '51',
			'issue' => '1-2',
			'startpage' => '88',
			'endpage' => '98',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1471;1466;',
			'matrices' => ';0852;0882;0394;0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0038;0256;0455;0461;0465;0481;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0389;0097;0434;0520;0436;0475;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The development and application of hyphenated techniques combined with atomic spectrometries for environmental analysis at Xiamen University, China, are described. The techniques include: flow injection online microcolumns combined with AAS, GFAAS, ICP AFS and ICP-AES for trace and ultratrace analysis of water; flow injection online solvent extraction combined with AAS and ICP-AES; flow injection online hydride generation for the elemental analysis of Chinese herbs and rain by AAS and ICP-AES; flow injection online coprecipitation-dissolution for the determination of trace heavy metals in seawater and rain by GFAAS and ICP-AES; and HPLC combined with ICP-AES for multielement speciation analysis of Chinese tea.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '40',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:22:10',
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			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Xiamen Univ., Dept. Chem., Res. Center Environ. Sci., Xiamen 361005 China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1006/mchj.1995.1012',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Hyphenated techniques combined with atomic spectrometry for environmental studies', Microchem. J., 1995 51(1-2) 88-98',
			'firstchar' => 'H',
			'twochars' => 'Hy',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 23 => array(
			'id' => '009493',
			'authors' => 'Yokoi, K.;Kimura, M.;Itokawa, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Katsuhiko Yokoi, Mieko Kimura and Yoshinori Itokawa',
			'title' => 'Determination of tin in biological samples using gaseous hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Biochem.',
			'journal_id' => '0570',
			'fadid' => 'ANBI1990V0190P00071',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '190',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '71',
			'endpage' => '77',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2363;',
			'matrices' => ';0219;0194;0210;0259;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0118;0322;0109;0520;0520;0231;',
			'abstract' => 'Liver, brain, testis or kidney was homogenized and heated with HNO3 and HClO4 in Kjeldahl flasks until white fumes appeared. Water was added with heating until the solution was clear and colorless. An aliquot of the solution was treated with trichloroacetic acid (I) and diluted with water to 0.2% in I. This solution was mixed, in a continuous-flow hydride-generation system (diagram given), with 1% I solution and then with 0.5% NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH solution and passed through a gas - liquid separator (design presented) and the hydride, in an Ar-stream, was determined by ICP-AES at 189.989 nm. The limit of detection was 30 pg mL-1 of Sn, mean recovery was 87 to 99% and the coefficient of variation was 1.2%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:35:44',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-chou, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0003-2697(90)90135-V',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of tin in biological samples using gaseous hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Anal. Biochem., 1990 190(1) 71-77',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 24 => array(
			'id' => '010562',
			'authors' => 'Nakahara, T.;Nakanishi, K.;Wasa, T.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Taketoshi Nakahara, Kuniyuki Nakanishi and Tamotsu Wasa',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace concentrations of bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with hydride generation',
			'journal' => 'Spectrochim. Acta B',
			'journal_id' => '0650',
			'fadid' => 'SCAB1987V0042P00119',
			'year' => '1987',
			'volume' => '42',
			'issue' => '1-2',
			'startpage' => '119',
			'endpage' => '128',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0433;',
			'matrices' => ';0044;0727;0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;0416;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0380;0440;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The continuous-flow hydride-generation apparatus used was as described previously (Anal. Chim. Acta, 1981, 131, 73; Appl. Spectrosc., 1983, 37, 539). The sample solution in 1 M HCl and 1% NaBH4 solution in 1% NaOH were pumped at 16 and 5.5 mL min-1, respectively, and the BiH3 evolved was carried to the ICP in a stream of Ar for the emission intensity at 223.06 nm to be measured. The instrumental coefficient of variation (n = 10) for 0.5, 2, 20 and 200 ng mL-1 of Bi were 3.5, 2.8, 2.2 and 1.3%, respectively, the limit of detection was 0.35 ng mL-1, and a graph of emission intensity vs. log. Bi concentration. was rectilinear for ~1 ng mL-1 to ~10 &micro;g mL-1. The method of standard additions was used for actual determinations, in the presence of 0.1 M thiourea to minimize interference. Results for various geological reference standards, standard copper and standard aluminum alloys (digestion procedures described) agreed well with reported or certified values.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '22',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:28:56',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00271',
			'pauthor' => '!Nakahara, T.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0584-8547(87)80055-1',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace concentrations of bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with hydride generation', Spectrochim. Acta B, 1987 42(1-2) 119-128',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 25 => array(
			'id' => '010579',
			'authors' => 'Tao, H.;Boyko, V.J.;McLaren, J.W.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Hiroaki Tao*, Victor J. Boyko and James W. Mclaren',
			'title' => 'Improvements in the signal-to-background ratio with hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Spectrochim. Acta B',
			'journal_id' => '0650',
			'fadid' => 'SCAB1993V0048P01339',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '48',
			'issue' => '11',
			'startpage' => '1339',
			'endpage' => '1345',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0253;0409;',
			'abstract' => 'An investigation of the effects of torch position and of diameter of the central tube of the ICP torch on signal-to-background ratio and reflected power in hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry has identified conditions under which a stable plasma can be sustained at only 0.5 kW with a five times better signal-to-background ratio for Se than could be obtained at 1.4 kW. The improved performance is attributed to a more efficient introduction of hydrogen to the central channel of the plasma. [References: 15]',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:55:15',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => '!Mclaren, J.W.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0584-8547(93)80122-B',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Improvements in the signal-to-background ratio with hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Spectrochim. Acta B, 1993 48(11) 1339-1345',
			'firstchar' => 'I',
			'twochars' => 'Im',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 26 => array(
			'id' => '010674',
			'authors' => 'Tao, H.;Miyazaki, A.;Bansho, K.',
			'authorsweb' => 'H. TAO, A. MIYAZAKI and K. BANSHO',
			'title' => 'Hydride-generation system with a hydrogen separation membrane for low-power inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Sci.',
			'journal_id' => '0963',
			'fadid' => 'ANSC1990V0006P00195',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '6',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '195',
			'endpage' => '199',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;1037;0266;2363;',
			'matrices' => 'NA',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0109;0058;0349;0253;',
			'abstract' => 'A hydrogen separation membrane module is described consisting of hollow aromatic polyimide fibers. The module, operated at ~90&deg;C, was connected to a continuous-flow hydride generator (diagram given) for removal of H before analysis of the hydrides by ICP-AES with Ar as carrier gas. Detection limits obtained for As, Ge, Hg, Sb and Sn are tabulated. The coefficient of variation were 1% at 50 ng mL-1 of each element. Calibration graphs were rectilinear from the detection limit to 100 &micro;g mL-1. Online pre-concentration with use of the module could not be carried out with He instead of Ar as carrier gas beause He permeated the membrane reducing its flow rate.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-07-05 22:44:26',
			'hits' => '4',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:36:13',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Bansho, K.',
			'address' => 'National Research Institute for Pollution and Resources, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.2116/analsci.6.195',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Hydride-generation system with a hydrogen separation membrane for low-power inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry', Anal. Sci., 1990 6(2) 195-199',
			'firstchar' => 'H',
			'twochars' => 'Hy',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 27 => array(
			'id' => '010920',
			'authors' => 'Li, Z.;McIntosh, S.A.;Slavin, W.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Zhang Li, Susan McIntosh and Walter Slavin',
			'title' => 'Simultaneous determination of hydride and non-hydride forming elements by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Proc.',
			'journal_id' => '0866',
			'fadid' => 'ANPR1992V0029P00438',
			'year' => '1992',
			'volume' => '29',
			'issue' => '10',
			'startpage' => '438',
			'endpage' => '439',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;2138;0266;0433;0478;0642;0684;1293;1430;1575;1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0962;0961;0965;0350;0058;0372;0559;0395;0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0481;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0380;0158;0285;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'Arsenic, Se, Sb, Bi, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb were determined in the NIST environmental standard reference materials steel, coal fly ash, urban particulated and 1643b water by ICP-AES. A Perkin-Elmer FIAS-2000 flow injection system was used for hydride generation (experimental conditions tabulated). The sample solution was split into two streams, one being pumped directly to the nebulizer, the other mixed with HCl and NaBH4 solution in the mixing tubes of the chemifold. After separation, the hydride was swept into the spray chamber through a slightly modified cross-flow nebulizer cap. The hydride was then carried into the plasma together with sample aerosol. Recoveries of 20 &micro;g L-1 of As, Sb and Se and 50 &micro;g L-1 of non-hydride forming elements in river- and seawater standards were >80%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '34',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:34:12',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '01441',
			'pauthor' => '!Slavin, W.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/AP9922900436',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Simultaneous determination of hydride and non-hydride forming elements by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Anal. Proc., 1992 29(10) 438-439',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Si',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 28 => array(
			'id' => '010986',
			'authors' => 'Sanz Medel, A.;Menendez Garcia, A.;Fernandez, M.L.;Sanchez Uria, J.E.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Tandem online separations: an alternative sample presentation in atomic spectrometry for ultra-trace analysis',
			'journal' => 'Acta Chim. Hung.',
			'journal_id' => '1039',
			'fadid' => 'ACHH1991V0128P00551',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '128',
			'issue' => '4-5',
			'startpage' => '551',
			'endpage' => '558',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0130;0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0058;0167;',
			'techniques' => ';0452;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0153;0349;0475;',
			'abstract' => 'The coupling of continuous-separation - pre-concentration. devices with atomic spectrometers for ultra-trace elementary analysis is discussed. Simple systems are first outlined, including solid - liquid and liquid - liquid online flow injection extraction coupled with AAS or ICP-AES for Al determination in biological fluids, and continuous gas - liquid separation coupled with ICP-AES for As determination in steel and as an introduction device for S2- determination in a microwave plasma. Examples are then given of tandem configurations in which two different continuous separation units are combined in a single online configuration. A tandem online device based on continuous extraction combined with hydride generation and coupled with ICP-AES for direct As, Sb and I- determinations is described, as well as a continuous liquid - liquid extraction device coupled with ICP-AES or AAS for indirect I- determination. Results show that many sensitivity and selectivity limitations of ultra-trace analysis can be overcome by the use of tandem online separation techniques.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2013-10-31 04:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2013-10-31 04:00:00',
			'urlcheckcode' => '',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'NA SJC 103113',
			'url' => 'NA',
			'urltype' => 'NA',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Tandem online separations: an alternative sample presentation in atomic spectrometry for ultra-trace analysis', Acta Chim. Hung., 1991 128(4-5) 551-558',
			'firstchar' => 'T',
			'twochars' => 'Ta',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 29 => array(
			'id' => '011570',
			'authors' => 'Etoh, M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic and selenium in coal and fly ash by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES',
			'journal' => 'Bunseki Kagaku',
			'journal_id' => '0965',
			'fadid' => 'BUNK1987V0036P00T95',
			'year' => '1987',
			'volume' => '36',
			'issue' => '9',
			'startpage' => 'T95',
			'endpage' => 'T99',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0558;0559;',
			'techniques' => ';0416;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;',
			'abstract' => 'Coal was digested with HNO4 and HClO3 and fly ash was digested with HNO3 and H2SO4. The As and Se were separated from co-existing elements (except for Sb, Sn and Ge) by distillation with HBr and Br. Arsenic and Se were determined by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES. Recoveries were 98 to 104%, and coefficient of variation were 2.4 to 3.5 and 2.7 to 4.5%, respectively, for As and Se. Tin, Sb and Ge did not interfere at concentration. present in the samples used.',
			'language' => 'Japanese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:14:38',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Etoh, M.',
			'address' => 'Nippon Engelhard Ltd., Ichikawa Lab., Ichikawa-shi, Chiba 272 Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.2116/bunsekikagaku.36.9_T95',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic and selenium in coal and fly ash by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES', Bunseki Kagaku, 1987 36(9) T95-T99',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 30 => array(
			'id' => '012302',
			'authors' => 'Chen, H.;Jiang, Z.C.;Kong, L.Y.;Zeng, Y.N.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Chen Hao;Jiang Zucheng;Kong Linying;Zen Yun'e',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace amounts of arsenic by flow injection analysis - hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectroscopy',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Ceshi Tongbao',
			'journal_id' => '0878',
			'fadid' => 'FXCT1990V0009P00009',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '9',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '9',
			'endpage' => '14',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0285;0217;0109;0302;',
			'abstract' => 'A double capillary nebulizer was used to generate the hydride of the analyte. Factors affecting line intensity in the flow injection system were investigated. The effects of several inorganic acids, their acidity and inter-element interference effects were examined. Under optimum conditions the detection limit of As was 5.2 mg mL-1; the coefficient of variation was 1.48% for 2 &micro;g mL-1 (n = 10). Recoveries of Al from NaCl and AlCl3.xH2O were >95%.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
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			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 17:49:33',
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			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, The Center of Test and Measurement, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-TEST199001003.htm',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
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			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace amounts of arsenic by flow injection analysis - hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectroscopy', Fenxi Ceshi Tongbao, 1990 9(1) 9-14',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
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		(int) 31 => array(
			'id' => '012384',
			'authors' => 'Gao, H.;Li, K.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic, antimony and bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with flow injection analysis and hydride generation',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Huaxue',
			'journal_id' => '1033',
			'fadid' => 'FXHX1991V0019P01285',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '19',
			'issue' => '11',
			'startpage' => '1285',
			'endpage' => '1287',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;',
			'matrices' => ';0536;0552;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0440;',
			'abstract' => 'A 0.175-g ore or rock sample was wetted with a little water and then dissolved in 9 mL of HCl plus 3 mL of HNO3 and 1 mL of H2SO4 (1:1); after evaporation to fumes and cooling, 2.5 mL of HCl, 5 mL of 10% KI - 5% ascorbic acid - 5% thiourea solution and water were added to 25 mL. The solution was then carried at a flow-rate of 11 mL min-1 to react with 1% KBH4 solution (containing 0.2% of NaOH) at 5.5 mL min-1 in the flow injection system (diagram pesented), and the generated hydrides were carried by Ar (0.6 l min-1) for separation by a gas separator before passing to a direct-reading spectrometer for ICP-AES determination of As, Sb and Bi with measurement at 193.76, 217.5 and 306.7 nm, respectively. By the standard-additions method, recoveries were 94 to 107%. Determination ranges for As, Sb and Bi were up to 1000, 300 and 300 &micro;g g-1, respectively, and their corresponding detection limits were 0.2, 0.2 and 0.1 &micro;g g-1. Masking agents could be used to increase tolerance levels of the co-existing ions; background interferences in the gas phase could be corrected for.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
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			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 13:36:20',
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			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'Checked SP 06/09/98',
			'url' => '210.14.121.5:8080/fxhx/homeAction!downloadArticleFile.action?attachType=PDF&id=8773',
			'urltype' => 'pdfurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic, antimony and bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with flow injection analysis and hydride generation', Fenxi Huaxue, 1991 19(11) 1285-1287',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
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		),
		(int) 32 => array(
			'id' => '012429',
			'authors' => 'Wang, H.N.;Chen, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace arsenic in copper alloy by online flow injection - hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Huaxue',
			'journal_id' => '1033',
			'fadid' => 'FXHX1994V0022P00816',
			'year' => '1994',
			'volume' => '22',
			'issue' => '8',
			'startpage' => '816',
			'endpage' => '818',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0048;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0217;0385;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'Sample (1 g) was decomposed with 6 mL HNO3 and the pH was adjusted to 1 and diluted to 100 mL with water. The solution was injected into the analysis system and transferred by a stream of water at 1.6 ml/min to a column (5 cm x 5 mm i.d.) of cation-exchange resin and eluted with 2.2 M HCl at 4.4 ml/min; the eluate was mixed with 2.2 M HCl at 1.6 ml/min treated with 1% NaBH4 at 1 ml/min. The generated hydride was directly determined by ICP with measurement at 228.8 nm. The detection limit was 0.9 &micro;g/g. Interference from up to 10 mg/ml of Cu(II) could be eliminated. Recovery was 102-104%. Sampling frequency was 25 runs/h.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
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			'hits' => '0',
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			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Harbin Univ. Technol., Anal. ^amp Measurement Centre, Harbin 150006, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'CHECKED SC 12/23/98;Checked AP 06/08/98',
			'url' => '210.14.121.5:8080/fxhx/homeAction!downloadArticleFile.action?attachType=PDF&id=7635',
			'urltype' => 'pdfurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
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			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace arsenic in copper alloy by online flow injection - hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fenxi Huaxue, 1994 22(8) 816-818',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
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		(int) 33 => array(
			'id' => '012528',
			'authors' => 'Yu, X.;Chen, J.G.;Wang, S.Q.;Liao, Z.H.;Jiang, Z.C.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Yu Xin, Chen Jianguo, Wang Songqing, Liao Zhenhuan, Jiang Zucheng',
			'title' => 'Online determination of trace lead in high-salt food by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Kexue Xuebao',
			'journal_id' => '0880',
			'fadid' => 'FXKX1997V0013P00026',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '13',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '26',
			'endpage' => '29',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0415;1013;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0322;0440;',
			'abstract' => 'Salted vegetable (10 g) was homogenized then digested with 8 mL HNO3/HClO4 and evaporated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in 7.5 mL 0.5 M HCl and diluted with water to 25 mL. A 300 &micro;L portion of the solution was injected into the required setup (diagram illustrated) and flowed with a carrier stream of water at 3 ml/min to react with 15% H2O2 to oxidise lower valent Pb to high valent Pb before reaction with a stream of 4% NaBH4 in 0.8% NaOH at 1.5 ml/min, transferring to the gas-liquid separator, and detection of Pb in the Ar flow by ICP-AES with measurement at 220.35 nm. The calibration graph was linear from 0.005-1 &micro;g/ml Pb, with a detection limit of 1.6 ng/ml. When determining 50 ng/ml Pb, the RSD (n = 7) was 1.2%. By the standard-additions method, recoveries were 96.3-101.4%. The method was used in the analysis of e.g. pickled cabbage.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2013-12-14 05:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 17:50:45',
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			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Chemistry Department of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-FXKX702.005.htm',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Online determination of trace lead in high-salt food by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fenxi Kexue Xuebao, 1997 13(2) 26-29',
			'firstchar' => 'O',
			'twochars' => 'On',
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		(int) 34 => array(
			'id' => '012604',
			'authors' => 'Yu, X.;Chen, J.;Wang, S.;Liao, Z.;Jiang, Z.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Simultaneous determination of trace arsenic, antimony and bismuth in electrolytic copper sample by flow injection hydride generation coupled with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Shiyanshi',
			'journal_id' => '0881',
			'fadid' => 'FXSS1998V0017P00057',
			'year' => '1998',
			'volume' => '17',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '57',
			'endpage' => '59',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;0266;0433;',
			'matrices' => ';0727;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0420;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The technique of flow injection hydride generation coupled with ICP-AES and its application on determining trace As, Sb and Bi in electrolytic Cu was studied. An effective method was established, the relative standard deviation for determination of As, Sb, Bi was 2.3, 1.8, 2.8% (n = 11), and the detection limit was 0.3, 0.3, 1.15 &micro;g/g respectively.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-23 18:04:10',
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			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Dept. Chem., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan 430072, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'Checked SC 06/24/99',
			'url' => 'en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-FXSY801.016.htm',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Simultaneous determination of trace arsenic, antimony and bismuth in electrolytic copper sample by flow injection hydride generation coupled with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Fenxi Shiyanshi, 1998 17(1) 57-59',
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		(int) 35 => array(
			'id' => '014198',
			'authors' => 'Campbell, A.D.',
			'authorsweb' => 'A. D. Campbell',
			'title' => 'A critical survey of hydride generation techniques in atomic spectroscopy',
			'journal' => 'Pure Appl. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0763',
			'fadid' => 'PACH1992V0064P00227',
			'year' => '1992',
			'volume' => '64',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '227',
			'endpage' => '244',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;1037;1359;2138;2284;2363;',
			'matrices' => 'NA',
			'techniques' => ';0465;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0389;0520;0217;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A review with 134 references. Formation of the hydrides of antimony, arsenic, bismuth, germanium, lead, selenium, tellurium and tin by reaction with sodium tetrahydroborate(III) affords an excellent method for the separation of these elements as gases from a wide range of matrixes. Excellent low limits of detection are attained when this separation method is combined with atomization of the hydride in a heated quartz tube in the optical axis of a conventional atomic absorption spectrometer but there are many interferences to contend with both at the hydride generation stage and in the atomization process. Hydride generation is also used in conjunction with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectrometers. It is particularly useful for the determination of arsenic and selenium which suffer considerable spectral interferences caused by radicals in flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Implications of recent advances in the application of this separation procedure for the determination of hydride forming elements by atomic absorption and also ICP atomic emission spectrog. techniques are discussed.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-08-15 12:29:57',
			'hits' => '30',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:41:30',
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			'pauthor' => 'Campbell, A.D.',
			'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Box 46, Dunedin, New Zealand',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1351/pac199264020227',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''A critical survey of hydride generation techniques in atomic spectroscopy', Pure Appl. Chem., 1992 64(2) 227-244',
			'firstchar' => 'A',
			'twochars' => 'A ',
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		(int) 36 => array(
			'id' => '014393',
			'authors' => 'Hu, M.;Huang, Q.;Xia, H.;Tong, S.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace arsenic and mercury in drink by hydride generation-ICP-AES',
			'journal' => 'Sichuan Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)',
			'journal_id' => '0904',
			'fadid' => 'SDXB1996V0033P00419',
			'year' => '1996',
			'volume' => '33',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '419',
			'endpage' => '423',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;1447;',
			'matrices' => ';0091;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0440;',
			'abstract' => 'A method for simultaneous determination of trace concentrations of As and Hg in drink have been investigated by continuous-flow mode hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The influence of operating conditions on the result of analysis is discussed. The proposed method is sensitive, accurate and easy to operate. The relative standard deviation is less than 5% if the concentration is 0.05-0.1 mg/L. The recovery of standard addition is 87-100%.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2006-05-20 19:26:21',
			'urlcheckcode' => '',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Anal. Testing Cent., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'NA',
			'urltype' => 'NA',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace arsenic and mercury in drink by hydride generation-ICP-AES', Sichuan Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban), 1996 33(4) 419-423',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			'Keyword' => array(
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		(int) 37 => array(
			'id' => '014719',
			'authors' => 'Hara, S.;Hayashi, N.;Hirano, S.;Zhong, X.N.;Yasuda, S.;Komae, H.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Sigeki Hara, Nanao Hayashi, Sigeo Hirano, Xi-Ning Zhong, Shigejiro Yasuda, and Hisashi Komae',
			'title' => 'Determination of germanium in some plants and animals',
			'journal' => 'Z. Naturforsch. C',
			'journal_id' => '1457',
			'fadid' => 'ZSNC1990V0045P01250',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '45',
			'issue' => '11-12',
			'startpage' => '1250',
			'endpage' => '1251',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1037;',
			'matrices' => ';0889;0262;',
			'techniques' => ';0415;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0342;',
			'abstract' => 'The Ge contents of plants and animals were investigated by a wet ashing procedure by hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry with flow injection. The analytical results obtained indicated that Ge contents widely vary in plant and animal kingdoms in the range of 8-302 ppb.',
			'language' => 'German',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 13:20:57',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Hayashi, N.',
			'address' => 'Study of Environmental Science, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 730, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'www.znaturforsch.com/ac/v45c/45c1250.pdf',
			'urltype' => 'pdfurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of germanium in some plants and animals', Z. Naturforsch. C, 1990 45(11-12) 1250-1251',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
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		(int) 38 => array(
			'id' => '016561',
			'authors' => 'Hou, H.B.;Narasaki, N.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Hong-bing Hou And Hisatake Narasaki',
			'title' => 'Differential Determination of Antimony(III) and Antimony(V) by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry with Hydride Generation',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Sci.',
			'journal_id' => '0963',
			'fadid' => 'ANSC1998V0014P01161',
			'year' => '1998',
			'volume' => '14',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '1161',
			'endpage' => '1164',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0267;0269;',
			'matrices' => 'NA',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0436;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'In this study, antimony(III) and antimony(V) were determined differentially by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The total antimony was determined in 25 mL of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid solution after reducing antimony(V) with 1 mL of 1% potassium iodide solution, while antimony(III) was determined in 0.1 M citric acid whose pH was adjusted to 5.5. Hydride gas generated in a mixing coil was separated in a gas-liquid separator which was closed with an electromagnetic pinch valve and then swept continuously into the torch of an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer. The system was operated with variable-speed peristaltic pumps by manipulating electomagnetic relays and a timer. Thus the selective determination of antimony(III) and antimony(V) is attained in this method.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-08-13 16:58:44',
			'hits' => '2',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:54:44',
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			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Narasaki, N.',
			'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo, Urawa 338-8570, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.2116/analsci.14.1161',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Differential Determination of Antimony(III) and Antimony(V) by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry with Hydride Generation', Anal. Sci., 1998 14(6) 1161-1164',
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$c = array(
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"Determination Of Antimony Species With Fluoride As Modifier And Flow Injection Hydride Generation Inductively-coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometry"
Anal. Chim. Acta 2000 Volume 417, Issue 2 Pages 201-209

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			'abstract' => 'After optimizing the concentration. of HCl and NaI in the test solution, the concentration. of NaBH4, sample and reductant volume and flow rate, Ar carrier-gas flow rate and r.f. power, As (10 to 1000 ppb) was determined in NBS orchard leaves, coal fly ash and river sediment and NRCC MESS-1 and BCSS-1 standard reference materials with good accuracy and precision by using an ARL 34000 Quantometer. The coefficient of variation (n = 10) at the 100-ppb level of As was 7.2%, and the detection limit was 1.4 ng for a 0.17 mL sample volume The calibration graph was rectilinear for 0.01 to 1 ppm of As. Cobalt, Ni, Ag, Au, Bi, Te and Sn interfered. About 200 injections h-1 were possible.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '7',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:46:11',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Departments of Geology and Chemistry and the Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1 Canada',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85797-9',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''A flow injection/hydride generation system for the determination of arsenic by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1984 161(1) 275-283',
			'firstchar' => 'A',
			'twochars' => 'A ',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '004924',
			'authors' => 'Tioh, N.H.;Israel, Y.;Barnes, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Ngee-Heng Tioh, Yecheskel Israel and Ramon M. Barnes',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic in glycerol by flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1986V0184P00205',
			'year' => '1986',
			'volume' => '184',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '205',
			'endpage' => '212',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0796;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => '',
			'abstract' => 'A flow injection system is used to mix glycerol solution, containing 0.12 to 3.0 &micro;g g-1 of As, with 1.1% NaBH4 solution (in 0.2 or 0.5 M NaOH) - 6 M HCl (10:49). The generated AsH3 is removed in a vapor - liquid flow cell and determined directly by ICP-AES at 193.7 nm, with Ar as carrier gas (0.39 l min-1). The calibration graph was rectilinear in the range 0.12 to 3.0 &micro;g mL-1 of As with a coefficient of variation of 1.4%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '2',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:50:25',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)86483-1',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic in glycerol by flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1986 184(1) 205-212',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array([maximum depth reached])
		),
		(int) 4 => array(
			'id' => '005937',
			'authors' => 'Valdes Hevia y Temprano, M.C.;Aizpun Fernandez, B.;Fernandez De La Campa, M.R.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. C. Vald&eacute;s-Hevia y Temprano, B. Aizp&uacute;n Fern&aacute;ndez, M. R. Fern&aacute;ndez de la Campa and A. Sanz-Medel*',
			'title' => 'Study of the influence of ordered media on the determination of lead by hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1993V0283P00175',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '283',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '175',
			'endpage' => '182',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0083;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0261;0217;',
			'abstract' => 'Several micelle- and vesicle-forming substances were examined for use in the continuous-flow generation of plumbane. The best results were obtained with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (I) micelles and didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (II) vesicles. For the analyzes, the test solution (containing 0.1 mM I or 1 mM II), 2% HNO3 and aqueous 6% ammonium thiosulfate were merged in a four-channel union cross and the resulting solution was merged with 10% NaBH4 solution in aqueous 0.1% NaOH before passing to the grid nebulizer of an ICP spectrometer with a 40 MHz source unit. Best results were obtained with the I-containing system; the detection limit was 9 ng/ml and the RSD (n = 50) was 1.4% at 50 ng/ml. Interference studies for a range of elements and anions showed that Se, As, Hg and Sn were less troublesome in the presence of I. The method was applied to the determination of Pb in commercial apple, orange and pineapple juices without pre-treatment.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '1',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 16:10:44',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00301',
			'pauthor' => '!Sanz Medel, A.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0003-2670(93)85220-E',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Study of the influence of ordered media on the determination of lead by hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1993 283(1) 175-182',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'St',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '008039',
			'authors' => 'Nakata, F.;Sunahara, H.;Fujimoto, H.;Yamamoto, M.;Kumamaru, T.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Fumio Nakata, Hiroshi Sunahara, Hiroyoshi Fujimoto, Manabu Yamamoto and Takahiro Kumamaru',
			'title' => 'Determination of germanium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with flow injection',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P00579',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '579',
			'endpage' => '582',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1037;',
			'matrices' => ';0642;0890;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0173;0258;0440;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'The sample (20 to 40 mg) of single-crystal gallium arsenide was dissolved in HNO3 and the solution was diluted with water to 25 mL. A 1 mL aliquot was analyzed by a system (illustrated) consisting of a PTFE flow injection manifold by which the sample is mixed with sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.5), NaBH4 solution and Ar (carrier gas), and a gas - liquid separator, constructed from micro-porous PTFE (cf. Yamamoto et al., Anal. Chem., 1987, 59, 2446), that delivers the generated hydrides directly into the sample introduction tube of the ICP torch (central orifice 0.6 mm i.d.) for determination of Ge at 265.18 nm. The calibration graph was rectilinear for 1 ng mL-1 to 10 &micro;g mL-1 of Ge; the detection limit was 0.4 ng mL-1. By using the method of standard additions, recovery of 4 ng mL-1 of Ge from non-doped, Zn-doped and Si-doped gallium arsenide was satisfactory, but no indigenous Ge was detected. The method was also applied in the analysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (sample prep. described); recoveries were 90 to 120%, and 2.5 to 3.1 ng mL-1 of Ge was detected, which is better than the detection limit (5 ng mL-1) of the official method. The sample throughput was ~150 h-1.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '4',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:04',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Hiroshima Univ., Dept. Environ. Sci., Fac. Eng., Hiroshima 724 Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880300579',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of germanium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with flow injection', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(4) 579-582',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '008044',
			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Viczian, M.;Lasztity, A.;Barnes, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoru Wang, Miklos Viczian, Alexandra Lasztity and Ramon M. Barnes',
			'title' => 'Lead hydride generation for isotope analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P00821',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '821',
			'endpage' => '827',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1365;1364;2674;2675;',
			'matrices' => ';0962;0522;0732;0372;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;0356;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0322;0380;0462;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The hydride generator, which included a Thompson U-shaped glass phase separator or a porous PTFE tube separator, was coupled to a Sciex Elan 250 ICP-MS instrument. Generation and transfer of hydrides were optimized by flow injection ICP-MS; the best signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was obtained with 0.6% HCl, 5% of NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH solution and 1% of H2O2 (used for oxidation of Pb before hydride generation), and the optimum Ar flow rate was 1.46 l min-1. For standard solution containing 10 &micro;g L-1 of Pb, calibration graphs were obtained by the isotope-dilution technique for 204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb and 208Pb; the detection limits for each isotope were between 0.04 and 0.06 &micro;g l-1. The technique was applied in the determination of Pb in NBS SRM 1643 (trace elements in water); recovery was quantitative and the coefficient of variation was 1.2% (n = 3). Ion abundances were also determined in certified galena and Pb samples (prep. described). The PTFE phase separator gave greater SNR and less interference. Interference from Fe(III) and Cu(II) was serious, but could be overcome by addition of sulfosalicylic acid and NaCN to the NaBH4 solution. The hydride-generation technique had significantly greater sensitivity for Pb than that involving nebulization.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '9',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:11',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880300821',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Lead hydride generation for isotope analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(6) 821-827',
			'firstchar' => 'L',
			'twochars' => 'Le',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 7 => array(
			'id' => '008045',
			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Barnes, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoru Wang and Ramon M. Barnes',
			'title' => 'Microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane gas-liquid separator for flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P01091',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '8',
			'startpage' => '1091',
			'endpage' => '1095',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0322;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'A gas - liquid phase separator is described that contains a micro-porous PTFE membrane clamped between grooved aluminum plates and is equipped with two inlet and two outlet ports. With flow injection controlled AsH3 generation, flow rates of 0.3 l min-1 for Ar carrier gas and 0.8 mL min-1 for sample were chosen. With use of a pore size of 1 &micro;m and a PTFE membrane supported on non-woven polyester, rectilinear calibration graphs for both peak height and area were obtained in the range 25 to 200 ng mL-1 of As. With 40 &micro;L sample injections, a steady response signal was attained in ~3 s and the absolute detection limit (peak area) was ~1 pg of As. At 100 ng mL-1 of As the precision was 6%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:14',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880301091',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane gas-liquid separator for flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(8) 1091-1095',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 8 => array(
			'id' => '008046',
			'authors' => 'Barnes, R.M.;Wang, X.R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Ramon M. Barnes and Xiaoru Wang',
			'title' => 'Micro-porous polytetrafluoroethylene-tubing gas - liquid separator for hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P01083',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '8',
			'startpage' => '1083',
			'endpage' => '1089',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0302;0322;0380;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'For the determination of As by AsH3 generation - ICP-AES, a concentric gas - liquid phase separator based on micro-porous PTFE tubing was tested under both continuous and flow injection generation conditions. Various physical operating parameters, e.g., tubing diameter and porosity and carrier gas flow rate, were optimized, and performance matched that of conventional, dual-phase and packed-bead separators for both continuous and flow injection generation. With continuous generation a rectilinear calibration graph was obtained for the range 15 to 100 ng mL-1 of As. For a reference material certified at 76 &plusmn; 7 ng mL-1 of As, the determined content was 79.6 &plusmn; 4.2 ng mL-1.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '10',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:12',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880301083',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Micro-porous polytetrafluoroethylene-tubing gas - liquid separator for hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(8) 1083-1089',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 9 => array(
			'id' => '008057',
			'authors' => 'Menendez Garcia, A.;Sanchez Uria, J.E.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Alberto Men&eacute;ndez Garc&iacute;a, J. Enrique S&aacute;nchez Ur&iacute;a and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic in an organic phase by coupling continuous-flow extraction - hydride generation with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1989V0004P00581',
			'year' => '1989',
			'volume' => '4',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '581',
			'endpage' => '585',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0061;0093;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0153;0322;0217;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Arsenic is extracted (as AsI3) from sample solution into xylene in the presence of KI and HCl, and the extract is mixed with NaBH4 in DMF and acetic acid in a continuous-flow apparatus. The mixture is passed through a gas - liquid separator, and AsH3 is determined by ICP-AES at 228.81 nm. The calibration graph is rectilinear from 0.01 to 100 &micro;g mL-1. The coefficient of variation is 2.0% at 0.1 &micro;g mL-1 (n = 10). There is no interference by equal amounts of Pt, up to 17.5-fold amounts of Cu or up to 50-fold amounts of many metals, Se or Ge. The limit of detection is 0.7 ng mL-1. The method is applied to alloys and biological reference material.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '18',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:29',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Univ. Oviedo, Dept. Phys. and Anal. Chem., Fac. Chem., Oviedo Spain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9890400581',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic in an organic phase by coupling continuous-flow extraction - hydride generation with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1989 4(7) 581-585',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 10 => array(
			'id' => '008124',
			'authors' => 'Valdes Hevia y Temprano, M.C.;Fernandez De La Campa, M.R.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. C. Vald&eacute;s-Hevia y Temprano, M. R. Fern&aacute;ndez de la Campa and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Generation of volatile cadmium species with sodium tetrahydroborate from organized media: application to cadmium determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1993V0008P00847',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '847',
			'endpage' => '852',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0478;',
			'matrices' => ';0882;',
			'techniques' => ';0417;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0261;0342;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For the continuous-flow determination of Cd by hydride-generation ICP-AES, generation was with 4% NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH as reagent (0.75 ml/min) in a micellar medium of 0.01 mM didodecyldimethylammonium bromide in 0.4 M HCl (0.75 ml/min) to aid separation. A r.f. plasma with forward power of 900 W and detection at 214.44 nm was used. Calibration graphs were rectilinear for 1 &micro;g/ml of Cd with a detection limit of 1 ng/ml and RSD of 2.1% at 50 ng/ml of Cd. The method was applied to the determination of Cd in tea infusions containing 5.8-22 ng/ml of Cd.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '7',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:50:02',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9930800847',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Generation of volatile cadmium species with sodium tetrahydroborate from organized media: application to cadmium determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1993 8(6) 847-852',
			'firstchar' => 'G',
			'twochars' => 'Ge',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 11 => array(
			'id' => '008125',
			'authors' => 'Valdes Hevia y Temprano, M.C.;Fernandez De La Campa, M.R.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. C. Vald&eacute;s-Hevia y Temprano, M. R. Fern&aacute;ndez de la Campa and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Sensitive method for determination of lead by potassium dichromate-lactic acid hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1993V0008P00821',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '821',
			'endpage' => '825',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0355;0086;0862;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0380;0302;0440;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For the continuous-flow determination of Pb as PbH4 by hydride-generation ICP-AES, generation with use of 0.3% K2Cr2O7/3% lactic acid and 5% NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH as reagents was chosen and optimization of the detection limit was studied. With use of a r.f. forward power of 700 W and detection at 220.353 nm, a detection limit of 2 ng/ml of Pb was obtained with an RSD of 1.3% at 50 ng/ml. The cited method was applied to the determination of Pb in soft-drinks, sediment and lichen reference materials. Soft drinks, containing 11-66 ng/ml, were injected directly and Pb was determined with the aid of a standard-additions procedure.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '7',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:50:00',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00301',
			'pauthor' => '!Sanz Medel, A.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9930800821',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Sensitive method for determination of lead by potassium dichromate-lactic acid hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1993 8(6) 821-825',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Se',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 12 => array(
			'id' => '008150',
			'authors' => 'Uggerud, H.;Lund, W.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Hilde Uggerud and Walter Lund',
			'title' => 'Use of thiourea in the determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1995V0010P00405',
			'year' => '1995',
			'volume' => '10',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '405',
			'endpage' => '408',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;2138;2284;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A study was made of thiourea as an agent for the pre-reduction and masking of interferences in the multi-element determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Thiourea reduces arsenic and antimony from the pentavalent to the trivalent state, without preventing the determination of tetravalent selenium and tellurium. Thiourea also eliminates the interference from a number of metals in the determination of arsenic, antimony and bismuth, but it is not effective for selenium and tellurium.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:20:23',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Univ. Oslo, Dept. Chem., 0315 Oslo Norway',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9951000405',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Use of thiourea in the determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1995 10(5) 405-408',
			'firstchar' => 'U',
			'twochars' => 'Us',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 13 => array(
			'id' => '008186',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Saidman, E.;Marchevsky, E.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. MARTINEZ, E. SAIDMAN, E. MARCHEVSKY and R. OLSINA',
			'title' => 'Determination of selenium in geochemical samples by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry following online removal of iron interference by anion exchange',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1997V0012P00487',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '12',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '487',
			'endpage' => '490',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0428;0380;0520;0322;0217;0127;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A 0.5 g sample was acid-digested by the method of Subramanian (Fresenius' Z. Anal. Chem., 1981, 305, 382), the product was heated with HCl at 90&deg;C for 1 h to reduce Se(VI) to Se(IV), and the resulting solution was diluted to 25 mL. This solution was pumped into the manifold illustrated for retention of the Fe on a microcolumn of Dowex 1-X8, and then passed to an injection valve for injection of a 0.7 mL portion into a carrier stream of water that subsequently merged with streams of 6 M HCl and 0.6% NaBH4 solution. The hydride was then generated in a reaction coil and passed via a gas-liquid separator to the plasma in a stream of Ar. The calibration graph was linear up to 30 ng/ml of Se with a detection limit of 0.3 ng/ml. The RSD (n = 10) was 2% at 20 ng/ml of Se. The results for geochemical standard reference materials agreed well with the certified values.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '22',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:48:26',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Olsina, R.',
			'address' => 'Area de Qu&#305;mica Anal&#305;tica, Facultad de Qu&#305;mica, Bioqu&#305;mica y Farmacia; Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera, 5700-San Luis, Argentina',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/a606884g',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of selenium in geochemical samples by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry following online removal of iron interference by anion exchange', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1997 12(4) 487-490',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 14 => array(
			'id' => '008530',
			'authors' => 'Hwang, J.D.;Guenther, G.D.;Diomiguardi, J.P.',
			'authorsweb' => 'J. David Hwang, Gary D. Guenther, and John P. Diomiguardi',
			'title' => 'Hydride-generator system for a 1-kW inductively coupled plasma',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0499',
			'fadid' => 'ANCH1989V0061P00285',
			'year' => '1989',
			'volume' => '61',
			'issue' => '3',
			'startpage' => '285',
			'endpage' => '288',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;0433;0266;2138;2363;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A continuous-flow hydride-generation system is described for use with a 1-kW ICP. Acidified sample solution and NaBH4 solution are pumped continuously by a multi-channel peristaltic pump into the hydride generator, wherein the sample solution flows down the outside of the NaBH4 tube and mixes and reacts with the NaBH4 solution as it emerges, thereby overcoming the dilution effects that occur in conventional hydride-generation systems. Also, smaller amounts of gaseous by-products are produced, thereby yielding a more stable plasma. Detection limits were 0.1, 1.4, 0.6, 0.3 and 1 ng mL-1 for As, Bi, Sb, Se and Sn, respectively, which are 30 to 700 times better than obtained with pneumatic nebulization.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '3',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 18:35:26',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Hwang, J.D.',
			'address' => 'Occidental Chemical Corporation, Technology Center, 2801 Long Road, Grand Island, New York 14072 USA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1021/ac00178a021',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Hydride-generator system for a 1-kW inductively coupled plasma', Anal. Chem., 1989 61(3) 285-288',
			'firstchar' => 'H',
			'twochars' => 'Hy',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 15 => array(
			'id' => '008971',
			'authors' => 'Yokoi, K.;Kimura, M.;Itokawa, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Katsuhiko Yokoi, Mieko Kimura and Yoshinori Itokawa',
			'title' => 'Miniature hydride-generator system for inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1990V0336P00423',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '336',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '423',
			'endpage' => '424',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2363;1037;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0322;0109;0285;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'In the cited continuous-flow hydride-generator system (described and illustrated), sample solution is mixed with trichloroacetic acid solution and NaBH4 solution in NaOH and passed through a gas - liquid separator (diagram given). The generated hydrides were passed into the ICP by Ar carrier gas (1 l min-1). A Shimadzu ICPS-1000 II sequential plasma spectrometer was used to determine Sn and Ge at 189.989 and 209.423 nm, respectively. The detection limits were 30 and 150 pg mL-1 for Sn and Ge, respectively; ~100-fold better than those of conventional pneumatic nebulizer ICP-AES.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '2',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:38:20',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Yokoi, K.',
			'address' => 'Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-chou, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, 606 Kyoto, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00321893',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Miniature hydride-generator system for inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1990 336(5) 423-424',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 16 => array(
			'id' => '008990',
			'authors' => 'Schramel, P.;Xu, L.Q.',
			'authorsweb' => 'P. Schramel and Li-Qiang Xu',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tin in biological and environmental samples by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES without gas-liquid separator',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1991V0340P00041',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '340',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '41',
			'endpage' => '47',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;2138;2363;',
			'matrices' => ';0093;0404;',
			'techniques' => ';0416;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0285;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Arsenic, Sb, Bi, Se and Sn were simultaneously determined in samples by ICP-AES with use of the cited hydride-generation system (diagram given) at 1.5 kW. Samples were digested (i) under pressure with 70% HNO3 in a closed vessel at 170&deg;C for 10 h and (ii) with HNO3 - ClHO4 - H2SO4 (details given). Sample solution in 30% HCl - 20% HNO3 were mixed with a reductant solution consisting of 3% NaBH4 and 2% KI prior to nebulization in the ICP spectrometer and determination by AES. Interferences caused by Cu and Ni ions were eliminated with use of the reductant. In general results were in good agreement with certified values; detection limits were at the ng level.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '11',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 02:18:18',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '01281',
			'pauthor' => '!Schramel, P.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00324390',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tin in biological and environmental samples by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES without gas-liquid separator', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1991 340(1) 41-47',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 17 => array(
			'id' => '009109',
			'authors' => 'Menendez Garcia, A.;Perez Rodriguez, M.C.;Sanchez Uria, J.E.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'A. Men&eacute;ndez Garc&iacute;a, M. C. P&eacute;rez Rodr&iacute;guez, J. E. S&aacute;nchez Uria and A. Sanz-Medel ',
			'title' => 'Antimony(III) and antimony(V) separation and analytical speciation by a continuous tandem online separation device in connection with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1995V0353P00128',
			'year' => '1995',
			'volume' => '353',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '128',
			'endpage' => '132',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0267;0269;',
			'matrices' => ';0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0436;0217;0520;0260;0322;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For Sb(III) determination a stream of sample (0.75 ml/min) mixed with 0.2 M ammonium citrate/NaOH buffer solution of pH 6 was merged with a stream (0.7 ml/min) of 0.1% pyrrolidine-1-dithiocarboxylic acid ammonium salt and the resulting stream (1.45 ml/min) then merged with IBMK (0.5 ml/min) at a solvent segmenter. Extraction took place in an extraction coil (270 cm x 0.7 mm i.d.) and the consecutive organic and aqueous segments were separated at a membrane phase separator. The aqueous phase as collected for Sb(V) determinations and the organic phase was mixed with glacial acetic acid (1 ml/min) and 2% sodium tetrahydroborate in DMF (0.5 ml/min) for stibine generation. The stibine formed was transferred to the ICP torch by Ar (0.3 l/min) and Sb was monitored at 217.58 nm. For Sb(V) determination the aqueous phase collected above was acidified with HCl to give a final concentration of 3 M HCl and mixed with 2% KI. The resulting solution was used for hydride generation ICP-AES with 1% NaBH4. The calibration graph was linear up to 100 &micro;g/ml with detection limits of 3 ng/ml of Sb(III) and 8 ng/ml of Sb(V). RSD (n = 10) were 4% for 100 ng/ml Sb(III) and 5% for 100 ng/ml Sb(V). Interferences by ions found in sea and estuarine water was tabulated and discussed. The method was applied to Sb determination in seawater.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '8',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:19:55',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00301',
			'pauthor' => '!Sanz Medel, A.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00322945',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Antimony(III) and antimony(V) separation and analytical speciation by a continuous tandem online separation device in connection with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1995 353(2) 128-132',
			'firstchar' => 'A',
			'twochars' => 'An',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 18 => array(
			'id' => '009114',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Baucells, M.;Pelfort, E.;Roura, M.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. Martinez, M. Baucells, E. Pelfort, M. Roura, R. Olsina',
			'title' => 'Removal of iron interference in the determination of selenium in geological samples by continuous-flow hydride generation ICP-AES',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1996V0354P00126',
			'year' => '1996',
			'volume' => '354',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '126',
			'endpage' => '127',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0380;0217;',
			'abstract' => 'Samples (0.5 g) were digested with 6 mL HCl and 2 mL HNO3, the mixture was cooled, 5 mL HClO4 and 10 mL HF were added and the mixture was left overnight. The solution was evaporated until fumes of HClO4 ceased. This step was repeated until complete solution was obtained, the liquid was treated with 4 mL water and 2 mL HNO3 and diluted to 20 mL with water. The pH was adjusted to 0.5-2 with NH3, 10 mL 2% aqueous ammonium pyrrolidine-1-yl-dithioformate was added and the Fe(III) complex formed was extracted into 10 mL CHCl3. This step was repeated until the extracts were colorless. The aqueous phase was heated with 1 mL HNO3, the Se(VI) was reduced to Se(IV) by heating in 6 M HCl at 60&deg;C for 30 min and the solution was diluted to a suitable volume. In the flow system, 0.6% NaBH4 in 0.5% NaOH was pumped at 1 ml/min, 6 M HCl at 1 ml/min and the sample solution at 6 ml/min. After mixing in a reaction coil, the solution was transferred to a gas-liquid separator and the gas phase was transported into the ICP-AES with Ar (90 ml/min) for measurement. The detection limit was 0.15 ng/ml of Se. Recovery of 50 and 300 ng of Se averaged 96 &plusmn; 2.8% and 99 &plusmn; 1.1% respectively. Satisfactory results were obtained on three certified samples.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-07-28 10:15:02',
			'hits' => '1',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-24 16:56:35',
			'urlcheckcode' => '',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Roura, M.',
			'address' => 'Serveis Cientifico-T&eagrave;cnics, Universitat de Barcelona, Lluis Sole i Sabar&iacute;s 1-3, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'NA SJC 102414 Contact Springer',
			'url' => 'NA',
			'urltype' => 'NA',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Removal of iron interference in the determination of selenium in geological samples by continuous-flow hydride generation ICP-AES', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1996 354(1) 126-127',
			'firstchar' => 'R',
			'twochars' => 'Re',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 19 => array(
			'id' => '009153',
			'authors' => 'Jamoussi, B.;Zafzouf, M.;Ben Hassine, B.',
			'authorsweb' => '. Jamoussi, M. Zafzouf and B. Ben Hassine',
			'title' => 'Interferences by transition metals and their elimination by cyanide as a complexing agent in the determination of arsenic using continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES system',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1996V0356P00331',
			'year' => '1996',
			'volume' => '356',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '331',
			'endpage' => '334',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The suppressing effects of ppm amounts of Cu, Pb, Co, Au, Pd, and Ni in the determination of As by hydride-generation (HG) ICP-AES were eliminated by use of cyanide as masking agent. In the determination of As by continuous-flow HG ICP-AES, 0.1 M KCN (2.5 ml/min) was mixed with 2% NaBH4 in 1% NaOH (2.5 ml/min), and the mixture was combined with the sample stream (2.75 ml/min) in a V-shaped reaction vessel, and the resulting AsH3 was swept by Ar, via a water condenser, into the ICP source (operating conditions tabulated) and the intensity of the As emission was recorded at 279.55 nm. Under the cited conditions up to 100 &micro;g/ml of the interfering elements could be tolerated. The limit of detection was 0.82 ng/ml of As, and for 50 ng/ml of As the RSD was 1.3% (n = 10).',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:35:40',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Ben Hassine, B.',
			'address' => 'Facult&eacute; des Sciences de Monastir D&eacute;partment de Chimie, 5000 Monastir, Tunisie',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/s0021663560331',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Interferences by transition metals and their elimination by cyanide as a complexing agent in the determination of arsenic using continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES system', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1996 356(5) 331-334',
			'firstchar' => 'I',
			'twochars' => 'In',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 20 => array(
			'id' => '009183',
			'authors' => 'Feng, Y.L.;Narasaki, H.;Chen, H.Y.;Tian, L.C.',
			'authorsweb' => ' Yong-Lai Feng, H. Narasaki, Hong-Yuan Chen, Li-Ching Tian',
			'title' => 'Semi-automatic determination of tin in marine materials by continuous-flow hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1997V0357P00822',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '357',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '822',
			'endpage' => '826',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2363;',
			'matrices' => ';0404;0714;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0086;0109;0217;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Sample (1.25 g) was equilibrated overnight with 15 mL 68% HNO3 and 2 mL 70% HClO4, then digested by heating with 0.5 mL concentrated H2SO4. The resulting solution was adjusted to pH 3.5 with 4 M NaOH and passed through a DIAION SA 10A anion-exchange resin column (15 cm x 8 mm i.d.; Mitsubishi Kasei Corp., Tokyo, Japan). The eluate was mixed with 3.5 mL 3 M H2SO4 and 2.5 mL 10% L-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate, diluted to 25 mL and then analyzed for Sn by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES at 189.93 nm (operating conditions given). The detection limit was 0.4 ng/mL Sn and the RSD (n = 10) was 0.5%. The effects of varying the H2SO4, NaBH4 (hydride-generating reagent) and NaOH concentrations, Ar (carrier gas) and NaBH4 flow rates and the ratio of flow rates of sample solution and NaBH4 were investigated (results presented). The effects of interferents were also investigated, along with seven methods for masking interference (results tabulated). The method was applied to an environmental (marine) CRM. The result agreed with the certified value and the RSD (n = 6) was 0.95%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '19',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:47:33',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => '?',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/s002160050256',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Semi-automatic determination of tin in marine materials by continuous-flow hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1997 357(7) 822-826',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Se',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 21 => array(
			'id' => '009184',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Baucells, M.;Pelfort, E.;Roura, M.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. Martinez, M. Baucells, E. Pelfort, M. Roura, R. Olsina',
			'title' => 'Selenium determination by hydride-generation ICP-AES: elimination of iron interferences by means of an ion-exchange resin in a continuous-flow system',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1997V0357P00850',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '357',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '850',
			'endpage' => '852',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0428;0380;0520;0322;0217;0127;0385;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'Sample solution prepared from geological materials (details given) was subjected to online SPE on a Dowex 50W-X8 cation-exchange column (5-10 cm x 3 mm i.d.) at 2 ml/min to remove Fe. A portion (500 &micro;L) of the extract was injected into a water stream (6 ml/min), which merged with a stream (1 ml/min) of 6N-HCl and a stream (1 ml/min) of 0.6% NaBH4. The flow passed through a reaction coil (dimensions not given) and into a gas-liquid separator. Volatile hydrides were carried in Ar (90 ml/min) into a plasma torch for ICP-AES determination of Se (operating conditions given). The column eliminated interference from 2.5 mg/ml Fe in the determination of 20 ng/ml Se. The detection limit ws 0.4 ng/ml Se, recoveries were 98-99.5% and the RSD (n = 10) was 2%. Calibration details are not given. The method was applied to geological CRM. The results agreed with the certified values.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-07-28 10:15:57',
			'hits' => '18',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:47:36',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00344',
			'pauthor' => '!Martinez, L.D.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/s002160050261',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Selenium determination by hydride-generation ICP-AES: elimination of iron interferences by means of an ion-exchange resin in a continuous-flow system', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1997 357(7) 850-852',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Se',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 22 => array(
			'id' => '009391',
			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Zhuang, Z.X.;Yang, P.Y.;Huang, B.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Wang X. O., Zhuang Z. X., Yang P. Y. and Huang B. L.',
			'title' => 'Hyphenated techniques combined with atomic spectrometry for environmental studies',
			'journal' => 'Microchem. J.',
			'journal_id' => '0639',
			'fadid' => 'MCHJ1995V0051P00088',
			'year' => '1995',
			'volume' => '51',
			'issue' => '1-2',
			'startpage' => '88',
			'endpage' => '98',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1471;1466;',
			'matrices' => ';0852;0882;0394;0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0038;0256;0455;0461;0465;0481;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0389;0097;0434;0520;0436;0475;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The development and application of hyphenated techniques combined with atomic spectrometries for environmental analysis at Xiamen University, China, are described. The techniques include: flow injection online microcolumns combined with AAS, GFAAS, ICP AFS and ICP-AES for trace and ultratrace analysis of water; flow injection online solvent extraction combined with AAS and ICP-AES; flow injection online hydride generation for the elemental analysis of Chinese herbs and rain by AAS and ICP-AES; flow injection online coprecipitation-dissolution for the determination of trace heavy metals in seawater and rain by GFAAS and ICP-AES; and HPLC combined with ICP-AES for multielement speciation analysis of Chinese tea.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '40',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:22:10',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Xiamen Univ., Dept. Chem., Res. Center Environ. Sci., Xiamen 361005 China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1006/mchj.1995.1012',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Hyphenated techniques combined with atomic spectrometry for environmental studies', Microchem. J., 1995 51(1-2) 88-98',
			'firstchar' => 'H',
			'twochars' => 'Hy',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 23 => array(
			'id' => '009493',
			'authors' => 'Yokoi, K.;Kimura, M.;Itokawa, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Katsuhiko Yokoi, Mieko Kimura and Yoshinori Itokawa',
			'title' => 'Determination of tin in biological samples using gaseous hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Biochem.',
			'journal_id' => '0570',
			'fadid' => 'ANBI1990V0190P00071',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '190',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '71',
			'endpage' => '77',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2363;',
			'matrices' => ';0219;0194;0210;0259;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0118;0322;0109;0520;0520;0231;',
			'abstract' => 'Liver, brain, testis or kidney was homogenized and heated with HNO3 and HClO4 in Kjeldahl flasks until white fumes appeared. Water was added with heating until the solution was clear and colorless. An aliquot of the solution was treated with trichloroacetic acid (I) and diluted with water to 0.2% in I. This solution was mixed, in a continuous-flow hydride-generation system (diagram given), with 1% I solution and then with 0.5% NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH solution and passed through a gas - liquid separator (design presented) and the hydride, in an Ar-stream, was determined by ICP-AES at 189.989 nm. The limit of detection was 30 pg mL-1 of Sn, mean recovery was 87 to 99% and the coefficient of variation was 1.2%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:35:44',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-chou, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0003-2697(90)90135-V',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of tin in biological samples using gaseous hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Anal. Biochem., 1990 190(1) 71-77',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 24 => array(
			'id' => '010562',
			'authors' => 'Nakahara, T.;Nakanishi, K.;Wasa, T.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Taketoshi Nakahara, Kuniyuki Nakanishi and Tamotsu Wasa',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace concentrations of bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with hydride generation',
			'journal' => 'Spectrochim. Acta B',
			'journal_id' => '0650',
			'fadid' => 'SCAB1987V0042P00119',
			'year' => '1987',
			'volume' => '42',
			'issue' => '1-2',
			'startpage' => '119',
			'endpage' => '128',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0433;',
			'matrices' => ';0044;0727;0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;0416;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0380;0440;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The continuous-flow hydride-generation apparatus used was as described previously (Anal. Chim. Acta, 1981, 131, 73; Appl. Spectrosc., 1983, 37, 539). The sample solution in 1 M HCl and 1% NaBH4 solution in 1% NaOH were pumped at 16 and 5.5 mL min-1, respectively, and the BiH3 evolved was carried to the ICP in a stream of Ar for the emission intensity at 223.06 nm to be measured. The instrumental coefficient of variation (n = 10) for 0.5, 2, 20 and 200 ng mL-1 of Bi were 3.5, 2.8, 2.2 and 1.3%, respectively, the limit of detection was 0.35 ng mL-1, and a graph of emission intensity vs. log. Bi concentration. was rectilinear for ~1 ng mL-1 to ~10 &micro;g mL-1. The method of standard additions was used for actual determinations, in the presence of 0.1 M thiourea to minimize interference. Results for various geological reference standards, standard copper and standard aluminum alloys (digestion procedures described) agreed well with reported or certified values.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '22',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:28:56',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00271',
			'pauthor' => '!Nakahara, T.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0584-8547(87)80055-1',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace concentrations of bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with hydride generation', Spectrochim. Acta B, 1987 42(1-2) 119-128',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 25 => array(
			'id' => '010579',
			'authors' => 'Tao, H.;Boyko, V.J.;McLaren, J.W.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Hiroaki Tao*, Victor J. Boyko and James W. Mclaren',
			'title' => 'Improvements in the signal-to-background ratio with hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Spectrochim. Acta B',
			'journal_id' => '0650',
			'fadid' => 'SCAB1993V0048P01339',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '48',
			'issue' => '11',
			'startpage' => '1339',
			'endpage' => '1345',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0253;0409;',
			'abstract' => 'An investigation of the effects of torch position and of diameter of the central tube of the ICP torch on signal-to-background ratio and reflected power in hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry has identified conditions under which a stable plasma can be sustained at only 0.5 kW with a five times better signal-to-background ratio for Se than could be obtained at 1.4 kW. The improved performance is attributed to a more efficient introduction of hydrogen to the central channel of the plasma. [References: 15]',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:55:15',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => '!Mclaren, J.W.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0584-8547(93)80122-B',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Improvements in the signal-to-background ratio with hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Spectrochim. Acta B, 1993 48(11) 1339-1345',
			'firstchar' => 'I',
			'twochars' => 'Im',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 26 => array(
			'id' => '010674',
			'authors' => 'Tao, H.;Miyazaki, A.;Bansho, K.',
			'authorsweb' => 'H. TAO, A. MIYAZAKI and K. BANSHO',
			'title' => 'Hydride-generation system with a hydrogen separation membrane for low-power inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Sci.',
			'journal_id' => '0963',
			'fadid' => 'ANSC1990V0006P00195',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '6',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '195',
			'endpage' => '199',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;1037;0266;2363;',
			'matrices' => 'NA',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0109;0058;0349;0253;',
			'abstract' => 'A hydrogen separation membrane module is described consisting of hollow aromatic polyimide fibers. The module, operated at ~90&deg;C, was connected to a continuous-flow hydride generator (diagram given) for removal of H before analysis of the hydrides by ICP-AES with Ar as carrier gas. Detection limits obtained for As, Ge, Hg, Sb and Sn are tabulated. The coefficient of variation were 1% at 50 ng mL-1 of each element. Calibration graphs were rectilinear from the detection limit to 100 &micro;g mL-1. Online pre-concentration with use of the module could not be carried out with He instead of Ar as carrier gas beause He permeated the membrane reducing its flow rate.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-07-05 22:44:26',
			'hits' => '4',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:36:13',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Bansho, K.',
			'address' => 'National Research Institute for Pollution and Resources, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.2116/analsci.6.195',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Hydride-generation system with a hydrogen separation membrane for low-power inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry', Anal. Sci., 1990 6(2) 195-199',
			'firstchar' => 'H',
			'twochars' => 'Hy',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 27 => array(
			'id' => '010920',
			'authors' => 'Li, Z.;McIntosh, S.A.;Slavin, W.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Zhang Li, Susan McIntosh and Walter Slavin',
			'title' => 'Simultaneous determination of hydride and non-hydride forming elements by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Proc.',
			'journal_id' => '0866',
			'fadid' => 'ANPR1992V0029P00438',
			'year' => '1992',
			'volume' => '29',
			'issue' => '10',
			'startpage' => '438',
			'endpage' => '439',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;2138;0266;0433;0478;0642;0684;1293;1430;1575;1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0962;0961;0965;0350;0058;0372;0559;0395;0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0481;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0380;0158;0285;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'Arsenic, Se, Sb, Bi, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb were determined in the NIST environmental standard reference materials steel, coal fly ash, urban particulated and 1643b water by ICP-AES. A Perkin-Elmer FIAS-2000 flow injection system was used for hydride generation (experimental conditions tabulated). The sample solution was split into two streams, one being pumped directly to the nebulizer, the other mixed with HCl and NaBH4 solution in the mixing tubes of the chemifold. After separation, the hydride was swept into the spray chamber through a slightly modified cross-flow nebulizer cap. The hydride was then carried into the plasma together with sample aerosol. Recoveries of 20 &micro;g L-1 of As, Sb and Se and 50 &micro;g L-1 of non-hydride forming elements in river- and seawater standards were >80%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '34',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:34:12',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '01441',
			'pauthor' => '!Slavin, W.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/AP9922900436',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Simultaneous determination of hydride and non-hydride forming elements by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Anal. Proc., 1992 29(10) 438-439',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Si',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
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		),
		(int) 28 => array(
			'id' => '010986',
			'authors' => 'Sanz Medel, A.;Menendez Garcia, A.;Fernandez, M.L.;Sanchez Uria, J.E.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Tandem online separations: an alternative sample presentation in atomic spectrometry for ultra-trace analysis',
			'journal' => 'Acta Chim. Hung.',
			'journal_id' => '1039',
			'fadid' => 'ACHH1991V0128P00551',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '128',
			'issue' => '4-5',
			'startpage' => '551',
			'endpage' => '558',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0130;0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0058;0167;',
			'techniques' => ';0452;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0153;0349;0475;',
			'abstract' => 'The coupling of continuous-separation - pre-concentration. devices with atomic spectrometers for ultra-trace elementary analysis is discussed. Simple systems are first outlined, including solid - liquid and liquid - liquid online flow injection extraction coupled with AAS or ICP-AES for Al determination in biological fluids, and continuous gas - liquid separation coupled with ICP-AES for As determination in steel and as an introduction device for S2- determination in a microwave plasma. Examples are then given of tandem configurations in which two different continuous separation units are combined in a single online configuration. A tandem online device based on continuous extraction combined with hydride generation and coupled with ICP-AES for direct As, Sb and I- determinations is described, as well as a continuous liquid - liquid extraction device coupled with ICP-AES or AAS for indirect I- determination. Results show that many sensitivity and selectivity limitations of ultra-trace analysis can be overcome by the use of tandem online separation techniques.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
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			'hits' => '0',
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			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'NA SJC 103113',
			'url' => 'NA',
			'urltype' => 'NA',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Tandem online separations: an alternative sample presentation in atomic spectrometry for ultra-trace analysis', Acta Chim. Hung., 1991 128(4-5) 551-558',
			'firstchar' => 'T',
			'twochars' => 'Ta',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			)
		),
		(int) 29 => array(
			'id' => '011570',
			'authors' => 'Etoh, M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic and selenium in coal and fly ash by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES',
			'journal' => 'Bunseki Kagaku',
			'journal_id' => '0965',
			'fadid' => 'BUNK1987V0036P00T95',
			'year' => '1987',
			'volume' => '36',
			'issue' => '9',
			'startpage' => 'T95',
			'endpage' => 'T99',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0558;0559;',
			'techniques' => ';0416;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;',
			'abstract' => 'Coal was digested with HNO4 and HClO3 and fly ash was digested with HNO3 and H2SO4. The As and Se were separated from co-existing elements (except for Sb, Sn and Ge) by distillation with HBr and Br. Arsenic and Se were determined by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES. Recoveries were 98 to 104%, and coefficient of variation were 2.4 to 3.5 and 2.7 to 4.5%, respectively, for As and Se. Tin, Sb and Ge did not interfere at concentration. present in the samples used.',
			'language' => 'Japanese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:14:38',
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			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Etoh, M.',
			'address' => 'Nippon Engelhard Ltd., Ichikawa Lab., Ichikawa-shi, Chiba 272 Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.2116/bunsekikagaku.36.9_T95',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic and selenium in coal and fly ash by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES', Bunseki Kagaku, 1987 36(9) T95-T99',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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		),
		(int) 30 => array(
			'id' => '012302',
			'authors' => 'Chen, H.;Jiang, Z.C.;Kong, L.Y.;Zeng, Y.N.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Chen Hao;Jiang Zucheng;Kong Linying;Zen Yun'e',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace amounts of arsenic by flow injection analysis - hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectroscopy',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Ceshi Tongbao',
			'journal_id' => '0878',
			'fadid' => 'FXCT1990V0009P00009',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '9',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '9',
			'endpage' => '14',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0285;0217;0109;0302;',
			'abstract' => 'A double capillary nebulizer was used to generate the hydride of the analyte. Factors affecting line intensity in the flow injection system were investigated. The effects of several inorganic acids, their acidity and inter-element interference effects were examined. Under optimum conditions the detection limit of As was 5.2 mg mL-1; the coefficient of variation was 1.48% for 2 &micro;g mL-1 (n = 10). Recoveries of Al from NaCl and AlCl3.xH2O were >95%.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 17:49:33',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, The Center of Test and Measurement, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-TEST199001003.htm',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace amounts of arsenic by flow injection analysis - hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectroscopy', Fenxi Ceshi Tongbao, 1990 9(1) 9-14',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 31 => array(
			'id' => '012384',
			'authors' => 'Gao, H.;Li, K.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic, antimony and bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with flow injection analysis and hydride generation',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Huaxue',
			'journal_id' => '1033',
			'fadid' => 'FXHX1991V0019P01285',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '19',
			'issue' => '11',
			'startpage' => '1285',
			'endpage' => '1287',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;',
			'matrices' => ';0536;0552;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0440;',
			'abstract' => 'A 0.175-g ore or rock sample was wetted with a little water and then dissolved in 9 mL of HCl plus 3 mL of HNO3 and 1 mL of H2SO4 (1:1); after evaporation to fumes and cooling, 2.5 mL of HCl, 5 mL of 10% KI - 5% ascorbic acid - 5% thiourea solution and water were added to 25 mL. The solution was then carried at a flow-rate of 11 mL min-1 to react with 1% KBH4 solution (containing 0.2% of NaOH) at 5.5 mL min-1 in the flow injection system (diagram pesented), and the generated hydrides were carried by Ar (0.6 l min-1) for separation by a gas separator before passing to a direct-reading spectrometer for ICP-AES determination of As, Sb and Bi with measurement at 193.76, 217.5 and 306.7 nm, respectively. By the standard-additions method, recoveries were 94 to 107%. Determination ranges for As, Sb and Bi were up to 1000, 300 and 300 &micro;g g-1, respectively, and their corresponding detection limits were 0.2, 0.2 and 0.1 &micro;g g-1. Masking agents could be used to increase tolerance levels of the co-existing ions; background interferences in the gas phase could be corrected for.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 13:36:20',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'Checked SP 06/09/98',
			'url' => '210.14.121.5:8080/fxhx/homeAction!downloadArticleFile.action?attachType=PDF&id=8773',
			'urltype' => 'pdfurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic, antimony and bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with flow injection analysis and hydride generation', Fenxi Huaxue, 1991 19(11) 1285-1287',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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				[maximum depth reached]
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			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 32 => array(
			'id' => '012429',
			'authors' => 'Wang, H.N.;Chen, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace arsenic in copper alloy by online flow injection - hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Huaxue',
			'journal_id' => '1033',
			'fadid' => 'FXHX1994V0022P00816',
			'year' => '1994',
			'volume' => '22',
			'issue' => '8',
			'startpage' => '816',
			'endpage' => '818',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0048;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0217;0385;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'Sample (1 g) was decomposed with 6 mL HNO3 and the pH was adjusted to 1 and diluted to 100 mL with water. The solution was injected into the analysis system and transferred by a stream of water at 1.6 ml/min to a column (5 cm x 5 mm i.d.) of cation-exchange resin and eluted with 2.2 M HCl at 4.4 ml/min; the eluate was mixed with 2.2 M HCl at 1.6 ml/min treated with 1% NaBH4 at 1 ml/min. The generated hydride was directly determined by ICP with measurement at 228.8 nm. The detection limit was 0.9 &micro;g/g. Interference from up to 10 mg/ml of Cu(II) could be eliminated. Recovery was 102-104%. Sampling frequency was 25 runs/h.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 14:16:15',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Harbin Univ. Technol., Anal. ^amp Measurement Centre, Harbin 150006, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'CHECKED SC 12/23/98;Checked AP 06/08/98',
			'url' => '210.14.121.5:8080/fxhx/homeAction!downloadArticleFile.action?attachType=PDF&id=7635',
			'urltype' => 'pdfurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace arsenic in copper alloy by online flow injection - hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fenxi Huaxue, 1994 22(8) 816-818',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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				[maximum depth reached]
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			'Keyword' => array(
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			)
		),
		(int) 33 => array(
			'id' => '012528',
			'authors' => 'Yu, X.;Chen, J.G.;Wang, S.Q.;Liao, Z.H.;Jiang, Z.C.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Yu Xin, Chen Jianguo, Wang Songqing, Liao Zhenhuan, Jiang Zucheng',
			'title' => 'Online determination of trace lead in high-salt food by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Kexue Xuebao',
			'journal_id' => '0880',
			'fadid' => 'FXKX1997V0013P00026',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '13',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '26',
			'endpage' => '29',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0415;1013;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0322;0440;',
			'abstract' => 'Salted vegetable (10 g) was homogenized then digested with 8 mL HNO3/HClO4 and evaporated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in 7.5 mL 0.5 M HCl and diluted with water to 25 mL. A 300 &micro;L portion of the solution was injected into the required setup (diagram illustrated) and flowed with a carrier stream of water at 3 ml/min to react with 15% H2O2 to oxidise lower valent Pb to high valent Pb before reaction with a stream of 4% NaBH4 in 0.8% NaOH at 1.5 ml/min, transferring to the gas-liquid separator, and detection of Pb in the Ar flow by ICP-AES with measurement at 220.35 nm. The calibration graph was linear from 0.005-1 &micro;g/ml Pb, with a detection limit of 1.6 ng/ml. When determining 50 ng/ml Pb, the RSD (n = 7) was 1.2%. By the standard-additions method, recoveries were 96.3-101.4%. The method was used in the analysis of e.g. pickled cabbage.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2013-12-14 05:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 17:50:45',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Chemistry Department of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-FXKX702.005.htm',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Online determination of trace lead in high-salt food by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fenxi Kexue Xuebao, 1997 13(2) 26-29',
			'firstchar' => 'O',
			'twochars' => 'On',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			)
		),
		(int) 34 => array(
			'id' => '012604',
			'authors' => 'Yu, X.;Chen, J.;Wang, S.;Liao, Z.;Jiang, Z.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Simultaneous determination of trace arsenic, antimony and bismuth in electrolytic copper sample by flow injection hydride generation coupled with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Shiyanshi',
			'journal_id' => '0881',
			'fadid' => 'FXSS1998V0017P00057',
			'year' => '1998',
			'volume' => '17',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '57',
			'endpage' => '59',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;0266;0433;',
			'matrices' => ';0727;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0420;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The technique of flow injection hydride generation coupled with ICP-AES and its application on determining trace As, Sb and Bi in electrolytic Cu was studied. An effective method was established, the relative standard deviation for determination of As, Sb, Bi was 2.3, 1.8, 2.8% (n = 11), and the detection limit was 0.3, 0.3, 1.15 &micro;g/g respectively.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-23 18:04:10',
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			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Dept. Chem., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan 430072, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'Checked SC 06/24/99',
			'url' => 'en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-FXSY801.016.htm',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Simultaneous determination of trace arsenic, antimony and bismuth in electrolytic copper sample by flow injection hydride generation coupled with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Fenxi Shiyanshi, 1998 17(1) 57-59',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Si',
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				[maximum depth reached]
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		),
		(int) 35 => array(
			'id' => '014198',
			'authors' => 'Campbell, A.D.',
			'authorsweb' => 'A. D. Campbell',
			'title' => 'A critical survey of hydride generation techniques in atomic spectroscopy',
			'journal' => 'Pure Appl. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0763',
			'fadid' => 'PACH1992V0064P00227',
			'year' => '1992',
			'volume' => '64',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '227',
			'endpage' => '244',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;1037;1359;2138;2284;2363;',
			'matrices' => 'NA',
			'techniques' => ';0465;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0389;0520;0217;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A review with 134 references. Formation of the hydrides of antimony, arsenic, bismuth, germanium, lead, selenium, tellurium and tin by reaction with sodium tetrahydroborate(III) affords an excellent method for the separation of these elements as gases from a wide range of matrixes. Excellent low limits of detection are attained when this separation method is combined with atomization of the hydride in a heated quartz tube in the optical axis of a conventional atomic absorption spectrometer but there are many interferences to contend with both at the hydride generation stage and in the atomization process. Hydride generation is also used in conjunction with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectrometers. It is particularly useful for the determination of arsenic and selenium which suffer considerable spectral interferences caused by radicals in flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Implications of recent advances in the application of this separation procedure for the determination of hydride forming elements by atomic absorption and also ICP atomic emission spectrog. techniques are discussed.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-08-15 12:29:57',
			'hits' => '30',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:41:30',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Campbell, A.D.',
			'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Box 46, Dunedin, New Zealand',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1351/pac199264020227',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
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"A Flow Injection/hydride Generation System For The Determination Of Arsenic By Inductively-coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry"
Anal. Chim. Acta 1984 Volume 161, Issue 1 Pages 275-283

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		'abstract' => 'After optimizing the concentration. of HCl and NaI in the test solution, the concentration. of NaBH4, sample and reductant volume and flow rate, Ar carrier-gas flow rate and r.f. power, As (10 to 1000 ppb) was determined in NBS orchard leaves, coal fly ash and river sediment and NRCC MESS-1 and BCSS-1 standard reference materials with good accuracy and precision by using an ARL 34000 Quantometer. The coefficient of variation (n = 10) at the 100-ppb level of As was 7.2%, and the detection limit was 1.4 ng for a 0.17 mL sample volume The calibration graph was rectilinear for 0.01 to 1 ppm of As. Cobalt, Ni, Ag, Au, Bi, Te and Sn interfered. About 200 injections h-1 were possible.',
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		'address' => 'Departments of Geology and Chemistry and the Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1 Canada',
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		'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85797-9',
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		'citation' => ''A flow injection/hydride generation system for the determination of arsenic by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1984 161(1) 275-283',
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		'id' => '0484',
		'label' => 'Spectrophotometry',
		'level1' => 'Spectrophotometry',
		'level2' => 'atomic emission',
		'level3' => 'inductively coupled plasma',
		'level4' => 'hydride generation',
		'level5' => '',
		'synonyms' => 'HG-ICP-AES,HG-ICP-OES',
		'champ' => '',
		'total' => '39',
		'updated' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
		'name' => 'Spectrophotometry, atomic emission, inductively coupled plasma, hydride generation',
		'nametotal' => 'Spectrophotometry, atomic emission, inductively coupled plasma, hydride generation**39',
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		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '001963',
			'authors' => 'Feng, Y.L.;Narasaki, H.;Chen, H.Y.;Tian, L.C.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Yong-Lai Feng, Hisatake Narasaki, Hong-Yuan Chen and Li-Ching Tian',
			'title' => 'Speciation of antimony(III) and antimony(V) using hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with the rate of pre-reduction of antimony',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1999V0386P00297',
			'year' => '1999',
			'volume' => '386',
			'issue' => '3',
			'startpage' => '297',
			'endpage' => '304',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0288;0289;',
			'matrices' => ';0372;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0436;0520;0076;',
			'abstract' => 'Antimony(III) and antimony(V) were speciated by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (HG-ICP-AES) based on the pre-reduction kinetics of antimony(V) to antimony(III) with L-cysteine. A linear relationship between the reduced amount of antimony(V) with 3 mg mL-1 of L-cysteine and the reaction time was achieved within 10 min. The reduced amount of antimony(V) were determined after 2 and 8 min, respectively, by using HG-ICP-AES in this method. Mutual interferences of antimony(III) and antimony(V) were investigated. Interferences from transition metals were removed by a Chelex 100 resin column. The method was successfully applied to speciate antimony(III) and antimony(V) in spiked water samples. The detection limits of the method for antimony(III) and antimony(V) were 1.2 and 4.5 ng mL-1 respectively.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
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			'hits' => '2',
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			'pauthor_id' => '00474',
			'pauthor' => '!Narasaki, H.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(99)00007-0',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Speciation of antimony(III) and antimony(V) using hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with the rate of pre-reduction of antimony', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1999 386(3) 297-304',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
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		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '002681',
			'authors' => 'Ulrich, N.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Nina Ulrich',
			'title' => 'Determination of antimony species with fluoride as modifier and flow injection hydride generation inductively-coupled plasma emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA2000V0417P00201',
			'year' => '2000',
			'volume' => '417',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '201',
			'endpage' => '209',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0267;0269;2571;',
			'matrices' => ';0500;0367;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0436;0217;0258;',
			'abstract' => 'A new method for the determination of species of antimony(III) [Sb(III)], antimony(v) [Sb(V)] and trimethylstiboxide [TMeSbO] with fluoride as modifier is introduced. A flow injection (FI) system for hydride generation was used in combination with an inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer as detector. The pre-reduction was accomplished with potassium iodide dissolved in hydrochloric acid and the reduction with sodium borohydride. The influence of fluoride on the reduction and pre-reduction step was investigated by adding different amounts of sodium fluoride to the solvent stream. At a concentration of 100 mg/l fluoride and 1.2% potassium iodide, the hydride formation of Sb(V) and Sb(III) was suppressed below the detection limit, while TMeSbO showed no signal depression. The use of 100 mg/l fluoride without potassium iodide led to complete signal suppression for Sb(V) with apparently no influence on the signal intensity of Sb(III) and TMeSbO. The concentration of TMeSbO was measured directly, the concentrations of Sb(III) and Sb(V) were calculated on the basis of the three analyzing steps, giving detection limits and relative standard deviations of 1.1 (2.6%), 1.2 (5.3%) and 1.4 &micro;g/l (8.1%), respectively. The method was applied to orange juice samples.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2002-04-20 14:00:00',
			'hits' => '3',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 16:35:43',
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			'pauthor_id' => '00686',
			'pauthor' => '!Ulrich, N.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)00939-9',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of antimony species with fluoride as modifier and flow injection hydride generation inductively-coupled plasma emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 2000 417(2) 201-209',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '004615',
			'authors' => 'Liversage, R.R.;Van Loon, J.C.;De Andrade, J.C.',
			'authorsweb' => 'R. R. Liversage and J. C. Van Loon, J. C. De Andrade',
			'title' => 'A flow injection/hydride generation system for the determination of arsenic by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1984V0161P00275',
			'year' => '1984',
			'volume' => '161',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '275',
			'endpage' => '283',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
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			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'After optimizing the concentration. of HCl and NaI in the test solution, the concentration. of NaBH4, sample and reductant volume and flow rate, Ar carrier-gas flow rate and r.f. power, As (10 to 1000 ppb) was determined in NBS orchard leaves, coal fly ash and river sediment and NRCC MESS-1 and BCSS-1 standard reference materials with good accuracy and precision by using an ARL 34000 Quantometer. The coefficient of variation (n = 10) at the 100-ppb level of As was 7.2%, and the detection limit was 1.4 ng for a 0.17 mL sample volume The calibration graph was rectilinear for 0.01 to 1 ppm of As. Cobalt, Ni, Ag, Au, Bi, Te and Sn interfered. About 200 injections h-1 were possible.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
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			'hits' => '7',
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			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Departments of Geology and Chemistry and the Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1 Canada',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85797-9',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''A flow injection/hydride generation system for the determination of arsenic by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1984 161(1) 275-283',
			'firstchar' => 'A',
			'twochars' => 'A ',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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				[maximum depth reached]
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			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '004924',
			'authors' => 'Tioh, N.H.;Israel, Y.;Barnes, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Ngee-Heng Tioh, Yecheskel Israel and Ramon M. Barnes',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic in glycerol by flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1986V0184P00205',
			'year' => '1986',
			'volume' => '184',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '205',
			'endpage' => '212',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0796;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => '',
			'abstract' => 'A flow injection system is used to mix glycerol solution, containing 0.12 to 3.0 &micro;g g-1 of As, with 1.1% NaBH4 solution (in 0.2 or 0.5 M NaOH) - 6 M HCl (10:49). The generated AsH3 is removed in a vapor - liquid flow cell and determined directly by ICP-AES at 193.7 nm, with Ar as carrier gas (0.39 l min-1). The calibration graph was rectilinear in the range 0.12 to 3.0 &micro;g mL-1 of As with a coefficient of variation of 1.4%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
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			'hits' => '2',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:50:25',
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			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)86483-1',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic in glycerol by flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1986 184(1) 205-212',
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			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
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		(int) 4 => array(
			'id' => '005937',
			'authors' => 'Valdes Hevia y Temprano, M.C.;Aizpun Fernandez, B.;Fernandez De La Campa, M.R.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. C. Vald&eacute;s-Hevia y Temprano, B. Aizp&uacute;n Fern&aacute;ndez, M. R. Fern&aacute;ndez de la Campa and A. Sanz-Medel*',
			'title' => 'Study of the influence of ordered media on the determination of lead by hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1993V0283P00175',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '283',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '175',
			'endpage' => '182',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0083;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0261;0217;',
			'abstract' => 'Several micelle- and vesicle-forming substances were examined for use in the continuous-flow generation of plumbane. The best results were obtained with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (I) micelles and didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (II) vesicles. For the analyzes, the test solution (containing 0.1 mM I or 1 mM II), 2% HNO3 and aqueous 6% ammonium thiosulfate were merged in a four-channel union cross and the resulting solution was merged with 10% NaBH4 solution in aqueous 0.1% NaOH before passing to the grid nebulizer of an ICP spectrometer with a 40 MHz source unit. Best results were obtained with the I-containing system; the detection limit was 9 ng/ml and the RSD (n = 50) was 1.4% at 50 ng/ml. Interference studies for a range of elements and anions showed that Se, As, Hg and Sn were less troublesome in the presence of I. The method was applied to the determination of Pb in commercial apple, orange and pineapple juices without pre-treatment.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '1',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 16:10:44',
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			'pauthor_id' => '00301',
			'pauthor' => '!Sanz Medel, A.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0003-2670(93)85220-E',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Study of the influence of ordered media on the determination of lead by hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1993 283(1) 175-182',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'St',
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		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '008039',
			'authors' => 'Nakata, F.;Sunahara, H.;Fujimoto, H.;Yamamoto, M.;Kumamaru, T.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Fumio Nakata, Hiroshi Sunahara, Hiroyoshi Fujimoto, Manabu Yamamoto and Takahiro Kumamaru',
			'title' => 'Determination of germanium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with flow injection',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P00579',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '579',
			'endpage' => '582',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1037;',
			'matrices' => ';0642;0890;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0173;0258;0440;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'The sample (20 to 40 mg) of single-crystal gallium arsenide was dissolved in HNO3 and the solution was diluted with water to 25 mL. A 1 mL aliquot was analyzed by a system (illustrated) consisting of a PTFE flow injection manifold by which the sample is mixed with sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.5), NaBH4 solution and Ar (carrier gas), and a gas - liquid separator, constructed from micro-porous PTFE (cf. Yamamoto et al., Anal. Chem., 1987, 59, 2446), that delivers the generated hydrides directly into the sample introduction tube of the ICP torch (central orifice 0.6 mm i.d.) for determination of Ge at 265.18 nm. The calibration graph was rectilinear for 1 ng mL-1 to 10 &micro;g mL-1 of Ge; the detection limit was 0.4 ng mL-1. By using the method of standard additions, recovery of 4 ng mL-1 of Ge from non-doped, Zn-doped and Si-doped gallium arsenide was satisfactory, but no indigenous Ge was detected. The method was also applied in the analysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (sample prep. described); recoveries were 90 to 120%, and 2.5 to 3.1 ng mL-1 of Ge was detected, which is better than the detection limit (5 ng mL-1) of the official method. The sample throughput was ~150 h-1.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '4',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:04',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Hiroshima Univ., Dept. Environ. Sci., Fac. Eng., Hiroshima 724 Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880300579',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of germanium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with flow injection', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(4) 579-582',
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			'twochars' => 'De',
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		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '008044',
			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Viczian, M.;Lasztity, A.;Barnes, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoru Wang, Miklos Viczian, Alexandra Lasztity and Ramon M. Barnes',
			'title' => 'Lead hydride generation for isotope analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P00821',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '821',
			'endpage' => '827',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1365;1364;2674;2675;',
			'matrices' => ';0962;0522;0732;0372;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;0356;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0322;0380;0462;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The hydride generator, which included a Thompson U-shaped glass phase separator or a porous PTFE tube separator, was coupled to a Sciex Elan 250 ICP-MS instrument. Generation and transfer of hydrides were optimized by flow injection ICP-MS; the best signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was obtained with 0.6% HCl, 5% of NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH solution and 1% of H2O2 (used for oxidation of Pb before hydride generation), and the optimum Ar flow rate was 1.46 l min-1. For standard solution containing 10 &micro;g L-1 of Pb, calibration graphs were obtained by the isotope-dilution technique for 204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb and 208Pb; the detection limits for each isotope were between 0.04 and 0.06 &micro;g l-1. The technique was applied in the determination of Pb in NBS SRM 1643 (trace elements in water); recovery was quantitative and the coefficient of variation was 1.2% (n = 3). Ion abundances were also determined in certified galena and Pb samples (prep. described). The PTFE phase separator gave greater SNR and less interference. Interference from Fe(III) and Cu(II) was serious, but could be overcome by addition of sulfosalicylic acid and NaCN to the NaBH4 solution. The hydride-generation technique had significantly greater sensitivity for Pb than that involving nebulization.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '9',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:11',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880300821',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Lead hydride generation for isotope analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(6) 821-827',
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			'twochars' => 'Le',
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		(int) 7 => array(
			'id' => '008045',
			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Barnes, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoru Wang and Ramon M. Barnes',
			'title' => 'Microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane gas-liquid separator for flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P01091',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '8',
			'startpage' => '1091',
			'endpage' => '1095',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0322;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'A gas - liquid phase separator is described that contains a micro-porous PTFE membrane clamped between grooved aluminum plates and is equipped with two inlet and two outlet ports. With flow injection controlled AsH3 generation, flow rates of 0.3 l min-1 for Ar carrier gas and 0.8 mL min-1 for sample were chosen. With use of a pore size of 1 &micro;m and a PTFE membrane supported on non-woven polyester, rectilinear calibration graphs for both peak height and area were obtained in the range 25 to 200 ng mL-1 of As. With 40 &micro;L sample injections, a steady response signal was attained in ~3 s and the absolute detection limit (peak area) was ~1 pg of As. At 100 ng mL-1 of As the precision was 6%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:14',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880301091',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane gas-liquid separator for flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(8) 1091-1095',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 8 => array(
			'id' => '008046',
			'authors' => 'Barnes, R.M.;Wang, X.R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Ramon M. Barnes and Xiaoru Wang',
			'title' => 'Micro-porous polytetrafluoroethylene-tubing gas - liquid separator for hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P01083',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '8',
			'startpage' => '1083',
			'endpage' => '1089',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0302;0322;0380;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'For the determination of As by AsH3 generation - ICP-AES, a concentric gas - liquid phase separator based on micro-porous PTFE tubing was tested under both continuous and flow injection generation conditions. Various physical operating parameters, e.g., tubing diameter and porosity and carrier gas flow rate, were optimized, and performance matched that of conventional, dual-phase and packed-bead separators for both continuous and flow injection generation. With continuous generation a rectilinear calibration graph was obtained for the range 15 to 100 ng mL-1 of As. For a reference material certified at 76 &plusmn; 7 ng mL-1 of As, the determined content was 79.6 &plusmn; 4.2 ng mL-1.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '10',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:12',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880301083',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Micro-porous polytetrafluoroethylene-tubing gas - liquid separator for hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(8) 1083-1089',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 9 => array(
			'id' => '008057',
			'authors' => 'Menendez Garcia, A.;Sanchez Uria, J.E.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Alberto Men&eacute;ndez Garc&iacute;a, J. Enrique S&aacute;nchez Ur&iacute;a and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic in an organic phase by coupling continuous-flow extraction - hydride generation with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1989V0004P00581',
			'year' => '1989',
			'volume' => '4',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '581',
			'endpage' => '585',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0061;0093;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0153;0322;0217;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Arsenic is extracted (as AsI3) from sample solution into xylene in the presence of KI and HCl, and the extract is mixed with NaBH4 in DMF and acetic acid in a continuous-flow apparatus. The mixture is passed through a gas - liquid separator, and AsH3 is determined by ICP-AES at 228.81 nm. The calibration graph is rectilinear from 0.01 to 100 &micro;g mL-1. The coefficient of variation is 2.0% at 0.1 &micro;g mL-1 (n = 10). There is no interference by equal amounts of Pt, up to 17.5-fold amounts of Cu or up to 50-fold amounts of many metals, Se or Ge. The limit of detection is 0.7 ng mL-1. The method is applied to alloys and biological reference material.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '18',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:29',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Univ. Oviedo, Dept. Phys. and Anal. Chem., Fac. Chem., Oviedo Spain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9890400581',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic in an organic phase by coupling continuous-flow extraction - hydride generation with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1989 4(7) 581-585',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 10 => array(
			'id' => '008124',
			'authors' => 'Valdes Hevia y Temprano, M.C.;Fernandez De La Campa, M.R.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. C. Vald&eacute;s-Hevia y Temprano, M. R. Fern&aacute;ndez de la Campa and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Generation of volatile cadmium species with sodium tetrahydroborate from organized media: application to cadmium determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1993V0008P00847',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '847',
			'endpage' => '852',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0478;',
			'matrices' => ';0882;',
			'techniques' => ';0417;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0261;0342;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For the continuous-flow determination of Cd by hydride-generation ICP-AES, generation was with 4% NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH as reagent (0.75 ml/min) in a micellar medium of 0.01 mM didodecyldimethylammonium bromide in 0.4 M HCl (0.75 ml/min) to aid separation. A r.f. plasma with forward power of 900 W and detection at 214.44 nm was used. Calibration graphs were rectilinear for 1 &micro;g/ml of Cd with a detection limit of 1 ng/ml and RSD of 2.1% at 50 ng/ml of Cd. The method was applied to the determination of Cd in tea infusions containing 5.8-22 ng/ml of Cd.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '7',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:50:02',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9930800847',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Generation of volatile cadmium species with sodium tetrahydroborate from organized media: application to cadmium determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1993 8(6) 847-852',
			'firstchar' => 'G',
			'twochars' => 'Ge',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 11 => array(
			'id' => '008125',
			'authors' => 'Valdes Hevia y Temprano, M.C.;Fernandez De La Campa, M.R.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. C. Vald&eacute;s-Hevia y Temprano, M. R. Fern&aacute;ndez de la Campa and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Sensitive method for determination of lead by potassium dichromate-lactic acid hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1993V0008P00821',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '821',
			'endpage' => '825',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0355;0086;0862;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0380;0302;0440;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For the continuous-flow determination of Pb as PbH4 by hydride-generation ICP-AES, generation with use of 0.3% K2Cr2O7/3% lactic acid and 5% NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH as reagents was chosen and optimization of the detection limit was studied. With use of a r.f. forward power of 700 W and detection at 220.353 nm, a detection limit of 2 ng/ml of Pb was obtained with an RSD of 1.3% at 50 ng/ml. The cited method was applied to the determination of Pb in soft-drinks, sediment and lichen reference materials. Soft drinks, containing 11-66 ng/ml, were injected directly and Pb was determined with the aid of a standard-additions procedure.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '7',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:50:00',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00301',
			'pauthor' => '!Sanz Medel, A.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9930800821',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Sensitive method for determination of lead by potassium dichromate-lactic acid hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1993 8(6) 821-825',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Se',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 12 => array(
			'id' => '008150',
			'authors' => 'Uggerud, H.;Lund, W.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Hilde Uggerud and Walter Lund',
			'title' => 'Use of thiourea in the determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1995V0010P00405',
			'year' => '1995',
			'volume' => '10',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '405',
			'endpage' => '408',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;2138;2284;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A study was made of thiourea as an agent for the pre-reduction and masking of interferences in the multi-element determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Thiourea reduces arsenic and antimony from the pentavalent to the trivalent state, without preventing the determination of tetravalent selenium and tellurium. Thiourea also eliminates the interference from a number of metals in the determination of arsenic, antimony and bismuth, but it is not effective for selenium and tellurium.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:20:23',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Univ. Oslo, Dept. Chem., 0315 Oslo Norway',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9951000405',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Use of thiourea in the determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1995 10(5) 405-408',
			'firstchar' => 'U',
			'twochars' => 'Us',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 13 => array(
			'id' => '008186',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Saidman, E.;Marchevsky, E.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. MARTINEZ, E. SAIDMAN, E. MARCHEVSKY and R. OLSINA',
			'title' => 'Determination of selenium in geochemical samples by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry following online removal of iron interference by anion exchange',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1997V0012P00487',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '12',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '487',
			'endpage' => '490',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0428;0380;0520;0322;0217;0127;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A 0.5 g sample was acid-digested by the method of Subramanian (Fresenius' Z. Anal. Chem., 1981, 305, 382), the product was heated with HCl at 90&deg;C for 1 h to reduce Se(VI) to Se(IV), and the resulting solution was diluted to 25 mL. This solution was pumped into the manifold illustrated for retention of the Fe on a microcolumn of Dowex 1-X8, and then passed to an injection valve for injection of a 0.7 mL portion into a carrier stream of water that subsequently merged with streams of 6 M HCl and 0.6% NaBH4 solution. The hydride was then generated in a reaction coil and passed via a gas-liquid separator to the plasma in a stream of Ar. The calibration graph was linear up to 30 ng/ml of Se with a detection limit of 0.3 ng/ml. The RSD (n = 10) was 2% at 20 ng/ml of Se. The results for geochemical standard reference materials agreed well with the certified values.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '22',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:48:26',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Olsina, R.',
			'address' => 'Area de Qu&#305;mica Anal&#305;tica, Facultad de Qu&#305;mica, Bioqu&#305;mica y Farmacia; Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera, 5700-San Luis, Argentina',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/a606884g',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of selenium in geochemical samples by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry following online removal of iron interference by anion exchange', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1997 12(4) 487-490',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 14 => array(
			'id' => '008530',
			'authors' => 'Hwang, J.D.;Guenther, G.D.;Diomiguardi, J.P.',
			'authorsweb' => 'J. David Hwang, Gary D. Guenther, and John P. Diomiguardi',
			'title' => 'Hydride-generator system for a 1-kW inductively coupled plasma',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0499',
			'fadid' => 'ANCH1989V0061P00285',
			'year' => '1989',
			'volume' => '61',
			'issue' => '3',
			'startpage' => '285',
			'endpage' => '288',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;0433;0266;2138;2363;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A continuous-flow hydride-generation system is described for use with a 1-kW ICP. Acidified sample solution and NaBH4 solution are pumped continuously by a multi-channel peristaltic pump into the hydride generator, wherein the sample solution flows down the outside of the NaBH4 tube and mixes and reacts with the NaBH4 solution as it emerges, thereby overcoming the dilution effects that occur in conventional hydride-generation systems. Also, smaller amounts of gaseous by-products are produced, thereby yielding a more stable plasma. Detection limits were 0.1, 1.4, 0.6, 0.3 and 1 ng mL-1 for As, Bi, Sb, Se and Sn, respectively, which are 30 to 700 times better than obtained with pneumatic nebulization.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '3',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 18:35:26',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Hwang, J.D.',
			'address' => 'Occidental Chemical Corporation, Technology Center, 2801 Long Road, Grand Island, New York 14072 USA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1021/ac00178a021',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Hydride-generator system for a 1-kW inductively coupled plasma', Anal. Chem., 1989 61(3) 285-288',
			'firstchar' => 'H',
			'twochars' => 'Hy',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 15 => array(
			'id' => '008971',
			'authors' => 'Yokoi, K.;Kimura, M.;Itokawa, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Katsuhiko Yokoi, Mieko Kimura and Yoshinori Itokawa',
			'title' => 'Miniature hydride-generator system for inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1990V0336P00423',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '336',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '423',
			'endpage' => '424',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2363;1037;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0322;0109;0285;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'In the cited continuous-flow hydride-generator system (described and illustrated), sample solution is mixed with trichloroacetic acid solution and NaBH4 solution in NaOH and passed through a gas - liquid separator (diagram given). The generated hydrides were passed into the ICP by Ar carrier gas (1 l min-1). A Shimadzu ICPS-1000 II sequential plasma spectrometer was used to determine Sn and Ge at 189.989 and 209.423 nm, respectively. The detection limits were 30 and 150 pg mL-1 for Sn and Ge, respectively; ~100-fold better than those of conventional pneumatic nebulizer ICP-AES.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '2',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:38:20',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Yokoi, K.',
			'address' => 'Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-chou, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, 606 Kyoto, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00321893',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Miniature hydride-generator system for inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1990 336(5) 423-424',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 16 => array(
			'id' => '008990',
			'authors' => 'Schramel, P.;Xu, L.Q.',
			'authorsweb' => 'P. Schramel and Li-Qiang Xu',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tin in biological and environmental samples by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES without gas-liquid separator',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1991V0340P00041',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '340',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '41',
			'endpage' => '47',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;2138;2363;',
			'matrices' => ';0093;0404;',
			'techniques' => ';0416;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0285;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Arsenic, Sb, Bi, Se and Sn were simultaneously determined in samples by ICP-AES with use of the cited hydride-generation system (diagram given) at 1.5 kW. Samples were digested (i) under pressure with 70% HNO3 in a closed vessel at 170&deg;C for 10 h and (ii) with HNO3 - ClHO4 - H2SO4 (details given). Sample solution in 30% HCl - 20% HNO3 were mixed with a reductant solution consisting of 3% NaBH4 and 2% KI prior to nebulization in the ICP spectrometer and determination by AES. Interferences caused by Cu and Ni ions were eliminated with use of the reductant. In general results were in good agreement with certified values; detection limits were at the ng level.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '11',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 02:18:18',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '01281',
			'pauthor' => '!Schramel, P.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00324390',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tin in biological and environmental samples by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES without gas-liquid separator', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1991 340(1) 41-47',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 17 => array(
			'id' => '009109',
			'authors' => 'Menendez Garcia, A.;Perez Rodriguez, M.C.;Sanchez Uria, J.E.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'A. Men&eacute;ndez Garc&iacute;a, M. C. P&eacute;rez Rodr&iacute;guez, J. E. S&aacute;nchez Uria and A. Sanz-Medel ',
			'title' => 'Antimony(III) and antimony(V) separation and analytical speciation by a continuous tandem online separation device in connection with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1995V0353P00128',
			'year' => '1995',
			'volume' => '353',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '128',
			'endpage' => '132',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0267;0269;',
			'matrices' => ';0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0436;0217;0520;0260;0322;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For Sb(III) determination a stream of sample (0.75 ml/min) mixed with 0.2 M ammonium citrate/NaOH buffer solution of pH 6 was merged with a stream (0.7 ml/min) of 0.1% pyrrolidine-1-dithiocarboxylic acid ammonium salt and the resulting stream (1.45 ml/min) then merged with IBMK (0.5 ml/min) at a solvent segmenter. Extraction took place in an extraction coil (270 cm x 0.7 mm i.d.) and the consecutive organic and aqueous segments were separated at a membrane phase separator. The aqueous phase as collected for Sb(V) determinations and the organic phase was mixed with glacial acetic acid (1 ml/min) and 2% sodium tetrahydroborate in DMF (0.5 ml/min) for stibine generation. The stibine formed was transferred to the ICP torch by Ar (0.3 l/min) and Sb was monitored at 217.58 nm. For Sb(V) determination the aqueous phase collected above was acidified with HCl to give a final concentration of 3 M HCl and mixed with 2% KI. The resulting solution was used for hydride generation ICP-AES with 1% NaBH4. The calibration graph was linear up to 100 &micro;g/ml with detection limits of 3 ng/ml of Sb(III) and 8 ng/ml of Sb(V). RSD (n = 10) were 4% for 100 ng/ml Sb(III) and 5% for 100 ng/ml Sb(V). Interferences by ions found in sea and estuarine water was tabulated and discussed. The method was applied to Sb determination in seawater.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '8',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:19:55',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00301',
			'pauthor' => '!Sanz Medel, A.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00322945',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Antimony(III) and antimony(V) separation and analytical speciation by a continuous tandem online separation device in connection with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1995 353(2) 128-132',
			'firstchar' => 'A',
			'twochars' => 'An',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 18 => array(
			'id' => '009114',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Baucells, M.;Pelfort, E.;Roura, M.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. Martinez, M. Baucells, E. Pelfort, M. Roura, R. Olsina',
			'title' => 'Removal of iron interference in the determination of selenium in geological samples by continuous-flow hydride generation ICP-AES',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1996V0354P00126',
			'year' => '1996',
			'volume' => '354',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '126',
			'endpage' => '127',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0380;0217;',
			'abstract' => 'Samples (0.5 g) were digested with 6 mL HCl and 2 mL HNO3, the mixture was cooled, 5 mL HClO4 and 10 mL HF were added and the mixture was left overnight. The solution was evaporated until fumes of HClO4 ceased. This step was repeated until complete solution was obtained, the liquid was treated with 4 mL water and 2 mL HNO3 and diluted to 20 mL with water. The pH was adjusted to 0.5-2 with NH3, 10 mL 2% aqueous ammonium pyrrolidine-1-yl-dithioformate was added and the Fe(III) complex formed was extracted into 10 mL CHCl3. This step was repeated until the extracts were colorless. The aqueous phase was heated with 1 mL HNO3, the Se(VI) was reduced to Se(IV) by heating in 6 M HCl at 60&deg;C for 30 min and the solution was diluted to a suitable volume. In the flow system, 0.6% NaBH4 in 0.5% NaOH was pumped at 1 ml/min, 6 M HCl at 1 ml/min and the sample solution at 6 ml/min. After mixing in a reaction coil, the solution was transferred to a gas-liquid separator and the gas phase was transported into the ICP-AES with Ar (90 ml/min) for measurement. The detection limit was 0.15 ng/ml of Se. Recovery of 50 and 300 ng of Se averaged 96 &plusmn; 2.8% and 99 &plusmn; 1.1% respectively. Satisfactory results were obtained on three certified samples.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-07-28 10:15:02',
			'hits' => '1',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-24 16:56:35',
			'urlcheckcode' => '',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Roura, M.',
			'address' => 'Serveis Cientifico-T&eagrave;cnics, Universitat de Barcelona, Lluis Sole i Sabar&iacute;s 1-3, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'NA SJC 102414 Contact Springer',
			'url' => 'NA',
			'urltype' => 'NA',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Removal of iron interference in the determination of selenium in geological samples by continuous-flow hydride generation ICP-AES', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1996 354(1) 126-127',
			'firstchar' => 'R',
			'twochars' => 'Re',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 19 => array(
			'id' => '009153',
			'authors' => 'Jamoussi, B.;Zafzouf, M.;Ben Hassine, B.',
			'authorsweb' => '. Jamoussi, M. Zafzouf and B. Ben Hassine',
			'title' => 'Interferences by transition metals and their elimination by cyanide as a complexing agent in the determination of arsenic using continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES system',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1996V0356P00331',
			'year' => '1996',
			'volume' => '356',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '331',
			'endpage' => '334',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The suppressing effects of ppm amounts of Cu, Pb, Co, Au, Pd, and Ni in the determination of As by hydride-generation (HG) ICP-AES were eliminated by use of cyanide as masking agent. In the determination of As by continuous-flow HG ICP-AES, 0.1 M KCN (2.5 ml/min) was mixed with 2% NaBH4 in 1% NaOH (2.5 ml/min), and the mixture was combined with the sample stream (2.75 ml/min) in a V-shaped reaction vessel, and the resulting AsH3 was swept by Ar, via a water condenser, into the ICP source (operating conditions tabulated) and the intensity of the As emission was recorded at 279.55 nm. Under the cited conditions up to 100 &micro;g/ml of the interfering elements could be tolerated. The limit of detection was 0.82 ng/ml of As, and for 50 ng/ml of As the RSD was 1.3% (n = 10).',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:35:40',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Ben Hassine, B.',
			'address' => 'Facult&eacute; des Sciences de Monastir D&eacute;partment de Chimie, 5000 Monastir, Tunisie',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/s0021663560331',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Interferences by transition metals and their elimination by cyanide as a complexing agent in the determination of arsenic using continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES system', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1996 356(5) 331-334',
			'firstchar' => 'I',
			'twochars' => 'In',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 20 => array(
			'id' => '009183',
			'authors' => 'Feng, Y.L.;Narasaki, H.;Chen, H.Y.;Tian, L.C.',
			'authorsweb' => ' Yong-Lai Feng, H. Narasaki, Hong-Yuan Chen, Li-Ching Tian',
			'title' => 'Semi-automatic determination of tin in marine materials by continuous-flow hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1997V0357P00822',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '357',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '822',
			'endpage' => '826',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2363;',
			'matrices' => ';0404;0714;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0086;0109;0217;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Sample (1.25 g) was equilibrated overnight with 15 mL 68% HNO3 and 2 mL 70% HClO4, then digested by heating with 0.5 mL concentrated H2SO4. The resulting solution was adjusted to pH 3.5 with 4 M NaOH and passed through a DIAION SA 10A anion-exchange resin column (15 cm x 8 mm i.d.; Mitsubishi Kasei Corp., Tokyo, Japan). The eluate was mixed with 3.5 mL 3 M H2SO4 and 2.5 mL 10% L-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate, diluted to 25 mL and then analyzed for Sn by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES at 189.93 nm (operating conditions given). The detection limit was 0.4 ng/mL Sn and the RSD (n = 10) was 0.5%. The effects of varying the H2SO4, NaBH4 (hydride-generating reagent) and NaOH concentrations, Ar (carrier gas) and NaBH4 flow rates and the ratio of flow rates of sample solution and NaBH4 were investigated (results presented). The effects of interferents were also investigated, along with seven methods for masking interference (results tabulated). The method was applied to an environmental (marine) CRM. The result agreed with the certified value and the RSD (n = 6) was 0.95%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '19',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:47:33',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => '?',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/s002160050256',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Semi-automatic determination of tin in marine materials by continuous-flow hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1997 357(7) 822-826',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Se',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 21 => array(
			'id' => '009184',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Baucells, M.;Pelfort, E.;Roura, M.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. Martinez, M. Baucells, E. Pelfort, M. Roura, R. Olsina',
			'title' => 'Selenium determination by hydride-generation ICP-AES: elimination of iron interferences by means of an ion-exchange resin in a continuous-flow system',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1997V0357P00850',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '357',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '850',
			'endpage' => '852',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0428;0380;0520;0322;0217;0127;0385;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'Sample solution prepared from geological materials (details given) was subjected to online SPE on a Dowex 50W-X8 cation-exchange column (5-10 cm x 3 mm i.d.) at 2 ml/min to remove Fe. A portion (500 &micro;L) of the extract was injected into a water stream (6 ml/min), which merged with a stream (1 ml/min) of 6N-HCl and a stream (1 ml/min) of 0.6% NaBH4. The flow passed through a reaction coil (dimensions not given) and into a gas-liquid separator. Volatile hydrides were carried in Ar (90 ml/min) into a plasma torch for ICP-AES determination of Se (operating conditions given). The column eliminated interference from 2.5 mg/ml Fe in the determination of 20 ng/ml Se. The detection limit ws 0.4 ng/ml Se, recoveries were 98-99.5% and the RSD (n = 10) was 2%. Calibration details are not given. The method was applied to geological CRM. The results agreed with the certified values.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-07-28 10:15:57',
			'hits' => '18',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:47:36',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00344',
			'pauthor' => '!Martinez, L.D.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/s002160050261',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Selenium determination by hydride-generation ICP-AES: elimination of iron interferences by means of an ion-exchange resin in a continuous-flow system', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1997 357(7) 850-852',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Se',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 22 => array(
			'id' => '009391',
			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Zhuang, Z.X.;Yang, P.Y.;Huang, B.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Wang X. O., Zhuang Z. X., Yang P. Y. and Huang B. L.',
			'title' => 'Hyphenated techniques combined with atomic spectrometry for environmental studies',
			'journal' => 'Microchem. J.',
			'journal_id' => '0639',
			'fadid' => 'MCHJ1995V0051P00088',
			'year' => '1995',
			'volume' => '51',
			'issue' => '1-2',
			'startpage' => '88',
			'endpage' => '98',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1471;1466;',
			'matrices' => ';0852;0882;0394;0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0038;0256;0455;0461;0465;0481;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0389;0097;0434;0520;0436;0475;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The development and application of hyphenated techniques combined with atomic spectrometries for environmental analysis at Xiamen University, China, are described. The techniques include: flow injection online microcolumns combined with AAS, GFAAS, ICP AFS and ICP-AES for trace and ultratrace analysis of water; flow injection online solvent extraction combined with AAS and ICP-AES; flow injection online hydride generation for the elemental analysis of Chinese herbs and rain by AAS and ICP-AES; flow injection online coprecipitation-dissolution for the determination of trace heavy metals in seawater and rain by GFAAS and ICP-AES; and HPLC combined with ICP-AES for multielement speciation analysis of Chinese tea.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '40',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:22:10',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Xiamen Univ., Dept. Chem., Res. Center Environ. Sci., Xiamen 361005 China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1006/mchj.1995.1012',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Hyphenated techniques combined with atomic spectrometry for environmental studies', Microchem. J., 1995 51(1-2) 88-98',
			'firstchar' => 'H',
			'twochars' => 'Hy',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 23 => array(
			'id' => '009493',
			'authors' => 'Yokoi, K.;Kimura, M.;Itokawa, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Katsuhiko Yokoi, Mieko Kimura and Yoshinori Itokawa',
			'title' => 'Determination of tin in biological samples using gaseous hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Biochem.',
			'journal_id' => '0570',
			'fadid' => 'ANBI1990V0190P00071',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '190',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '71',
			'endpage' => '77',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2363;',
			'matrices' => ';0219;0194;0210;0259;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0118;0322;0109;0520;0520;0231;',
			'abstract' => 'Liver, brain, testis or kidney was homogenized and heated with HNO3 and HClO4 in Kjeldahl flasks until white fumes appeared. Water was added with heating until the solution was clear and colorless. An aliquot of the solution was treated with trichloroacetic acid (I) and diluted with water to 0.2% in I. This solution was mixed, in a continuous-flow hydride-generation system (diagram given), with 1% I solution and then with 0.5% NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH solution and passed through a gas - liquid separator (design presented) and the hydride, in an Ar-stream, was determined by ICP-AES at 189.989 nm. The limit of detection was 30 pg mL-1 of Sn, mean recovery was 87 to 99% and the coefficient of variation was 1.2%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:35:44',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-chou, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0003-2697(90)90135-V',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of tin in biological samples using gaseous hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Anal. Biochem., 1990 190(1) 71-77',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 24 => array(
			'id' => '010562',
			'authors' => 'Nakahara, T.;Nakanishi, K.;Wasa, T.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Taketoshi Nakahara, Kuniyuki Nakanishi and Tamotsu Wasa',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace concentrations of bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with hydride generation',
			'journal' => 'Spectrochim. Acta B',
			'journal_id' => '0650',
			'fadid' => 'SCAB1987V0042P00119',
			'year' => '1987',
			'volume' => '42',
			'issue' => '1-2',
			'startpage' => '119',
			'endpage' => '128',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0433;',
			'matrices' => ';0044;0727;0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;0416;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0380;0440;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The continuous-flow hydride-generation apparatus used was as described previously (Anal. Chim. Acta, 1981, 131, 73; Appl. Spectrosc., 1983, 37, 539). The sample solution in 1 M HCl and 1% NaBH4 solution in 1% NaOH were pumped at 16 and 5.5 mL min-1, respectively, and the BiH3 evolved was carried to the ICP in a stream of Ar for the emission intensity at 223.06 nm to be measured. The instrumental coefficient of variation (n = 10) for 0.5, 2, 20 and 200 ng mL-1 of Bi were 3.5, 2.8, 2.2 and 1.3%, respectively, the limit of detection was 0.35 ng mL-1, and a graph of emission intensity vs. log. Bi concentration. was rectilinear for ~1 ng mL-1 to ~10 &micro;g mL-1. The method of standard additions was used for actual determinations, in the presence of 0.1 M thiourea to minimize interference. Results for various geological reference standards, standard copper and standard aluminum alloys (digestion procedures described) agreed well with reported or certified values.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '22',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:28:56',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00271',
			'pauthor' => '!Nakahara, T.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0584-8547(87)80055-1',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace concentrations of bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with hydride generation', Spectrochim. Acta B, 1987 42(1-2) 119-128',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 25 => array(
			'id' => '010579',
			'authors' => 'Tao, H.;Boyko, V.J.;McLaren, J.W.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Hiroaki Tao*, Victor J. Boyko and James W. Mclaren',
			'title' => 'Improvements in the signal-to-background ratio with hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Spectrochim. Acta B',
			'journal_id' => '0650',
			'fadid' => 'SCAB1993V0048P01339',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '48',
			'issue' => '11',
			'startpage' => '1339',
			'endpage' => '1345',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0253;0409;',
			'abstract' => 'An investigation of the effects of torch position and of diameter of the central tube of the ICP torch on signal-to-background ratio and reflected power in hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry has identified conditions under which a stable plasma can be sustained at only 0.5 kW with a five times better signal-to-background ratio for Se than could be obtained at 1.4 kW. The improved performance is attributed to a more efficient introduction of hydrogen to the central channel of the plasma. [References: 15]',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:55:15',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => '!Mclaren, J.W.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0584-8547(93)80122-B',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Improvements in the signal-to-background ratio with hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Spectrochim. Acta B, 1993 48(11) 1339-1345',
			'firstchar' => 'I',
			'twochars' => 'Im',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 26 => array(
			'id' => '010674',
			'authors' => 'Tao, H.;Miyazaki, A.;Bansho, K.',
			'authorsweb' => 'H. TAO, A. MIYAZAKI and K. BANSHO',
			'title' => 'Hydride-generation system with a hydrogen separation membrane for low-power inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Sci.',
			'journal_id' => '0963',
			'fadid' => 'ANSC1990V0006P00195',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '6',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '195',
			'endpage' => '199',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;1037;0266;2363;',
			'matrices' => 'NA',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0109;0058;0349;0253;',
			'abstract' => 'A hydrogen separation membrane module is described consisting of hollow aromatic polyimide fibers. The module, operated at ~90&deg;C, was connected to a continuous-flow hydride generator (diagram given) for removal of H before analysis of the hydrides by ICP-AES with Ar as carrier gas. Detection limits obtained for As, Ge, Hg, Sb and Sn are tabulated. The coefficient of variation were 1% at 50 ng mL-1 of each element. Calibration graphs were rectilinear from the detection limit to 100 &micro;g mL-1. Online pre-concentration with use of the module could not be carried out with He instead of Ar as carrier gas beause He permeated the membrane reducing its flow rate.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-07-05 22:44:26',
			'hits' => '4',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:36:13',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Bansho, K.',
			'address' => 'National Research Institute for Pollution and Resources, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.2116/analsci.6.195',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Hydride-generation system with a hydrogen separation membrane for low-power inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry', Anal. Sci., 1990 6(2) 195-199',
			'firstchar' => 'H',
			'twochars' => 'Hy',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 27 => array(
			'id' => '010920',
			'authors' => 'Li, Z.;McIntosh, S.A.;Slavin, W.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Zhang Li, Susan McIntosh and Walter Slavin',
			'title' => 'Simultaneous determination of hydride and non-hydride forming elements by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Proc.',
			'journal_id' => '0866',
			'fadid' => 'ANPR1992V0029P00438',
			'year' => '1992',
			'volume' => '29',
			'issue' => '10',
			'startpage' => '438',
			'endpage' => '439',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;2138;0266;0433;0478;0642;0684;1293;1430;1575;1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0962;0961;0965;0350;0058;0372;0559;0395;0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0481;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0380;0158;0285;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'Arsenic, Se, Sb, Bi, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb were determined in the NIST environmental standard reference materials steel, coal fly ash, urban particulated and 1643b water by ICP-AES. A Perkin-Elmer FIAS-2000 flow injection system was used for hydride generation (experimental conditions tabulated). The sample solution was split into two streams, one being pumped directly to the nebulizer, the other mixed with HCl and NaBH4 solution in the mixing tubes of the chemifold. After separation, the hydride was swept into the spray chamber through a slightly modified cross-flow nebulizer cap. The hydride was then carried into the plasma together with sample aerosol. Recoveries of 20 &micro;g L-1 of As, Sb and Se and 50 &micro;g L-1 of non-hydride forming elements in river- and seawater standards were >80%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '34',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:34:12',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '01441',
			'pauthor' => '!Slavin, W.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/AP9922900436',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Simultaneous determination of hydride and non-hydride forming elements by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Anal. Proc., 1992 29(10) 438-439',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Si',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 28 => array(
			'id' => '010986',
			'authors' => 'Sanz Medel, A.;Menendez Garcia, A.;Fernandez, M.L.;Sanchez Uria, J.E.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Tandem online separations: an alternative sample presentation in atomic spectrometry for ultra-trace analysis',
			'journal' => 'Acta Chim. Hung.',
			'journal_id' => '1039',
			'fadid' => 'ACHH1991V0128P00551',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '128',
			'issue' => '4-5',
			'startpage' => '551',
			'endpage' => '558',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0130;0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0058;0167;',
			'techniques' => ';0452;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0153;0349;0475;',
			'abstract' => 'The coupling of continuous-separation - pre-concentration. devices with atomic spectrometers for ultra-trace elementary analysis is discussed. Simple systems are first outlined, including solid - liquid and liquid - liquid online flow injection extraction coupled with AAS or ICP-AES for Al determination in biological fluids, and continuous gas - liquid separation coupled with ICP-AES for As determination in steel and as an introduction device for S2- determination in a microwave plasma. Examples are then given of tandem configurations in which two different continuous separation units are combined in a single online configuration. A tandem online device based on continuous extraction combined with hydride generation and coupled with ICP-AES for direct As, Sb and I- determinations is described, as well as a continuous liquid - liquid extraction device coupled with ICP-AES or AAS for indirect I- determination. Results show that many sensitivity and selectivity limitations of ultra-trace analysis can be overcome by the use of tandem online separation techniques.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2013-10-31 04:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2013-10-31 04:00:00',
			'urlcheckcode' => '',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'NA SJC 103113',
			'url' => 'NA',
			'urltype' => 'NA',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Tandem online separations: an alternative sample presentation in atomic spectrometry for ultra-trace analysis', Acta Chim. Hung., 1991 128(4-5) 551-558',
			'firstchar' => 'T',
			'twochars' => 'Ta',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 29 => array(
			'id' => '011570',
			'authors' => 'Etoh, M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic and selenium in coal and fly ash by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES',
			'journal' => 'Bunseki Kagaku',
			'journal_id' => '0965',
			'fadid' => 'BUNK1987V0036P00T95',
			'year' => '1987',
			'volume' => '36',
			'issue' => '9',
			'startpage' => 'T95',
			'endpage' => 'T99',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0558;0559;',
			'techniques' => ';0416;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;',
			'abstract' => 'Coal was digested with HNO4 and HClO3 and fly ash was digested with HNO3 and H2SO4. The As and Se were separated from co-existing elements (except for Sb, Sn and Ge) by distillation with HBr and Br. Arsenic and Se were determined by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES. Recoveries were 98 to 104%, and coefficient of variation were 2.4 to 3.5 and 2.7 to 4.5%, respectively, for As and Se. Tin, Sb and Ge did not interfere at concentration. present in the samples used.',
			'language' => 'Japanese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:14:38',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Etoh, M.',
			'address' => 'Nippon Engelhard Ltd., Ichikawa Lab., Ichikawa-shi, Chiba 272 Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.2116/bunsekikagaku.36.9_T95',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic and selenium in coal and fly ash by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES', Bunseki Kagaku, 1987 36(9) T95-T99',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 30 => array(
			'id' => '012302',
			'authors' => 'Chen, H.;Jiang, Z.C.;Kong, L.Y.;Zeng, Y.N.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Chen Hao;Jiang Zucheng;Kong Linying;Zen Yun'e',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace amounts of arsenic by flow injection analysis - hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectroscopy',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Ceshi Tongbao',
			'journal_id' => '0878',
			'fadid' => 'FXCT1990V0009P00009',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '9',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '9',
			'endpage' => '14',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0285;0217;0109;0302;',
			'abstract' => 'A double capillary nebulizer was used to generate the hydride of the analyte. Factors affecting line intensity in the flow injection system were investigated. The effects of several inorganic acids, their acidity and inter-element interference effects were examined. Under optimum conditions the detection limit of As was 5.2 mg mL-1; the coefficient of variation was 1.48% for 2 &micro;g mL-1 (n = 10). Recoveries of Al from NaCl and AlCl3.xH2O were >95%.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 17:49:33',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, The Center of Test and Measurement, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-TEST199001003.htm',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace amounts of arsenic by flow injection analysis - hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectroscopy', Fenxi Ceshi Tongbao, 1990 9(1) 9-14',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 31 => array(
			'id' => '012384',
			'authors' => 'Gao, H.;Li, K.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic, antimony and bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with flow injection analysis and hydride generation',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Huaxue',
			'journal_id' => '1033',
			'fadid' => 'FXHX1991V0019P01285',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '19',
			'issue' => '11',
			'startpage' => '1285',
			'endpage' => '1287',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;',
			'matrices' => ';0536;0552;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0440;',
			'abstract' => 'A 0.175-g ore or rock sample was wetted with a little water and then dissolved in 9 mL of HCl plus 3 mL of HNO3 and 1 mL of H2SO4 (1:1); after evaporation to fumes and cooling, 2.5 mL of HCl, 5 mL of 10% KI - 5% ascorbic acid - 5% thiourea solution and water were added to 25 mL. The solution was then carried at a flow-rate of 11 mL min-1 to react with 1% KBH4 solution (containing 0.2% of NaOH) at 5.5 mL min-1 in the flow injection system (diagram pesented), and the generated hydrides were carried by Ar (0.6 l min-1) for separation by a gas separator before passing to a direct-reading spectrometer for ICP-AES determination of As, Sb and Bi with measurement at 193.76, 217.5 and 306.7 nm, respectively. By the standard-additions method, recoveries were 94 to 107%. Determination ranges for As, Sb and Bi were up to 1000, 300 and 300 &micro;g g-1, respectively, and their corresponding detection limits were 0.2, 0.2 and 0.1 &micro;g g-1. Masking agents could be used to increase tolerance levels of the co-existing ions; background interferences in the gas phase could be corrected for.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 13:36:20',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'Checked SP 06/09/98',
			'url' => '210.14.121.5:8080/fxhx/homeAction!downloadArticleFile.action?attachType=PDF&id=8773',
			'urltype' => 'pdfurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic, antimony and bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with flow injection analysis and hydride generation', Fenxi Huaxue, 1991 19(11) 1285-1287',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 32 => array(
			'id' => '012429',
			'authors' => 'Wang, H.N.;Chen, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace arsenic in copper alloy by online flow injection - hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Huaxue',
			'journal_id' => '1033',
			'fadid' => 'FXHX1994V0022P00816',
			'year' => '1994',
			'volume' => '22',
			'issue' => '8',
			'startpage' => '816',
			'endpage' => '818',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0048;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0217;0385;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'Sample (1 g) was decomposed with 6 mL HNO3 and the pH was adjusted to 1 and diluted to 100 mL with water. The solution was injected into the analysis system and transferred by a stream of water at 1.6 ml/min to a column (5 cm x 5 mm i.d.) of cation-exchange resin and eluted with 2.2 M HCl at 4.4 ml/min; the eluate was mixed with 2.2 M HCl at 1.6 ml/min treated with 1% NaBH4 at 1 ml/min. The generated hydride was directly determined by ICP with measurement at 228.8 nm. The detection limit was 0.9 &micro;g/g. Interference from up to 10 mg/ml of Cu(II) could be eliminated. Recovery was 102-104%. Sampling frequency was 25 runs/h.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
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			'hits' => '0',
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			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Harbin Univ. Technol., Anal. ^amp Measurement Centre, Harbin 150006, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'CHECKED SC 12/23/98;Checked AP 06/08/98',
			'url' => '210.14.121.5:8080/fxhx/homeAction!downloadArticleFile.action?attachType=PDF&id=7635',
			'urltype' => 'pdfurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
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			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace arsenic in copper alloy by online flow injection - hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fenxi Huaxue, 1994 22(8) 816-818',
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			'twochars' => 'De',
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		(int) 33 => array(
			'id' => '012528',
			'authors' => 'Yu, X.;Chen, J.G.;Wang, S.Q.;Liao, Z.H.;Jiang, Z.C.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Yu Xin, Chen Jianguo, Wang Songqing, Liao Zhenhuan, Jiang Zucheng',
			'title' => 'Online determination of trace lead in high-salt food by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Kexue Xuebao',
			'journal_id' => '0880',
			'fadid' => 'FXKX1997V0013P00026',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '13',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '26',
			'endpage' => '29',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0415;1013;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0322;0440;',
			'abstract' => 'Salted vegetable (10 g) was homogenized then digested with 8 mL HNO3/HClO4 and evaporated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in 7.5 mL 0.5 M HCl and diluted with water to 25 mL. A 300 &micro;L portion of the solution was injected into the required setup (diagram illustrated) and flowed with a carrier stream of water at 3 ml/min to react with 15% H2O2 to oxidise lower valent Pb to high valent Pb before reaction with a stream of 4% NaBH4 in 0.8% NaOH at 1.5 ml/min, transferring to the gas-liquid separator, and detection of Pb in the Ar flow by ICP-AES with measurement at 220.35 nm. The calibration graph was linear from 0.005-1 &micro;g/ml Pb, with a detection limit of 1.6 ng/ml. When determining 50 ng/ml Pb, the RSD (n = 7) was 1.2%. By the standard-additions method, recoveries were 96.3-101.4%. The method was used in the analysis of e.g. pickled cabbage.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
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			'address' => 'Chemistry Department of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 China',
			'email' => 'NA',
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			'url' => 'en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-FXKX702.005.htm',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
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			'citation' => ''Online determination of trace lead in high-salt food by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fenxi Kexue Xuebao, 1997 13(2) 26-29',
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		(int) 34 => array(
			'id' => '012604',
			'authors' => 'Yu, X.;Chen, J.;Wang, S.;Liao, Z.;Jiang, Z.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Simultaneous determination of trace arsenic, antimony and bismuth in electrolytic copper sample by flow injection hydride generation coupled with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Shiyanshi',
			'journal_id' => '0881',
			'fadid' => 'FXSS1998V0017P00057',
			'year' => '1998',
			'volume' => '17',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '57',
			'endpage' => '59',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
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			'matrices' => ';0727;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0420;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The technique of flow injection hydride generation coupled with ICP-AES and its application on determining trace As, Sb and Bi in electrolytic Cu was studied. An effective method was established, the relative standard deviation for determination of As, Sb, Bi was 2.3, 1.8, 2.8% (n = 11), and the detection limit was 0.3, 0.3, 1.15 &micro;g/g respectively.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
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			'address' => 'Dept. Chem., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan 430072, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'Checked SC 06/24/99',
			'url' => 'en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-FXSY801.016.htm',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Simultaneous determination of trace arsenic, antimony and bismuth in electrolytic copper sample by flow injection hydride generation coupled with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Fenxi Shiyanshi, 1998 17(1) 57-59',
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		(int) 35 => array(
			'id' => '014198',
			'authors' => 'Campbell, A.D.',
			'authorsweb' => 'A. D. Campbell',
			'title' => 'A critical survey of hydride generation techniques in atomic spectroscopy',
			'journal' => 'Pure Appl. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0763',
			'fadid' => 'PACH1992V0064P00227',
			'year' => '1992',
			'volume' => '64',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '227',
			'endpage' => '244',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;1037;1359;2138;2284;2363;',
			'matrices' => 'NA',
			'techniques' => ';0465;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0389;0520;0217;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A review with 134 references. Formation of the hydrides of antimony, arsenic, bismuth, germanium, lead, selenium, tellurium and tin by reaction with sodium tetrahydroborate(III) affords an excellent method for the separation of these elements as gases from a wide range of matrixes. Excellent low limits of detection are attained when this separation method is combined with atomization of the hydride in a heated quartz tube in the optical axis of a conventional atomic absorption spectrometer but there are many interferences to contend with both at the hydride generation stage and in the atomization process. Hydride generation is also used in conjunction with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectrometers. It is particularly useful for the determination of arsenic and selenium which suffer considerable spectral interferences caused by radicals in flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Implications of recent advances in the application of this separation procedure for the determination of hydride forming elements by atomic absorption and also ICP atomic emission spectrog. techniques are discussed.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-08-15 12:29:57',
			'hits' => '30',
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			'pauthor' => 'Campbell, A.D.',
			'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Box 46, Dunedin, New Zealand',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1351/pac199264020227',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''A critical survey of hydride generation techniques in atomic spectroscopy', Pure Appl. Chem., 1992 64(2) 227-244',
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			'twochars' => 'A ',
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		(int) 36 => array(
			'id' => '014393',
			'authors' => 'Hu, M.;Huang, Q.;Xia, H.;Tong, S.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace arsenic and mercury in drink by hydride generation-ICP-AES',
			'journal' => 'Sichuan Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)',
			'journal_id' => '0904',
			'fadid' => 'SDXB1996V0033P00419',
			'year' => '1996',
			'volume' => '33',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '419',
			'endpage' => '423',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;1447;',
			'matrices' => ';0091;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0440;',
			'abstract' => 'A method for simultaneous determination of trace concentrations of As and Hg in drink have been investigated by continuous-flow mode hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The influence of operating conditions on the result of analysis is discussed. The proposed method is sensitive, accurate and easy to operate. The relative standard deviation is less than 5% if the concentration is 0.05-0.1 mg/L. The recovery of standard addition is 87-100%.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2006-05-20 19:26:21',
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			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Anal. Testing Cent., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'NA',
			'urltype' => 'NA',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace arsenic and mercury in drink by hydride generation-ICP-AES', Sichuan Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban), 1996 33(4) 419-423',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
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		(int) 37 => array(
			'id' => '014719',
			'authors' => 'Hara, S.;Hayashi, N.;Hirano, S.;Zhong, X.N.;Yasuda, S.;Komae, H.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Sigeki Hara, Nanao Hayashi, Sigeo Hirano, Xi-Ning Zhong, Shigejiro Yasuda, and Hisashi Komae',
			'title' => 'Determination of germanium in some plants and animals',
			'journal' => 'Z. Naturforsch. C',
			'journal_id' => '1457',
			'fadid' => 'ZSNC1990V0045P01250',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '45',
			'issue' => '11-12',
			'startpage' => '1250',
			'endpage' => '1251',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1037;',
			'matrices' => ';0889;0262;',
			'techniques' => ';0415;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0342;',
			'abstract' => 'The Ge contents of plants and animals were investigated by a wet ashing procedure by hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry with flow injection. The analytical results obtained indicated that Ge contents widely vary in plant and animal kingdoms in the range of 8-302 ppb.',
			'language' => 'German',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 13:20:57',
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			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Hayashi, N.',
			'address' => 'Study of Environmental Science, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 730, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'www.znaturforsch.com/ac/v45c/45c1250.pdf',
			'urltype' => 'pdfurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of germanium in some plants and animals', Z. Naturforsch. C, 1990 45(11-12) 1250-1251',
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		(int) 38 => array(
			'id' => '016561',
			'authors' => 'Hou, H.B.;Narasaki, N.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Hong-bing Hou And Hisatake Narasaki',
			'title' => 'Differential Determination of Antimony(III) and Antimony(V) by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry with Hydride Generation',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Sci.',
			'journal_id' => '0963',
			'fadid' => 'ANSC1998V0014P01161',
			'year' => '1998',
			'volume' => '14',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '1161',
			'endpage' => '1164',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0267;0269;',
			'matrices' => 'NA',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0436;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'In this study, antimony(III) and antimony(V) were determined differentially by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The total antimony was determined in 25 mL of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid solution after reducing antimony(V) with 1 mL of 1% potassium iodide solution, while antimony(III) was determined in 0.1 M citric acid whose pH was adjusted to 5.5. Hydride gas generated in a mixing coil was separated in a gas-liquid separator which was closed with an electromagnetic pinch valve and then swept continuously into the torch of an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer. The system was operated with variable-speed peristaltic pumps by manipulating electomagnetic relays and a timer. Thus the selective determination of antimony(III) and antimony(V) is attained in this method.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
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			'hits' => '2',
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			'pauthor' => 'Narasaki, N.',
			'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo, Urawa 338-8570, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.2116/analsci.14.1161',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Differential Determination of Antimony(III) and Antimony(V) by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry with Hydride Generation', Anal. Sci., 1998 14(6) 1161-1164',
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$c = array(
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	'authors' => 'Liversage, R.R.;Van Loon, J.C.;De Andrade, J.C.',
	'authorsweb' => 'R. R. Liversage and J. C. Van Loon, J. C. De Andrade',
	'title' => 'A flow injection/hydride generation system for the determination of arsenic by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
	'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
	'journal_id' => '0584',
	'fadid' => 'ANCA1984V0161P00275',
	'year' => '1984',
	'volume' => '161',
	'issue' => '1',
	'startpage' => '275',
	'endpage' => '283',
	'type' => 'Journal Article',
	'analytes' => ';0287;',
	'matrices' => ';0954;0961;0964;0987;0994;0361;',
	'techniques' => ';0484;',
	'keywords' => ';0217;0380;',
	'abstract' => 'After optimizing the concentration. of HCl and NaI in the test solution, the concentration. of NaBH4, sample and reductant volume and flow rate, Ar carrier-gas flow rate and r.f. power, As (10 to 1000 ppb) was determined in NBS orchard leaves, coal fly ash and river sediment and NRCC MESS-1 and BCSS-1 standard reference materials with good accuracy and precision by using an ARL 34000 Quantometer. The coefficient of variation (n = 10) at the 100-ppb level of As was 7.2%, and the detection limit was 1.4 ng for a 0.17 mL sample volume The calibration graph was rectilinear for 0.01 to 1 ppm of As. Cobalt, Ni, Ag, Au, Bi, Te and Sn interfered. About 200 injections h-1 were possible.',
	'language' => 'English',
	'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
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	'address' => 'Departments of Geology and Chemistry and the Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1 Canada',
	'email' => 'NA',
	'notes' => null,
	'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85797-9',
	'urltype' => 'doi',
	'gotpdf' => 'yes',
	'partial' => 'no',
	'notanalyte' => '',
	'citation' => ''A flow injection/hydride generation system for the determination of arsenic by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1984 161(1) 275-283',
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			'total' => '155',
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			'formula' => 'As',
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			'url' => '',
			'charge' => '0',
			'class1' => 'Element',
			'class2' => 'Metalloid',
			'class3' => 'Pnictogen',
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			'isgroup' => '',
			'checked' => 'yes',
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			'level4' => 'Orchard leaves',
			'level5' => '',
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			'level4' => 'Trace elements in coal fly ash',
			'level5' => '',
			'synonyms' => '',
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"Determination Of Arsenic In Glycerol By Flow Injection Hydride Generation And Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic-emission Spectrometry"
Anal. Chim. Acta 1986 Volume 184, Issue 1 Pages 205-212

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			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0261;0217;',
			'abstract' => 'Several micelle- and vesicle-forming substances were examined for use in the continuous-flow generation of plumbane. The best results were obtained with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (I) micelles and didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (II) vesicles. For the analyzes, the test solution (containing 0.1 mM I or 1 mM II), 2% HNO3 and aqueous 6% ammonium thiosulfate were merged in a four-channel union cross and the resulting solution was merged with 10% NaBH4 solution in aqueous 0.1% NaOH before passing to the grid nebulizer of an ICP spectrometer with a 40 MHz source unit. Best results were obtained with the I-containing system; the detection limit was 9 ng/ml and the RSD (n = 50) was 1.4% at 50 ng/ml. Interference studies for a range of elements and anions showed that Se, As, Hg and Sn were less troublesome in the presence of I. The method was applied to the determination of Pb in commercial apple, orange and pineapple juices without pre-treatment.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '1',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 16:10:44',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00301',
			'pauthor' => '!Sanz Medel, A.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0003-2670(93)85220-E',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Study of the influence of ordered media on the determination of lead by hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1993 283(1) 175-182',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'St',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '008039',
			'authors' => 'Nakata, F.;Sunahara, H.;Fujimoto, H.;Yamamoto, M.;Kumamaru, T.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Fumio Nakata, Hiroshi Sunahara, Hiroyoshi Fujimoto, Manabu Yamamoto and Takahiro Kumamaru',
			'title' => 'Determination of germanium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with flow injection',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P00579',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '579',
			'endpage' => '582',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1037;',
			'matrices' => ';0642;0890;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0173;0258;0440;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'The sample (20 to 40 mg) of single-crystal gallium arsenide was dissolved in HNO3 and the solution was diluted with water to 25 mL. A 1 mL aliquot was analyzed by a system (illustrated) consisting of a PTFE flow injection manifold by which the sample is mixed with sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.5), NaBH4 solution and Ar (carrier gas), and a gas - liquid separator, constructed from micro-porous PTFE (cf. Yamamoto et al., Anal. Chem., 1987, 59, 2446), that delivers the generated hydrides directly into the sample introduction tube of the ICP torch (central orifice 0.6 mm i.d.) for determination of Ge at 265.18 nm. The calibration graph was rectilinear for 1 ng mL-1 to 10 &micro;g mL-1 of Ge; the detection limit was 0.4 ng mL-1. By using the method of standard additions, recovery of 4 ng mL-1 of Ge from non-doped, Zn-doped and Si-doped gallium arsenide was satisfactory, but no indigenous Ge was detected. The method was also applied in the analysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (sample prep. described); recoveries were 90 to 120%, and 2.5 to 3.1 ng mL-1 of Ge was detected, which is better than the detection limit (5 ng mL-1) of the official method. The sample throughput was ~150 h-1.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '4',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:04',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Hiroshima Univ., Dept. Environ. Sci., Fac. Eng., Hiroshima 724 Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880300579',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of germanium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with flow injection', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(4) 579-582',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '008044',
			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Viczian, M.;Lasztity, A.;Barnes, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoru Wang, Miklos Viczian, Alexandra Lasztity and Ramon M. Barnes',
			'title' => 'Lead hydride generation for isotope analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P00821',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '821',
			'endpage' => '827',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1365;1364;2674;2675;',
			'matrices' => ';0962;0522;0732;0372;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;0356;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0322;0380;0462;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The hydride generator, which included a Thompson U-shaped glass phase separator or a porous PTFE tube separator, was coupled to a Sciex Elan 250 ICP-MS instrument. Generation and transfer of hydrides were optimized by flow injection ICP-MS; the best signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was obtained with 0.6% HCl, 5% of NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH solution and 1% of H2O2 (used for oxidation of Pb before hydride generation), and the optimum Ar flow rate was 1.46 l min-1. For standard solution containing 10 &micro;g L-1 of Pb, calibration graphs were obtained by the isotope-dilution technique for 204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb and 208Pb; the detection limits for each isotope were between 0.04 and 0.06 &micro;g l-1. The technique was applied in the determination of Pb in NBS SRM 1643 (trace elements in water); recovery was quantitative and the coefficient of variation was 1.2% (n = 3). Ion abundances were also determined in certified galena and Pb samples (prep. described). The PTFE phase separator gave greater SNR and less interference. Interference from Fe(III) and Cu(II) was serious, but could be overcome by addition of sulfosalicylic acid and NaCN to the NaBH4 solution. The hydride-generation technique had significantly greater sensitivity for Pb than that involving nebulization.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '9',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:11',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880300821',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Lead hydride generation for isotope analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(6) 821-827',
			'firstchar' => 'L',
			'twochars' => 'Le',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 7 => array(
			'id' => '008045',
			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Barnes, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoru Wang and Ramon M. Barnes',
			'title' => 'Microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane gas-liquid separator for flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P01091',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '8',
			'startpage' => '1091',
			'endpage' => '1095',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0322;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'A gas - liquid phase separator is described that contains a micro-porous PTFE membrane clamped between grooved aluminum plates and is equipped with two inlet and two outlet ports. With flow injection controlled AsH3 generation, flow rates of 0.3 l min-1 for Ar carrier gas and 0.8 mL min-1 for sample were chosen. With use of a pore size of 1 &micro;m and a PTFE membrane supported on non-woven polyester, rectilinear calibration graphs for both peak height and area were obtained in the range 25 to 200 ng mL-1 of As. With 40 &micro;L sample injections, a steady response signal was attained in ~3 s and the absolute detection limit (peak area) was ~1 pg of As. At 100 ng mL-1 of As the precision was 6%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:14',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880301091',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane gas-liquid separator for flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(8) 1091-1095',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 8 => array(
			'id' => '008046',
			'authors' => 'Barnes, R.M.;Wang, X.R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Ramon M. Barnes and Xiaoru Wang',
			'title' => 'Micro-porous polytetrafluoroethylene-tubing gas - liquid separator for hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P01083',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '8',
			'startpage' => '1083',
			'endpage' => '1089',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0302;0322;0380;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'For the determination of As by AsH3 generation - ICP-AES, a concentric gas - liquid phase separator based on micro-porous PTFE tubing was tested under both continuous and flow injection generation conditions. Various physical operating parameters, e.g., tubing diameter and porosity and carrier gas flow rate, were optimized, and performance matched that of conventional, dual-phase and packed-bead separators for both continuous and flow injection generation. With continuous generation a rectilinear calibration graph was obtained for the range 15 to 100 ng mL-1 of As. For a reference material certified at 76 &plusmn; 7 ng mL-1 of As, the determined content was 79.6 &plusmn; 4.2 ng mL-1.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '10',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:12',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880301083',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Micro-porous polytetrafluoroethylene-tubing gas - liquid separator for hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(8) 1083-1089',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 9 => array(
			'id' => '008057',
			'authors' => 'Menendez Garcia, A.;Sanchez Uria, J.E.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Alberto Men&eacute;ndez Garc&iacute;a, J. Enrique S&aacute;nchez Ur&iacute;a and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic in an organic phase by coupling continuous-flow extraction - hydride generation with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1989V0004P00581',
			'year' => '1989',
			'volume' => '4',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '581',
			'endpage' => '585',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0061;0093;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0153;0322;0217;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Arsenic is extracted (as AsI3) from sample solution into xylene in the presence of KI and HCl, and the extract is mixed with NaBH4 in DMF and acetic acid in a continuous-flow apparatus. The mixture is passed through a gas - liquid separator, and AsH3 is determined by ICP-AES at 228.81 nm. The calibration graph is rectilinear from 0.01 to 100 &micro;g mL-1. The coefficient of variation is 2.0% at 0.1 &micro;g mL-1 (n = 10). There is no interference by equal amounts of Pt, up to 17.5-fold amounts of Cu or up to 50-fold amounts of many metals, Se or Ge. The limit of detection is 0.7 ng mL-1. The method is applied to alloys and biological reference material.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '18',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:29',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Univ. Oviedo, Dept. Phys. and Anal. Chem., Fac. Chem., Oviedo Spain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9890400581',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic in an organic phase by coupling continuous-flow extraction - hydride generation with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1989 4(7) 581-585',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 10 => array(
			'id' => '008124',
			'authors' => 'Valdes Hevia y Temprano, M.C.;Fernandez De La Campa, M.R.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. C. Vald&eacute;s-Hevia y Temprano, M. R. Fern&aacute;ndez de la Campa and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Generation of volatile cadmium species with sodium tetrahydroborate from organized media: application to cadmium determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1993V0008P00847',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '847',
			'endpage' => '852',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0478;',
			'matrices' => ';0882;',
			'techniques' => ';0417;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0261;0342;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For the continuous-flow determination of Cd by hydride-generation ICP-AES, generation was with 4% NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH as reagent (0.75 ml/min) in a micellar medium of 0.01 mM didodecyldimethylammonium bromide in 0.4 M HCl (0.75 ml/min) to aid separation. A r.f. plasma with forward power of 900 W and detection at 214.44 nm was used. Calibration graphs were rectilinear for 1 &micro;g/ml of Cd with a detection limit of 1 ng/ml and RSD of 2.1% at 50 ng/ml of Cd. The method was applied to the determination of Cd in tea infusions containing 5.8-22 ng/ml of Cd.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '7',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:50:02',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9930800847',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Generation of volatile cadmium species with sodium tetrahydroborate from organized media: application to cadmium determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1993 8(6) 847-852',
			'firstchar' => 'G',
			'twochars' => 'Ge',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 11 => array(
			'id' => '008125',
			'authors' => 'Valdes Hevia y Temprano, M.C.;Fernandez De La Campa, M.R.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. C. Vald&eacute;s-Hevia y Temprano, M. R. Fern&aacute;ndez de la Campa and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Sensitive method for determination of lead by potassium dichromate-lactic acid hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1993V0008P00821',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '821',
			'endpage' => '825',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0355;0086;0862;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0380;0302;0440;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For the continuous-flow determination of Pb as PbH4 by hydride-generation ICP-AES, generation with use of 0.3% K2Cr2O7/3% lactic acid and 5% NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH as reagents was chosen and optimization of the detection limit was studied. With use of a r.f. forward power of 700 W and detection at 220.353 nm, a detection limit of 2 ng/ml of Pb was obtained with an RSD of 1.3% at 50 ng/ml. The cited method was applied to the determination of Pb in soft-drinks, sediment and lichen reference materials. Soft drinks, containing 11-66 ng/ml, were injected directly and Pb was determined with the aid of a standard-additions procedure.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '7',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:50:00',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00301',
			'pauthor' => '!Sanz Medel, A.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9930800821',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Sensitive method for determination of lead by potassium dichromate-lactic acid hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1993 8(6) 821-825',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Se',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 12 => array(
			'id' => '008150',
			'authors' => 'Uggerud, H.;Lund, W.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Hilde Uggerud and Walter Lund',
			'title' => 'Use of thiourea in the determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1995V0010P00405',
			'year' => '1995',
			'volume' => '10',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '405',
			'endpage' => '408',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;2138;2284;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A study was made of thiourea as an agent for the pre-reduction and masking of interferences in the multi-element determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Thiourea reduces arsenic and antimony from the pentavalent to the trivalent state, without preventing the determination of tetravalent selenium and tellurium. Thiourea also eliminates the interference from a number of metals in the determination of arsenic, antimony and bismuth, but it is not effective for selenium and tellurium.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:20:23',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Univ. Oslo, Dept. Chem., 0315 Oslo Norway',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9951000405',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Use of thiourea in the determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1995 10(5) 405-408',
			'firstchar' => 'U',
			'twochars' => 'Us',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 13 => array(
			'id' => '008186',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Saidman, E.;Marchevsky, E.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. MARTINEZ, E. SAIDMAN, E. MARCHEVSKY and R. OLSINA',
			'title' => 'Determination of selenium in geochemical samples by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry following online removal of iron interference by anion exchange',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1997V0012P00487',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '12',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '487',
			'endpage' => '490',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0428;0380;0520;0322;0217;0127;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A 0.5 g sample was acid-digested by the method of Subramanian (Fresenius' Z. Anal. Chem., 1981, 305, 382), the product was heated with HCl at 90&deg;C for 1 h to reduce Se(VI) to Se(IV), and the resulting solution was diluted to 25 mL. This solution was pumped into the manifold illustrated for retention of the Fe on a microcolumn of Dowex 1-X8, and then passed to an injection valve for injection of a 0.7 mL portion into a carrier stream of water that subsequently merged with streams of 6 M HCl and 0.6% NaBH4 solution. The hydride was then generated in a reaction coil and passed via a gas-liquid separator to the plasma in a stream of Ar. The calibration graph was linear up to 30 ng/ml of Se with a detection limit of 0.3 ng/ml. The RSD (n = 10) was 2% at 20 ng/ml of Se. The results for geochemical standard reference materials agreed well with the certified values.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '22',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:48:26',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Olsina, R.',
			'address' => 'Area de Qu&#305;mica Anal&#305;tica, Facultad de Qu&#305;mica, Bioqu&#305;mica y Farmacia; Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera, 5700-San Luis, Argentina',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/a606884g',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of selenium in geochemical samples by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry following online removal of iron interference by anion exchange', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1997 12(4) 487-490',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 14 => array(
			'id' => '008530',
			'authors' => 'Hwang, J.D.;Guenther, G.D.;Diomiguardi, J.P.',
			'authorsweb' => 'J. David Hwang, Gary D. Guenther, and John P. Diomiguardi',
			'title' => 'Hydride-generator system for a 1-kW inductively coupled plasma',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0499',
			'fadid' => 'ANCH1989V0061P00285',
			'year' => '1989',
			'volume' => '61',
			'issue' => '3',
			'startpage' => '285',
			'endpage' => '288',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;0433;0266;2138;2363;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A continuous-flow hydride-generation system is described for use with a 1-kW ICP. Acidified sample solution and NaBH4 solution are pumped continuously by a multi-channel peristaltic pump into the hydride generator, wherein the sample solution flows down the outside of the NaBH4 tube and mixes and reacts with the NaBH4 solution as it emerges, thereby overcoming the dilution effects that occur in conventional hydride-generation systems. Also, smaller amounts of gaseous by-products are produced, thereby yielding a more stable plasma. Detection limits were 0.1, 1.4, 0.6, 0.3 and 1 ng mL-1 for As, Bi, Sb, Se and Sn, respectively, which are 30 to 700 times better than obtained with pneumatic nebulization.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '3',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 18:35:26',
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			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Hwang, J.D.',
			'address' => 'Occidental Chemical Corporation, Technology Center, 2801 Long Road, Grand Island, New York 14072 USA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1021/ac00178a021',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Hydride-generator system for a 1-kW inductively coupled plasma', Anal. Chem., 1989 61(3) 285-288',
			'firstchar' => 'H',
			'twochars' => 'Hy',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 15 => array(
			'id' => '008971',
			'authors' => 'Yokoi, K.;Kimura, M.;Itokawa, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Katsuhiko Yokoi, Mieko Kimura and Yoshinori Itokawa',
			'title' => 'Miniature hydride-generator system for inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1990V0336P00423',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '336',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '423',
			'endpage' => '424',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2363;1037;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0322;0109;0285;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'In the cited continuous-flow hydride-generator system (described and illustrated), sample solution is mixed with trichloroacetic acid solution and NaBH4 solution in NaOH and passed through a gas - liquid separator (diagram given). The generated hydrides were passed into the ICP by Ar carrier gas (1 l min-1). A Shimadzu ICPS-1000 II sequential plasma spectrometer was used to determine Sn and Ge at 189.989 and 209.423 nm, respectively. The detection limits were 30 and 150 pg mL-1 for Sn and Ge, respectively; ~100-fold better than those of conventional pneumatic nebulizer ICP-AES.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '2',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:38:20',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Yokoi, K.',
			'address' => 'Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-chou, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, 606 Kyoto, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00321893',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Miniature hydride-generator system for inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1990 336(5) 423-424',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 16 => array(
			'id' => '008990',
			'authors' => 'Schramel, P.;Xu, L.Q.',
			'authorsweb' => 'P. Schramel and Li-Qiang Xu',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tin in biological and environmental samples by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES without gas-liquid separator',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1991V0340P00041',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '340',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '41',
			'endpage' => '47',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;2138;2363;',
			'matrices' => ';0093;0404;',
			'techniques' => ';0416;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0285;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Arsenic, Sb, Bi, Se and Sn were simultaneously determined in samples by ICP-AES with use of the cited hydride-generation system (diagram given) at 1.5 kW. Samples were digested (i) under pressure with 70% HNO3 in a closed vessel at 170&deg;C for 10 h and (ii) with HNO3 - ClHO4 - H2SO4 (details given). Sample solution in 30% HCl - 20% HNO3 were mixed with a reductant solution consisting of 3% NaBH4 and 2% KI prior to nebulization in the ICP spectrometer and determination by AES. Interferences caused by Cu and Ni ions were eliminated with use of the reductant. In general results were in good agreement with certified values; detection limits were at the ng level.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '11',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 02:18:18',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '01281',
			'pauthor' => '!Schramel, P.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00324390',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tin in biological and environmental samples by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES without gas-liquid separator', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1991 340(1) 41-47',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 17 => array(
			'id' => '009109',
			'authors' => 'Menendez Garcia, A.;Perez Rodriguez, M.C.;Sanchez Uria, J.E.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'A. Men&eacute;ndez Garc&iacute;a, M. C. P&eacute;rez Rodr&iacute;guez, J. E. S&aacute;nchez Uria and A. Sanz-Medel ',
			'title' => 'Antimony(III) and antimony(V) separation and analytical speciation by a continuous tandem online separation device in connection with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1995V0353P00128',
			'year' => '1995',
			'volume' => '353',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '128',
			'endpage' => '132',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0267;0269;',
			'matrices' => ';0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0436;0217;0520;0260;0322;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For Sb(III) determination a stream of sample (0.75 ml/min) mixed with 0.2 M ammonium citrate/NaOH buffer solution of pH 6 was merged with a stream (0.7 ml/min) of 0.1% pyrrolidine-1-dithiocarboxylic acid ammonium salt and the resulting stream (1.45 ml/min) then merged with IBMK (0.5 ml/min) at a solvent segmenter. Extraction took place in an extraction coil (270 cm x 0.7 mm i.d.) and the consecutive organic and aqueous segments were separated at a membrane phase separator. The aqueous phase as collected for Sb(V) determinations and the organic phase was mixed with glacial acetic acid (1 ml/min) and 2% sodium tetrahydroborate in DMF (0.5 ml/min) for stibine generation. The stibine formed was transferred to the ICP torch by Ar (0.3 l/min) and Sb was monitored at 217.58 nm. For Sb(V) determination the aqueous phase collected above was acidified with HCl to give a final concentration of 3 M HCl and mixed with 2% KI. The resulting solution was used for hydride generation ICP-AES with 1% NaBH4. The calibration graph was linear up to 100 &micro;g/ml with detection limits of 3 ng/ml of Sb(III) and 8 ng/ml of Sb(V). RSD (n = 10) were 4% for 100 ng/ml Sb(III) and 5% for 100 ng/ml Sb(V). Interferences by ions found in sea and estuarine water was tabulated and discussed. The method was applied to Sb determination in seawater.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '8',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:19:55',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00301',
			'pauthor' => '!Sanz Medel, A.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00322945',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Antimony(III) and antimony(V) separation and analytical speciation by a continuous tandem online separation device in connection with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1995 353(2) 128-132',
			'firstchar' => 'A',
			'twochars' => 'An',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 18 => array(
			'id' => '009114',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Baucells, M.;Pelfort, E.;Roura, M.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. Martinez, M. Baucells, E. Pelfort, M. Roura, R. Olsina',
			'title' => 'Removal of iron interference in the determination of selenium in geological samples by continuous-flow hydride generation ICP-AES',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1996V0354P00126',
			'year' => '1996',
			'volume' => '354',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '126',
			'endpage' => '127',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0380;0217;',
			'abstract' => 'Samples (0.5 g) were digested with 6 mL HCl and 2 mL HNO3, the mixture was cooled, 5 mL HClO4 and 10 mL HF were added and the mixture was left overnight. The solution was evaporated until fumes of HClO4 ceased. This step was repeated until complete solution was obtained, the liquid was treated with 4 mL water and 2 mL HNO3 and diluted to 20 mL with water. The pH was adjusted to 0.5-2 with NH3, 10 mL 2% aqueous ammonium pyrrolidine-1-yl-dithioformate was added and the Fe(III) complex formed was extracted into 10 mL CHCl3. This step was repeated until the extracts were colorless. The aqueous phase was heated with 1 mL HNO3, the Se(VI) was reduced to Se(IV) by heating in 6 M HCl at 60&deg;C for 30 min and the solution was diluted to a suitable volume. In the flow system, 0.6% NaBH4 in 0.5% NaOH was pumped at 1 ml/min, 6 M HCl at 1 ml/min and the sample solution at 6 ml/min. After mixing in a reaction coil, the solution was transferred to a gas-liquid separator and the gas phase was transported into the ICP-AES with Ar (90 ml/min) for measurement. The detection limit was 0.15 ng/ml of Se. Recovery of 50 and 300 ng of Se averaged 96 &plusmn; 2.8% and 99 &plusmn; 1.1% respectively. Satisfactory results were obtained on three certified samples.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-07-28 10:15:02',
			'hits' => '1',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-24 16:56:35',
			'urlcheckcode' => '',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Roura, M.',
			'address' => 'Serveis Cientifico-T&eagrave;cnics, Universitat de Barcelona, Lluis Sole i Sabar&iacute;s 1-3, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'NA SJC 102414 Contact Springer',
			'url' => 'NA',
			'urltype' => 'NA',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Removal of iron interference in the determination of selenium in geological samples by continuous-flow hydride generation ICP-AES', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1996 354(1) 126-127',
			'firstchar' => 'R',
			'twochars' => 'Re',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 19 => array(
			'id' => '009153',
			'authors' => 'Jamoussi, B.;Zafzouf, M.;Ben Hassine, B.',
			'authorsweb' => '. Jamoussi, M. Zafzouf and B. Ben Hassine',
			'title' => 'Interferences by transition metals and their elimination by cyanide as a complexing agent in the determination of arsenic using continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES system',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1996V0356P00331',
			'year' => '1996',
			'volume' => '356',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '331',
			'endpage' => '334',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The suppressing effects of ppm amounts of Cu, Pb, Co, Au, Pd, and Ni in the determination of As by hydride-generation (HG) ICP-AES were eliminated by use of cyanide as masking agent. In the determination of As by continuous-flow HG ICP-AES, 0.1 M KCN (2.5 ml/min) was mixed with 2% NaBH4 in 1% NaOH (2.5 ml/min), and the mixture was combined with the sample stream (2.75 ml/min) in a V-shaped reaction vessel, and the resulting AsH3 was swept by Ar, via a water condenser, into the ICP source (operating conditions tabulated) and the intensity of the As emission was recorded at 279.55 nm. Under the cited conditions up to 100 &micro;g/ml of the interfering elements could be tolerated. The limit of detection was 0.82 ng/ml of As, and for 50 ng/ml of As the RSD was 1.3% (n = 10).',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:35:40',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Ben Hassine, B.',
			'address' => 'Facult&eacute; des Sciences de Monastir D&eacute;partment de Chimie, 5000 Monastir, Tunisie',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/s0021663560331',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Interferences by transition metals and their elimination by cyanide as a complexing agent in the determination of arsenic using continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES system', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1996 356(5) 331-334',
			'firstchar' => 'I',
			'twochars' => 'In',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 20 => array(
			'id' => '009183',
			'authors' => 'Feng, Y.L.;Narasaki, H.;Chen, H.Y.;Tian, L.C.',
			'authorsweb' => ' Yong-Lai Feng, H. Narasaki, Hong-Yuan Chen, Li-Ching Tian',
			'title' => 'Semi-automatic determination of tin in marine materials by continuous-flow hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1997V0357P00822',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '357',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '822',
			'endpage' => '826',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2363;',
			'matrices' => ';0404;0714;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0086;0109;0217;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Sample (1.25 g) was equilibrated overnight with 15 mL 68% HNO3 and 2 mL 70% HClO4, then digested by heating with 0.5 mL concentrated H2SO4. The resulting solution was adjusted to pH 3.5 with 4 M NaOH and passed through a DIAION SA 10A anion-exchange resin column (15 cm x 8 mm i.d.; Mitsubishi Kasei Corp., Tokyo, Japan). The eluate was mixed with 3.5 mL 3 M H2SO4 and 2.5 mL 10% L-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate, diluted to 25 mL and then analyzed for Sn by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES at 189.93 nm (operating conditions given). The detection limit was 0.4 ng/mL Sn and the RSD (n = 10) was 0.5%. The effects of varying the H2SO4, NaBH4 (hydride-generating reagent) and NaOH concentrations, Ar (carrier gas) and NaBH4 flow rates and the ratio of flow rates of sample solution and NaBH4 were investigated (results presented). The effects of interferents were also investigated, along with seven methods for masking interference (results tabulated). The method was applied to an environmental (marine) CRM. The result agreed with the certified value and the RSD (n = 6) was 0.95%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '19',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:47:33',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => '?',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/s002160050256',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Semi-automatic determination of tin in marine materials by continuous-flow hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1997 357(7) 822-826',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Se',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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		),
		(int) 21 => array(
			'id' => '009184',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Baucells, M.;Pelfort, E.;Roura, M.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. Martinez, M. Baucells, E. Pelfort, M. Roura, R. Olsina',
			'title' => 'Selenium determination by hydride-generation ICP-AES: elimination of iron interferences by means of an ion-exchange resin in a continuous-flow system',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1997V0357P00850',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '357',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '850',
			'endpage' => '852',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0428;0380;0520;0322;0217;0127;0385;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'Sample solution prepared from geological materials (details given) was subjected to online SPE on a Dowex 50W-X8 cation-exchange column (5-10 cm x 3 mm i.d.) at 2 ml/min to remove Fe. A portion (500 &micro;L) of the extract was injected into a water stream (6 ml/min), which merged with a stream (1 ml/min) of 6N-HCl and a stream (1 ml/min) of 0.6% NaBH4. The flow passed through a reaction coil (dimensions not given) and into a gas-liquid separator. Volatile hydrides were carried in Ar (90 ml/min) into a plasma torch for ICP-AES determination of Se (operating conditions given). The column eliminated interference from 2.5 mg/ml Fe in the determination of 20 ng/ml Se. The detection limit ws 0.4 ng/ml Se, recoveries were 98-99.5% and the RSD (n = 10) was 2%. Calibration details are not given. The method was applied to geological CRM. The results agreed with the certified values.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-07-28 10:15:57',
			'hits' => '18',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:47:36',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00344',
			'pauthor' => '!Martinez, L.D.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/s002160050261',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Selenium determination by hydride-generation ICP-AES: elimination of iron interferences by means of an ion-exchange resin in a continuous-flow system', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1997 357(7) 850-852',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Se',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 22 => array(
			'id' => '009391',
			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Zhuang, Z.X.;Yang, P.Y.;Huang, B.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Wang X. O., Zhuang Z. X., Yang P. Y. and Huang B. L.',
			'title' => 'Hyphenated techniques combined with atomic spectrometry for environmental studies',
			'journal' => 'Microchem. J.',
			'journal_id' => '0639',
			'fadid' => 'MCHJ1995V0051P00088',
			'year' => '1995',
			'volume' => '51',
			'issue' => '1-2',
			'startpage' => '88',
			'endpage' => '98',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1471;1466;',
			'matrices' => ';0852;0882;0394;0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0038;0256;0455;0461;0465;0481;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0389;0097;0434;0520;0436;0475;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The development and application of hyphenated techniques combined with atomic spectrometries for environmental analysis at Xiamen University, China, are described. The techniques include: flow injection online microcolumns combined with AAS, GFAAS, ICP AFS and ICP-AES for trace and ultratrace analysis of water; flow injection online solvent extraction combined with AAS and ICP-AES; flow injection online hydride generation for the elemental analysis of Chinese herbs and rain by AAS and ICP-AES; flow injection online coprecipitation-dissolution for the determination of trace heavy metals in seawater and rain by GFAAS and ICP-AES; and HPLC combined with ICP-AES for multielement speciation analysis of Chinese tea.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '40',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:22:10',
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			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Xiamen Univ., Dept. Chem., Res. Center Environ. Sci., Xiamen 361005 China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1006/mchj.1995.1012',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Hyphenated techniques combined with atomic spectrometry for environmental studies', Microchem. J., 1995 51(1-2) 88-98',
			'firstchar' => 'H',
			'twochars' => 'Hy',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 23 => array(
			'id' => '009493',
			'authors' => 'Yokoi, K.;Kimura, M.;Itokawa, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Katsuhiko Yokoi, Mieko Kimura and Yoshinori Itokawa',
			'title' => 'Determination of tin in biological samples using gaseous hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Biochem.',
			'journal_id' => '0570',
			'fadid' => 'ANBI1990V0190P00071',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '190',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '71',
			'endpage' => '77',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2363;',
			'matrices' => ';0219;0194;0210;0259;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0118;0322;0109;0520;0520;0231;',
			'abstract' => 'Liver, brain, testis or kidney was homogenized and heated with HNO3 and HClO4 in Kjeldahl flasks until white fumes appeared. Water was added with heating until the solution was clear and colorless. An aliquot of the solution was treated with trichloroacetic acid (I) and diluted with water to 0.2% in I. This solution was mixed, in a continuous-flow hydride-generation system (diagram given), with 1% I solution and then with 0.5% NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH solution and passed through a gas - liquid separator (design presented) and the hydride, in an Ar-stream, was determined by ICP-AES at 189.989 nm. The limit of detection was 30 pg mL-1 of Sn, mean recovery was 87 to 99% and the coefficient of variation was 1.2%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:35:44',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-chou, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0003-2697(90)90135-V',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of tin in biological samples using gaseous hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Anal. Biochem., 1990 190(1) 71-77',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 24 => array(
			'id' => '010562',
			'authors' => 'Nakahara, T.;Nakanishi, K.;Wasa, T.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Taketoshi Nakahara, Kuniyuki Nakanishi and Tamotsu Wasa',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace concentrations of bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with hydride generation',
			'journal' => 'Spectrochim. Acta B',
			'journal_id' => '0650',
			'fadid' => 'SCAB1987V0042P00119',
			'year' => '1987',
			'volume' => '42',
			'issue' => '1-2',
			'startpage' => '119',
			'endpage' => '128',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0433;',
			'matrices' => ';0044;0727;0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;0416;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0380;0440;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The continuous-flow hydride-generation apparatus used was as described previously (Anal. Chim. Acta, 1981, 131, 73; Appl. Spectrosc., 1983, 37, 539). The sample solution in 1 M HCl and 1% NaBH4 solution in 1% NaOH were pumped at 16 and 5.5 mL min-1, respectively, and the BiH3 evolved was carried to the ICP in a stream of Ar for the emission intensity at 223.06 nm to be measured. The instrumental coefficient of variation (n = 10) for 0.5, 2, 20 and 200 ng mL-1 of Bi were 3.5, 2.8, 2.2 and 1.3%, respectively, the limit of detection was 0.35 ng mL-1, and a graph of emission intensity vs. log. Bi concentration. was rectilinear for ~1 ng mL-1 to ~10 &micro;g mL-1. The method of standard additions was used for actual determinations, in the presence of 0.1 M thiourea to minimize interference. Results for various geological reference standards, standard copper and standard aluminum alloys (digestion procedures described) agreed well with reported or certified values.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '22',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:28:56',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00271',
			'pauthor' => '!Nakahara, T.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0584-8547(87)80055-1',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace concentrations of bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with hydride generation', Spectrochim. Acta B, 1987 42(1-2) 119-128',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 25 => array(
			'id' => '010579',
			'authors' => 'Tao, H.;Boyko, V.J.;McLaren, J.W.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Hiroaki Tao*, Victor J. Boyko and James W. Mclaren',
			'title' => 'Improvements in the signal-to-background ratio with hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Spectrochim. Acta B',
			'journal_id' => '0650',
			'fadid' => 'SCAB1993V0048P01339',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '48',
			'issue' => '11',
			'startpage' => '1339',
			'endpage' => '1345',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0253;0409;',
			'abstract' => 'An investigation of the effects of torch position and of diameter of the central tube of the ICP torch on signal-to-background ratio and reflected power in hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry has identified conditions under which a stable plasma can be sustained at only 0.5 kW with a five times better signal-to-background ratio for Se than could be obtained at 1.4 kW. The improved performance is attributed to a more efficient introduction of hydrogen to the central channel of the plasma. [References: 15]',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:55:15',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => '!Mclaren, J.W.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0584-8547(93)80122-B',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Improvements in the signal-to-background ratio with hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Spectrochim. Acta B, 1993 48(11) 1339-1345',
			'firstchar' => 'I',
			'twochars' => 'Im',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 26 => array(
			'id' => '010674',
			'authors' => 'Tao, H.;Miyazaki, A.;Bansho, K.',
			'authorsweb' => 'H. TAO, A. MIYAZAKI and K. BANSHO',
			'title' => 'Hydride-generation system with a hydrogen separation membrane for low-power inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Sci.',
			'journal_id' => '0963',
			'fadid' => 'ANSC1990V0006P00195',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '6',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '195',
			'endpage' => '199',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;1037;0266;2363;',
			'matrices' => 'NA',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0109;0058;0349;0253;',
			'abstract' => 'A hydrogen separation membrane module is described consisting of hollow aromatic polyimide fibers. The module, operated at ~90&deg;C, was connected to a continuous-flow hydride generator (diagram given) for removal of H before analysis of the hydrides by ICP-AES with Ar as carrier gas. Detection limits obtained for As, Ge, Hg, Sb and Sn are tabulated. The coefficient of variation were 1% at 50 ng mL-1 of each element. Calibration graphs were rectilinear from the detection limit to 100 &micro;g mL-1. Online pre-concentration with use of the module could not be carried out with He instead of Ar as carrier gas beause He permeated the membrane reducing its flow rate.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-07-05 22:44:26',
			'hits' => '4',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:36:13',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Bansho, K.',
			'address' => 'National Research Institute for Pollution and Resources, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.2116/analsci.6.195',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Hydride-generation system with a hydrogen separation membrane for low-power inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry', Anal. Sci., 1990 6(2) 195-199',
			'firstchar' => 'H',
			'twochars' => 'Hy',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 27 => array(
			'id' => '010920',
			'authors' => 'Li, Z.;McIntosh, S.A.;Slavin, W.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Zhang Li, Susan McIntosh and Walter Slavin',
			'title' => 'Simultaneous determination of hydride and non-hydride forming elements by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Proc.',
			'journal_id' => '0866',
			'fadid' => 'ANPR1992V0029P00438',
			'year' => '1992',
			'volume' => '29',
			'issue' => '10',
			'startpage' => '438',
			'endpage' => '439',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;2138;0266;0433;0478;0642;0684;1293;1430;1575;1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0962;0961;0965;0350;0058;0372;0559;0395;0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0481;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0380;0158;0285;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'Arsenic, Se, Sb, Bi, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb were determined in the NIST environmental standard reference materials steel, coal fly ash, urban particulated and 1643b water by ICP-AES. A Perkin-Elmer FIAS-2000 flow injection system was used for hydride generation (experimental conditions tabulated). The sample solution was split into two streams, one being pumped directly to the nebulizer, the other mixed with HCl and NaBH4 solution in the mixing tubes of the chemifold. After separation, the hydride was swept into the spray chamber through a slightly modified cross-flow nebulizer cap. The hydride was then carried into the plasma together with sample aerosol. Recoveries of 20 &micro;g L-1 of As, Sb and Se and 50 &micro;g L-1 of non-hydride forming elements in river- and seawater standards were >80%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '34',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:34:12',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '01441',
			'pauthor' => '!Slavin, W.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/AP9922900436',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Simultaneous determination of hydride and non-hydride forming elements by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Anal. Proc., 1992 29(10) 438-439',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Si',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 28 => array(
			'id' => '010986',
			'authors' => 'Sanz Medel, A.;Menendez Garcia, A.;Fernandez, M.L.;Sanchez Uria, J.E.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Tandem online separations: an alternative sample presentation in atomic spectrometry for ultra-trace analysis',
			'journal' => 'Acta Chim. Hung.',
			'journal_id' => '1039',
			'fadid' => 'ACHH1991V0128P00551',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '128',
			'issue' => '4-5',
			'startpage' => '551',
			'endpage' => '558',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0130;0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0058;0167;',
			'techniques' => ';0452;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0153;0349;0475;',
			'abstract' => 'The coupling of continuous-separation - pre-concentration. devices with atomic spectrometers for ultra-trace elementary analysis is discussed. Simple systems are first outlined, including solid - liquid and liquid - liquid online flow injection extraction coupled with AAS or ICP-AES for Al determination in biological fluids, and continuous gas - liquid separation coupled with ICP-AES for As determination in steel and as an introduction device for S2- determination in a microwave plasma. Examples are then given of tandem configurations in which two different continuous separation units are combined in a single online configuration. A tandem online device based on continuous extraction combined with hydride generation and coupled with ICP-AES for direct As, Sb and I- determinations is described, as well as a continuous liquid - liquid extraction device coupled with ICP-AES or AAS for indirect I- determination. Results show that many sensitivity and selectivity limitations of ultra-trace analysis can be overcome by the use of tandem online separation techniques.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2013-10-31 04:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2013-10-31 04:00:00',
			'urlcheckcode' => '',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'NA SJC 103113',
			'url' => 'NA',
			'urltype' => 'NA',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Tandem online separations: an alternative sample presentation in atomic spectrometry for ultra-trace analysis', Acta Chim. Hung., 1991 128(4-5) 551-558',
			'firstchar' => 'T',
			'twochars' => 'Ta',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 29 => array(
			'id' => '011570',
			'authors' => 'Etoh, M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic and selenium in coal and fly ash by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES',
			'journal' => 'Bunseki Kagaku',
			'journal_id' => '0965',
			'fadid' => 'BUNK1987V0036P00T95',
			'year' => '1987',
			'volume' => '36',
			'issue' => '9',
			'startpage' => 'T95',
			'endpage' => 'T99',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0558;0559;',
			'techniques' => ';0416;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;',
			'abstract' => 'Coal was digested with HNO4 and HClO3 and fly ash was digested with HNO3 and H2SO4. The As and Se were separated from co-existing elements (except for Sb, Sn and Ge) by distillation with HBr and Br. Arsenic and Se were determined by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES. Recoveries were 98 to 104%, and coefficient of variation were 2.4 to 3.5 and 2.7 to 4.5%, respectively, for As and Se. Tin, Sb and Ge did not interfere at concentration. present in the samples used.',
			'language' => 'Japanese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:14:38',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Etoh, M.',
			'address' => 'Nippon Engelhard Ltd., Ichikawa Lab., Ichikawa-shi, Chiba 272 Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.2116/bunsekikagaku.36.9_T95',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic and selenium in coal and fly ash by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES', Bunseki Kagaku, 1987 36(9) T95-T99',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
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		),
		(int) 30 => array(
			'id' => '012302',
			'authors' => 'Chen, H.;Jiang, Z.C.;Kong, L.Y.;Zeng, Y.N.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Chen Hao;Jiang Zucheng;Kong Linying;Zen Yun'e',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace amounts of arsenic by flow injection analysis - hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectroscopy',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Ceshi Tongbao',
			'journal_id' => '0878',
			'fadid' => 'FXCT1990V0009P00009',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '9',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '9',
			'endpage' => '14',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0285;0217;0109;0302;',
			'abstract' => 'A double capillary nebulizer was used to generate the hydride of the analyte. Factors affecting line intensity in the flow injection system were investigated. The effects of several inorganic acids, their acidity and inter-element interference effects were examined. Under optimum conditions the detection limit of As was 5.2 mg mL-1; the coefficient of variation was 1.48% for 2 &micro;g mL-1 (n = 10). Recoveries of Al from NaCl and AlCl3.xH2O were >95%.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 17:49:33',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, The Center of Test and Measurement, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-TEST199001003.htm',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace amounts of arsenic by flow injection analysis - hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectroscopy', Fenxi Ceshi Tongbao, 1990 9(1) 9-14',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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				[maximum depth reached]
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			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 31 => array(
			'id' => '012384',
			'authors' => 'Gao, H.;Li, K.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic, antimony and bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with flow injection analysis and hydride generation',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Huaxue',
			'journal_id' => '1033',
			'fadid' => 'FXHX1991V0019P01285',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '19',
			'issue' => '11',
			'startpage' => '1285',
			'endpage' => '1287',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;',
			'matrices' => ';0536;0552;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0440;',
			'abstract' => 'A 0.175-g ore or rock sample was wetted with a little water and then dissolved in 9 mL of HCl plus 3 mL of HNO3 and 1 mL of H2SO4 (1:1); after evaporation to fumes and cooling, 2.5 mL of HCl, 5 mL of 10% KI - 5% ascorbic acid - 5% thiourea solution and water were added to 25 mL. The solution was then carried at a flow-rate of 11 mL min-1 to react with 1% KBH4 solution (containing 0.2% of NaOH) at 5.5 mL min-1 in the flow injection system (diagram pesented), and the generated hydrides were carried by Ar (0.6 l min-1) for separation by a gas separator before passing to a direct-reading spectrometer for ICP-AES determination of As, Sb and Bi with measurement at 193.76, 217.5 and 306.7 nm, respectively. By the standard-additions method, recoveries were 94 to 107%. Determination ranges for As, Sb and Bi were up to 1000, 300 and 300 &micro;g g-1, respectively, and their corresponding detection limits were 0.2, 0.2 and 0.1 &micro;g g-1. Masking agents could be used to increase tolerance levels of the co-existing ions; background interferences in the gas phase could be corrected for.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 13:36:20',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'Checked SP 06/09/98',
			'url' => '210.14.121.5:8080/fxhx/homeAction!downloadArticleFile.action?attachType=PDF&id=8773',
			'urltype' => 'pdfurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic, antimony and bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with flow injection analysis and hydride generation', Fenxi Huaxue, 1991 19(11) 1285-1287',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 32 => array(
			'id' => '012429',
			'authors' => 'Wang, H.N.;Chen, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace arsenic in copper alloy by online flow injection - hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Huaxue',
			'journal_id' => '1033',
			'fadid' => 'FXHX1994V0022P00816',
			'year' => '1994',
			'volume' => '22',
			'issue' => '8',
			'startpage' => '816',
			'endpage' => '818',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0048;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0217;0385;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'Sample (1 g) was decomposed with 6 mL HNO3 and the pH was adjusted to 1 and diluted to 100 mL with water. The solution was injected into the analysis system and transferred by a stream of water at 1.6 ml/min to a column (5 cm x 5 mm i.d.) of cation-exchange resin and eluted with 2.2 M HCl at 4.4 ml/min; the eluate was mixed with 2.2 M HCl at 1.6 ml/min treated with 1% NaBH4 at 1 ml/min. The generated hydride was directly determined by ICP with measurement at 228.8 nm. The detection limit was 0.9 &micro;g/g. Interference from up to 10 mg/ml of Cu(II) could be eliminated. Recovery was 102-104%. Sampling frequency was 25 runs/h.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 14:16:15',
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			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Harbin Univ. Technol., Anal. ^amp Measurement Centre, Harbin 150006, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'CHECKED SC 12/23/98;Checked AP 06/08/98',
			'url' => '210.14.121.5:8080/fxhx/homeAction!downloadArticleFile.action?attachType=PDF&id=7635',
			'urltype' => 'pdfurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace arsenic in copper alloy by online flow injection - hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fenxi Huaxue, 1994 22(8) 816-818',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			)
		),
		(int) 33 => array(
			'id' => '012528',
			'authors' => 'Yu, X.;Chen, J.G.;Wang, S.Q.;Liao, Z.H.;Jiang, Z.C.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Yu Xin, Chen Jianguo, Wang Songqing, Liao Zhenhuan, Jiang Zucheng',
			'title' => 'Online determination of trace lead in high-salt food by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Kexue Xuebao',
			'journal_id' => '0880',
			'fadid' => 'FXKX1997V0013P00026',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '13',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '26',
			'endpage' => '29',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0415;1013;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0322;0440;',
			'abstract' => 'Salted vegetable (10 g) was homogenized then digested with 8 mL HNO3/HClO4 and evaporated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in 7.5 mL 0.5 M HCl and diluted with water to 25 mL. A 300 &micro;L portion of the solution was injected into the required setup (diagram illustrated) and flowed with a carrier stream of water at 3 ml/min to react with 15% H2O2 to oxidise lower valent Pb to high valent Pb before reaction with a stream of 4% NaBH4 in 0.8% NaOH at 1.5 ml/min, transferring to the gas-liquid separator, and detection of Pb in the Ar flow by ICP-AES with measurement at 220.35 nm. The calibration graph was linear from 0.005-1 &micro;g/ml Pb, with a detection limit of 1.6 ng/ml. When determining 50 ng/ml Pb, the RSD (n = 7) was 1.2%. By the standard-additions method, recoveries were 96.3-101.4%. The method was used in the analysis of e.g. pickled cabbage.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2013-12-14 05:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 17:50:45',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Chemistry Department of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-FXKX702.005.htm',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Online determination of trace lead in high-salt food by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fenxi Kexue Xuebao, 1997 13(2) 26-29',
			'firstchar' => 'O',
			'twochars' => 'On',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 34 => array(
			'id' => '012604',
			'authors' => 'Yu, X.;Chen, J.;Wang, S.;Liao, Z.;Jiang, Z.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Simultaneous determination of trace arsenic, antimony and bismuth in electrolytic copper sample by flow injection hydride generation coupled with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Shiyanshi',
			'journal_id' => '0881',
			'fadid' => 'FXSS1998V0017P00057',
			'year' => '1998',
			'volume' => '17',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '57',
			'endpage' => '59',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;0266;0433;',
			'matrices' => ';0727;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0420;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The technique of flow injection hydride generation coupled with ICP-AES and its application on determining trace As, Sb and Bi in electrolytic Cu was studied. An effective method was established, the relative standard deviation for determination of As, Sb, Bi was 2.3, 1.8, 2.8% (n = 11), and the detection limit was 0.3, 0.3, 1.15 &micro;g/g respectively.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-23 18:04:10',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Dept. Chem., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan 430072, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'Checked SC 06/24/99',
			'url' => 'en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-FXSY801.016.htm',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Simultaneous determination of trace arsenic, antimony and bismuth in electrolytic copper sample by flow injection hydride generation coupled with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Fenxi Shiyanshi, 1998 17(1) 57-59',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Si',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			)
		),
		(int) 35 => array(
			'id' => '014198',
			'authors' => 'Campbell, A.D.',
			'authorsweb' => 'A. D. Campbell',
			'title' => 'A critical survey of hydride generation techniques in atomic spectroscopy',
			'journal' => 'Pure Appl. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0763',
			'fadid' => 'PACH1992V0064P00227',
			'year' => '1992',
			'volume' => '64',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '227',
			'endpage' => '244',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;1037;1359;2138;2284;2363;',
			'matrices' => 'NA',
			'techniques' => ';0465;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0389;0520;0217;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A review with 134 references. Formation of the hydrides of antimony, arsenic, bismuth, germanium, lead, selenium, tellurium and tin by reaction with sodium tetrahydroborate(III) affords an excellent method for the separation of these elements as gases from a wide range of matrixes. Excellent low limits of detection are attained when this separation method is combined with atomization of the hydride in a heated quartz tube in the optical axis of a conventional atomic absorption spectrometer but there are many interferences to contend with both at the hydride generation stage and in the atomization process. Hydride generation is also used in conjunction with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectrometers. It is particularly useful for the determination of arsenic and selenium which suffer considerable spectral interferences caused by radicals in flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Implications of recent advances in the application of this separation procedure for the determination of hydride forming elements by atomic absorption and also ICP atomic emission spectrog. techniques are discussed.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-08-15 12:29:57',
			'hits' => '30',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:41:30',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Campbell, A.D.',
			'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Box 46, Dunedin, New Zealand',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1351/pac199264020227',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''A critical survey of hydride generation techniques in atomic spectroscopy', Pure Appl. Chem., 1992 64(2) 227-244',
			'firstchar' => 'A',
			'twochars' => 'A ',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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		),
		(int) 36 => array(
			'id' => '014393',
			'authors' => 'Hu, M.;Huang, Q.;Xia, H.;Tong, S.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace arsenic and mercury in drink by hydride generation-ICP-AES',
			'journal' => 'Sichuan Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)',
			'journal_id' => '0904',
			'fadid' => 'SDXB1996V0033P00419',
			'year' => '1996',
			'volume' => '33',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '419',
			'endpage' => '423',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;1447;',
			'matrices' => ';0091;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0440;',
			'abstract' => 'A method for simultaneous determination of trace concentrations of As and Hg in drink have been investigated by continuous-flow mode hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The influence of operating conditions on the result of analysis is discussed. The proposed method is sensitive, accurate and easy to operate. The relative standard deviation is less than 5% if the concentration is 0.05-0.1 mg/L. The recovery of standard addition is 87-100%.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2006-05-20 19:26:21',
			'urlcheckcode' => '',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Anal. Testing Cent., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'NA',
			'urltype' => 'NA',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace arsenic and mercury in drink by hydride generation-ICP-AES', Sichuan Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban), 1996 33(4) 419-423',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 37 => array(
			'id' => '014719',
			'authors' => 'Hara, S.;Hayashi, N.;Hirano, S.;Zhong, X.N.;Yasuda, S.;Komae, H.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Sigeki Hara, Nanao Hayashi, Sigeo Hirano, Xi-Ning Zhong, Shigejiro Yasuda, and Hisashi Komae',
			'title' => 'Determination of germanium in some plants and animals',
			'journal' => 'Z. Naturforsch. C',
			'journal_id' => '1457',
			'fadid' => 'ZSNC1990V0045P01250',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '45',
			'issue' => '11-12',
			'startpage' => '1250',
			'endpage' => '1251',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1037;',
			'matrices' => ';0889;0262;',
			'techniques' => ';0415;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0342;',
			'abstract' => 'The Ge contents of plants and animals were investigated by a wet ashing procedure by hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry with flow injection. The analytical results obtained indicated that Ge contents widely vary in plant and animal kingdoms in the range of 8-302 ppb.',
			'language' => 'German',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 13:20:57',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Hayashi, N.',
			'address' => 'Study of Environmental Science, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 730, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'www.znaturforsch.com/ac/v45c/45c1250.pdf',
			'urltype' => 'pdfurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of germanium in some plants and animals', Z. Naturforsch. C, 1990 45(11-12) 1250-1251',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			'id' => '016561',
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			'abstract' => 'In this study, antimony(III) and antimony(V) were determined differentially by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The total antimony was determined in 25 mL of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid solution after reducing antimony(V) with 1 mL of 1% potassium iodide solution, while antimony(III) was determined in 0.1 M citric acid whose pH was adjusted to 5.5. Hydride gas generated in a mixing coil was separated in a gas-liquid separator which was closed with an electromagnetic pinch valve and then swept continuously into the torch of an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer. The system was operated with variable-speed peristaltic pumps by manipulating electomagnetic relays and a timer. Thus the selective determination of antimony(III) and antimony(V) is attained in this method.',
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"Study Of The Influence Of Ordered Media On The Determination Of Lead By Hydride-generation Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic-emission Spectrometry"
Anal. Chim. Acta 1993 Volume 283, Issue 1 Pages 175-182

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		'title' => 'Study of the influence of ordered media on the determination of lead by hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
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		'abstract' => 'Several micelle- and vesicle-forming substances were examined for use in the continuous-flow generation of plumbane. The best results were obtained with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (I) micelles and didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (II) vesicles. For the analyzes, the test solution (containing 0.1 mM I or 1 mM II), 2% HNO3 and aqueous 6% ammonium thiosulfate were merged in a four-channel union cross and the resulting solution was merged with 10% NaBH4 solution in aqueous 0.1% NaOH before passing to the grid nebulizer of an ICP spectrometer with a 40 MHz source unit. Best results were obtained with the I-containing system; the detection limit was 9 ng/ml and the RSD (n = 50) was 1.4% at 50 ng/ml. Interference studies for a range of elements and anions showed that Se, As, Hg and Sn were less troublesome in the presence of I. The method was applied to the determination of Pb in commercial apple, orange and pineapple juices without pre-treatment.',
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			'title' => 'Speciation of antimony(III) and antimony(V) using hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with the rate of pre-reduction of antimony',
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			'citation' => ''Speciation of antimony(III) and antimony(V) using hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with the rate of pre-reduction of antimony', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1999 386(3) 297-304',
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			'abstract' => 'A new method for the determination of species of antimony(III) [Sb(III)], antimony(v) [Sb(V)] and trimethylstiboxide [TMeSbO] with fluoride as modifier is introduced. A flow injection (FI) system for hydride generation was used in combination with an inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer as detector. The pre-reduction was accomplished with potassium iodide dissolved in hydrochloric acid and the reduction with sodium borohydride. The influence of fluoride on the reduction and pre-reduction step was investigated by adding different amounts of sodium fluoride to the solvent stream. At a concentration of 100 mg/l fluoride and 1.2% potassium iodide, the hydride formation of Sb(V) and Sb(III) was suppressed below the detection limit, while TMeSbO showed no signal depression. The use of 100 mg/l fluoride without potassium iodide led to complete signal suppression for Sb(V) with apparently no influence on the signal intensity of Sb(III) and TMeSbO. The concentration of TMeSbO was measured directly, the concentrations of Sb(III) and Sb(V) were calculated on the basis of the three analyzing steps, giving detection limits and relative standard deviations of 1.1 (2.6%), 1.2 (5.3%) and 1.4 &micro;g/l (8.1%), respectively. The method was applied to orange juice samples.',
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			'title' => 'A flow injection/hydride generation system for the determination of arsenic by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
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			'abstract' => 'After optimizing the concentration. of HCl and NaI in the test solution, the concentration. of NaBH4, sample and reductant volume and flow rate, Ar carrier-gas flow rate and r.f. power, As (10 to 1000 ppb) was determined in NBS orchard leaves, coal fly ash and river sediment and NRCC MESS-1 and BCSS-1 standard reference materials with good accuracy and precision by using an ARL 34000 Quantometer. The coefficient of variation (n = 10) at the 100-ppb level of As was 7.2%, and the detection limit was 1.4 ng for a 0.17 mL sample volume The calibration graph was rectilinear for 0.01 to 1 ppm of As. Cobalt, Ni, Ag, Au, Bi, Te and Sn interfered. About 200 injections h-1 were possible.',
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			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:46:11',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Departments of Geology and Chemistry and the Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1 Canada',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85797-9',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''A flow injection/hydride generation system for the determination of arsenic by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1984 161(1) 275-283',
			'firstchar' => 'A',
			'twochars' => 'A ',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '004924',
			'authors' => 'Tioh, N.H.;Israel, Y.;Barnes, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Ngee-Heng Tioh, Yecheskel Israel and Ramon M. Barnes',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic in glycerol by flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1986V0184P00205',
			'year' => '1986',
			'volume' => '184',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '205',
			'endpage' => '212',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0796;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => '',
			'abstract' => 'A flow injection system is used to mix glycerol solution, containing 0.12 to 3.0 &micro;g g-1 of As, with 1.1% NaBH4 solution (in 0.2 or 0.5 M NaOH) - 6 M HCl (10:49). The generated AsH3 is removed in a vapor - liquid flow cell and determined directly by ICP-AES at 193.7 nm, with Ar as carrier gas (0.39 l min-1). The calibration graph was rectilinear in the range 0.12 to 3.0 &micro;g mL-1 of As with a coefficient of variation of 1.4%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '2',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:50:25',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)86483-1',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic in glycerol by flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1986 184(1) 205-212',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array([maximum depth reached])
		),
		(int) 4 => array(
			'id' => '005937',
			'authors' => 'Valdes Hevia y Temprano, M.C.;Aizpun Fernandez, B.;Fernandez De La Campa, M.R.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. C. Vald&eacute;s-Hevia y Temprano, B. Aizp&uacute;n Fern&aacute;ndez, M. R. Fern&aacute;ndez de la Campa and A. Sanz-Medel*',
			'title' => 'Study of the influence of ordered media on the determination of lead by hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1993V0283P00175',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '283',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '175',
			'endpage' => '182',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0083;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0261;0217;',
			'abstract' => 'Several micelle- and vesicle-forming substances were examined for use in the continuous-flow generation of plumbane. The best results were obtained with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (I) micelles and didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (II) vesicles. For the analyzes, the test solution (containing 0.1 mM I or 1 mM II), 2% HNO3 and aqueous 6% ammonium thiosulfate were merged in a four-channel union cross and the resulting solution was merged with 10% NaBH4 solution in aqueous 0.1% NaOH before passing to the grid nebulizer of an ICP spectrometer with a 40 MHz source unit. Best results were obtained with the I-containing system; the detection limit was 9 ng/ml and the RSD (n = 50) was 1.4% at 50 ng/ml. Interference studies for a range of elements and anions showed that Se, As, Hg and Sn were less troublesome in the presence of I. The method was applied to the determination of Pb in commercial apple, orange and pineapple juices without pre-treatment.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '1',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 16:10:44',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00301',
			'pauthor' => '!Sanz Medel, A.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0003-2670(93)85220-E',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Study of the influence of ordered media on the determination of lead by hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1993 283(1) 175-182',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'St',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '008039',
			'authors' => 'Nakata, F.;Sunahara, H.;Fujimoto, H.;Yamamoto, M.;Kumamaru, T.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Fumio Nakata, Hiroshi Sunahara, Hiroyoshi Fujimoto, Manabu Yamamoto and Takahiro Kumamaru',
			'title' => 'Determination of germanium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with flow injection',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P00579',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '579',
			'endpage' => '582',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1037;',
			'matrices' => ';0642;0890;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0173;0258;0440;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'The sample (20 to 40 mg) of single-crystal gallium arsenide was dissolved in HNO3 and the solution was diluted with water to 25 mL. A 1 mL aliquot was analyzed by a system (illustrated) consisting of a PTFE flow injection manifold by which the sample is mixed with sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.5), NaBH4 solution and Ar (carrier gas), and a gas - liquid separator, constructed from micro-porous PTFE (cf. Yamamoto et al., Anal. Chem., 1987, 59, 2446), that delivers the generated hydrides directly into the sample introduction tube of the ICP torch (central orifice 0.6 mm i.d.) for determination of Ge at 265.18 nm. The calibration graph was rectilinear for 1 ng mL-1 to 10 &micro;g mL-1 of Ge; the detection limit was 0.4 ng mL-1. By using the method of standard additions, recovery of 4 ng mL-1 of Ge from non-doped, Zn-doped and Si-doped gallium arsenide was satisfactory, but no indigenous Ge was detected. The method was also applied in the analysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (sample prep. described); recoveries were 90 to 120%, and 2.5 to 3.1 ng mL-1 of Ge was detected, which is better than the detection limit (5 ng mL-1) of the official method. The sample throughput was ~150 h-1.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '4',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:04',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Hiroshima Univ., Dept. Environ. Sci., Fac. Eng., Hiroshima 724 Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880300579',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of germanium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with flow injection', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(4) 579-582',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '008044',
			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Viczian, M.;Lasztity, A.;Barnes, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoru Wang, Miklos Viczian, Alexandra Lasztity and Ramon M. Barnes',
			'title' => 'Lead hydride generation for isotope analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P00821',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '821',
			'endpage' => '827',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1365;1364;2674;2675;',
			'matrices' => ';0962;0522;0732;0372;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;0356;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0322;0380;0462;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The hydride generator, which included a Thompson U-shaped glass phase separator or a porous PTFE tube separator, was coupled to a Sciex Elan 250 ICP-MS instrument. Generation and transfer of hydrides were optimized by flow injection ICP-MS; the best signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was obtained with 0.6% HCl, 5% of NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH solution and 1% of H2O2 (used for oxidation of Pb before hydride generation), and the optimum Ar flow rate was 1.46 l min-1. For standard solution containing 10 &micro;g L-1 of Pb, calibration graphs were obtained by the isotope-dilution technique for 204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb and 208Pb; the detection limits for each isotope were between 0.04 and 0.06 &micro;g l-1. The technique was applied in the determination of Pb in NBS SRM 1643 (trace elements in water); recovery was quantitative and the coefficient of variation was 1.2% (n = 3). Ion abundances were also determined in certified galena and Pb samples (prep. described). The PTFE phase separator gave greater SNR and less interference. Interference from Fe(III) and Cu(II) was serious, but could be overcome by addition of sulfosalicylic acid and NaCN to the NaBH4 solution. The hydride-generation technique had significantly greater sensitivity for Pb than that involving nebulization.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '9',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:11',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880300821',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Lead hydride generation for isotope analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(6) 821-827',
			'firstchar' => 'L',
			'twochars' => 'Le',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 7 => array(
			'id' => '008045',
			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Barnes, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoru Wang and Ramon M. Barnes',
			'title' => 'Microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane gas-liquid separator for flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P01091',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '8',
			'startpage' => '1091',
			'endpage' => '1095',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0322;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'A gas - liquid phase separator is described that contains a micro-porous PTFE membrane clamped between grooved aluminum plates and is equipped with two inlet and two outlet ports. With flow injection controlled AsH3 generation, flow rates of 0.3 l min-1 for Ar carrier gas and 0.8 mL min-1 for sample were chosen. With use of a pore size of 1 &micro;m and a PTFE membrane supported on non-woven polyester, rectilinear calibration graphs for both peak height and area were obtained in the range 25 to 200 ng mL-1 of As. With 40 &micro;L sample injections, a steady response signal was attained in ~3 s and the absolute detection limit (peak area) was ~1 pg of As. At 100 ng mL-1 of As the precision was 6%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:14',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880301091',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane gas-liquid separator for flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(8) 1091-1095',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 8 => array(
			'id' => '008046',
			'authors' => 'Barnes, R.M.;Wang, X.R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Ramon M. Barnes and Xiaoru Wang',
			'title' => 'Micro-porous polytetrafluoroethylene-tubing gas - liquid separator for hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P01083',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '8',
			'startpage' => '1083',
			'endpage' => '1089',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0302;0322;0380;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'For the determination of As by AsH3 generation - ICP-AES, a concentric gas - liquid phase separator based on micro-porous PTFE tubing was tested under both continuous and flow injection generation conditions. Various physical operating parameters, e.g., tubing diameter and porosity and carrier gas flow rate, were optimized, and performance matched that of conventional, dual-phase and packed-bead separators for both continuous and flow injection generation. With continuous generation a rectilinear calibration graph was obtained for the range 15 to 100 ng mL-1 of As. For a reference material certified at 76 &plusmn; 7 ng mL-1 of As, the determined content was 79.6 &plusmn; 4.2 ng mL-1.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '10',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:12',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880301083',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Micro-porous polytetrafluoroethylene-tubing gas - liquid separator for hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(8) 1083-1089',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 9 => array(
			'id' => '008057',
			'authors' => 'Menendez Garcia, A.;Sanchez Uria, J.E.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Alberto Men&eacute;ndez Garc&iacute;a, J. Enrique S&aacute;nchez Ur&iacute;a and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic in an organic phase by coupling continuous-flow extraction - hydride generation with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1989V0004P00581',
			'year' => '1989',
			'volume' => '4',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '581',
			'endpage' => '585',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0061;0093;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0153;0322;0217;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Arsenic is extracted (as AsI3) from sample solution into xylene in the presence of KI and HCl, and the extract is mixed with NaBH4 in DMF and acetic acid in a continuous-flow apparatus. The mixture is passed through a gas - liquid separator, and AsH3 is determined by ICP-AES at 228.81 nm. The calibration graph is rectilinear from 0.01 to 100 &micro;g mL-1. The coefficient of variation is 2.0% at 0.1 &micro;g mL-1 (n = 10). There is no interference by equal amounts of Pt, up to 17.5-fold amounts of Cu or up to 50-fold amounts of many metals, Se or Ge. The limit of detection is 0.7 ng mL-1. The method is applied to alloys and biological reference material.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '18',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:29',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Univ. Oviedo, Dept. Phys. and Anal. Chem., Fac. Chem., Oviedo Spain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9890400581',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic in an organic phase by coupling continuous-flow extraction - hydride generation with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1989 4(7) 581-585',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 10 => array(
			'id' => '008124',
			'authors' => 'Valdes Hevia y Temprano, M.C.;Fernandez De La Campa, M.R.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. C. Vald&eacute;s-Hevia y Temprano, M. R. Fern&aacute;ndez de la Campa and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Generation of volatile cadmium species with sodium tetrahydroborate from organized media: application to cadmium determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1993V0008P00847',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '847',
			'endpage' => '852',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0478;',
			'matrices' => ';0882;',
			'techniques' => ';0417;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0261;0342;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For the continuous-flow determination of Cd by hydride-generation ICP-AES, generation was with 4% NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH as reagent (0.75 ml/min) in a micellar medium of 0.01 mM didodecyldimethylammonium bromide in 0.4 M HCl (0.75 ml/min) to aid separation. A r.f. plasma with forward power of 900 W and detection at 214.44 nm was used. Calibration graphs were rectilinear for 1 &micro;g/ml of Cd with a detection limit of 1 ng/ml and RSD of 2.1% at 50 ng/ml of Cd. The method was applied to the determination of Cd in tea infusions containing 5.8-22 ng/ml of Cd.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '7',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:50:02',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9930800847',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Generation of volatile cadmium species with sodium tetrahydroborate from organized media: application to cadmium determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1993 8(6) 847-852',
			'firstchar' => 'G',
			'twochars' => 'Ge',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 11 => array(
			'id' => '008125',
			'authors' => 'Valdes Hevia y Temprano, M.C.;Fernandez De La Campa, M.R.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. C. Vald&eacute;s-Hevia y Temprano, M. R. Fern&aacute;ndez de la Campa and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Sensitive method for determination of lead by potassium dichromate-lactic acid hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1993V0008P00821',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '821',
			'endpage' => '825',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0355;0086;0862;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0380;0302;0440;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For the continuous-flow determination of Pb as PbH4 by hydride-generation ICP-AES, generation with use of 0.3% K2Cr2O7/3% lactic acid and 5% NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH as reagents was chosen and optimization of the detection limit was studied. With use of a r.f. forward power of 700 W and detection at 220.353 nm, a detection limit of 2 ng/ml of Pb was obtained with an RSD of 1.3% at 50 ng/ml. The cited method was applied to the determination of Pb in soft-drinks, sediment and lichen reference materials. Soft drinks, containing 11-66 ng/ml, were injected directly and Pb was determined with the aid of a standard-additions procedure.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '7',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:50:00',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00301',
			'pauthor' => '!Sanz Medel, A.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9930800821',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Sensitive method for determination of lead by potassium dichromate-lactic acid hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1993 8(6) 821-825',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Se',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 12 => array(
			'id' => '008150',
			'authors' => 'Uggerud, H.;Lund, W.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Hilde Uggerud and Walter Lund',
			'title' => 'Use of thiourea in the determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1995V0010P00405',
			'year' => '1995',
			'volume' => '10',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '405',
			'endpage' => '408',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;2138;2284;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A study was made of thiourea as an agent for the pre-reduction and masking of interferences in the multi-element determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Thiourea reduces arsenic and antimony from the pentavalent to the trivalent state, without preventing the determination of tetravalent selenium and tellurium. Thiourea also eliminates the interference from a number of metals in the determination of arsenic, antimony and bismuth, but it is not effective for selenium and tellurium.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:20:23',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Univ. Oslo, Dept. Chem., 0315 Oslo Norway',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9951000405',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Use of thiourea in the determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1995 10(5) 405-408',
			'firstchar' => 'U',
			'twochars' => 'Us',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 13 => array(
			'id' => '008186',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Saidman, E.;Marchevsky, E.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. MARTINEZ, E. SAIDMAN, E. MARCHEVSKY and R. OLSINA',
			'title' => 'Determination of selenium in geochemical samples by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry following online removal of iron interference by anion exchange',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1997V0012P00487',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '12',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '487',
			'endpage' => '490',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0428;0380;0520;0322;0217;0127;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A 0.5 g sample was acid-digested by the method of Subramanian (Fresenius' Z. Anal. Chem., 1981, 305, 382), the product was heated with HCl at 90&deg;C for 1 h to reduce Se(VI) to Se(IV), and the resulting solution was diluted to 25 mL. This solution was pumped into the manifold illustrated for retention of the Fe on a microcolumn of Dowex 1-X8, and then passed to an injection valve for injection of a 0.7 mL portion into a carrier stream of water that subsequently merged with streams of 6 M HCl and 0.6% NaBH4 solution. The hydride was then generated in a reaction coil and passed via a gas-liquid separator to the plasma in a stream of Ar. The calibration graph was linear up to 30 ng/ml of Se with a detection limit of 0.3 ng/ml. The RSD (n = 10) was 2% at 20 ng/ml of Se. The results for geochemical standard reference materials agreed well with the certified values.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '22',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:48:26',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Olsina, R.',
			'address' => 'Area de Qu&#305;mica Anal&#305;tica, Facultad de Qu&#305;mica, Bioqu&#305;mica y Farmacia; Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera, 5700-San Luis, Argentina',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/a606884g',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of selenium in geochemical samples by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry following online removal of iron interference by anion exchange', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1997 12(4) 487-490',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 14 => array(
			'id' => '008530',
			'authors' => 'Hwang, J.D.;Guenther, G.D.;Diomiguardi, J.P.',
			'authorsweb' => 'J. David Hwang, Gary D. Guenther, and John P. Diomiguardi',
			'title' => 'Hydride-generator system for a 1-kW inductively coupled plasma',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0499',
			'fadid' => 'ANCH1989V0061P00285',
			'year' => '1989',
			'volume' => '61',
			'issue' => '3',
			'startpage' => '285',
			'endpage' => '288',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;0433;0266;2138;2363;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A continuous-flow hydride-generation system is described for use with a 1-kW ICP. Acidified sample solution and NaBH4 solution are pumped continuously by a multi-channel peristaltic pump into the hydride generator, wherein the sample solution flows down the outside of the NaBH4 tube and mixes and reacts with the NaBH4 solution as it emerges, thereby overcoming the dilution effects that occur in conventional hydride-generation systems. Also, smaller amounts of gaseous by-products are produced, thereby yielding a more stable plasma. Detection limits were 0.1, 1.4, 0.6, 0.3 and 1 ng mL-1 for As, Bi, Sb, Se and Sn, respectively, which are 30 to 700 times better than obtained with pneumatic nebulization.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '3',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 18:35:26',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Hwang, J.D.',
			'address' => 'Occidental Chemical Corporation, Technology Center, 2801 Long Road, Grand Island, New York 14072 USA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1021/ac00178a021',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Hydride-generator system for a 1-kW inductively coupled plasma', Anal. Chem., 1989 61(3) 285-288',
			'firstchar' => 'H',
			'twochars' => 'Hy',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 15 => array(
			'id' => '008971',
			'authors' => 'Yokoi, K.;Kimura, M.;Itokawa, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Katsuhiko Yokoi, Mieko Kimura and Yoshinori Itokawa',
			'title' => 'Miniature hydride-generator system for inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1990V0336P00423',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '336',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '423',
			'endpage' => '424',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2363;1037;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0322;0109;0285;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'In the cited continuous-flow hydride-generator system (described and illustrated), sample solution is mixed with trichloroacetic acid solution and NaBH4 solution in NaOH and passed through a gas - liquid separator (diagram given). The generated hydrides were passed into the ICP by Ar carrier gas (1 l min-1). A Shimadzu ICPS-1000 II sequential plasma spectrometer was used to determine Sn and Ge at 189.989 and 209.423 nm, respectively. The detection limits were 30 and 150 pg mL-1 for Sn and Ge, respectively; ~100-fold better than those of conventional pneumatic nebulizer ICP-AES.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '2',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:38:20',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Yokoi, K.',
			'address' => 'Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-chou, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, 606 Kyoto, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00321893',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Miniature hydride-generator system for inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1990 336(5) 423-424',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 16 => array(
			'id' => '008990',
			'authors' => 'Schramel, P.;Xu, L.Q.',
			'authorsweb' => 'P. Schramel and Li-Qiang Xu',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tin in biological and environmental samples by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES without gas-liquid separator',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1991V0340P00041',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '340',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '41',
			'endpage' => '47',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;2138;2363;',
			'matrices' => ';0093;0404;',
			'techniques' => ';0416;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0285;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Arsenic, Sb, Bi, Se and Sn were simultaneously determined in samples by ICP-AES with use of the cited hydride-generation system (diagram given) at 1.5 kW. Samples were digested (i) under pressure with 70% HNO3 in a closed vessel at 170&deg;C for 10 h and (ii) with HNO3 - ClHO4 - H2SO4 (details given). Sample solution in 30% HCl - 20% HNO3 were mixed with a reductant solution consisting of 3% NaBH4 and 2% KI prior to nebulization in the ICP spectrometer and determination by AES. Interferences caused by Cu and Ni ions were eliminated with use of the reductant. In general results were in good agreement with certified values; detection limits were at the ng level.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '11',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 02:18:18',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '01281',
			'pauthor' => '!Schramel, P.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00324390',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tin in biological and environmental samples by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES without gas-liquid separator', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1991 340(1) 41-47',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 17 => array(
			'id' => '009109',
			'authors' => 'Menendez Garcia, A.;Perez Rodriguez, M.C.;Sanchez Uria, J.E.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'A. Men&eacute;ndez Garc&iacute;a, M. C. P&eacute;rez Rodr&iacute;guez, J. E. S&aacute;nchez Uria and A. Sanz-Medel ',
			'title' => 'Antimony(III) and antimony(V) separation and analytical speciation by a continuous tandem online separation device in connection with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1995V0353P00128',
			'year' => '1995',
			'volume' => '353',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '128',
			'endpage' => '132',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0267;0269;',
			'matrices' => ';0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0436;0217;0520;0260;0322;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For Sb(III) determination a stream of sample (0.75 ml/min) mixed with 0.2 M ammonium citrate/NaOH buffer solution of pH 6 was merged with a stream (0.7 ml/min) of 0.1% pyrrolidine-1-dithiocarboxylic acid ammonium salt and the resulting stream (1.45 ml/min) then merged with IBMK (0.5 ml/min) at a solvent segmenter. Extraction took place in an extraction coil (270 cm x 0.7 mm i.d.) and the consecutive organic and aqueous segments were separated at a membrane phase separator. The aqueous phase as collected for Sb(V) determinations and the organic phase was mixed with glacial acetic acid (1 ml/min) and 2% sodium tetrahydroborate in DMF (0.5 ml/min) for stibine generation. The stibine formed was transferred to the ICP torch by Ar (0.3 l/min) and Sb was monitored at 217.58 nm. For Sb(V) determination the aqueous phase collected above was acidified with HCl to give a final concentration of 3 M HCl and mixed with 2% KI. The resulting solution was used for hydride generation ICP-AES with 1% NaBH4. The calibration graph was linear up to 100 &micro;g/ml with detection limits of 3 ng/ml of Sb(III) and 8 ng/ml of Sb(V). RSD (n = 10) were 4% for 100 ng/ml Sb(III) and 5% for 100 ng/ml Sb(V). Interferences by ions found in sea and estuarine water was tabulated and discussed. The method was applied to Sb determination in seawater.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '8',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:19:55',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00301',
			'pauthor' => '!Sanz Medel, A.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00322945',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Antimony(III) and antimony(V) separation and analytical speciation by a continuous tandem online separation device in connection with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1995 353(2) 128-132',
			'firstchar' => 'A',
			'twochars' => 'An',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 18 => array(
			'id' => '009114',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Baucells, M.;Pelfort, E.;Roura, M.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. Martinez, M. Baucells, E. Pelfort, M. Roura, R. Olsina',
			'title' => 'Removal of iron interference in the determination of selenium in geological samples by continuous-flow hydride generation ICP-AES',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1996V0354P00126',
			'year' => '1996',
			'volume' => '354',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '126',
			'endpage' => '127',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0380;0217;',
			'abstract' => 'Samples (0.5 g) were digested with 6 mL HCl and 2 mL HNO3, the mixture was cooled, 5 mL HClO4 and 10 mL HF were added and the mixture was left overnight. The solution was evaporated until fumes of HClO4 ceased. This step was repeated until complete solution was obtained, the liquid was treated with 4 mL water and 2 mL HNO3 and diluted to 20 mL with water. The pH was adjusted to 0.5-2 with NH3, 10 mL 2% aqueous ammonium pyrrolidine-1-yl-dithioformate was added and the Fe(III) complex formed was extracted into 10 mL CHCl3. This step was repeated until the extracts were colorless. The aqueous phase was heated with 1 mL HNO3, the Se(VI) was reduced to Se(IV) by heating in 6 M HCl at 60&deg;C for 30 min and the solution was diluted to a suitable volume. In the flow system, 0.6% NaBH4 in 0.5% NaOH was pumped at 1 ml/min, 6 M HCl at 1 ml/min and the sample solution at 6 ml/min. After mixing in a reaction coil, the solution was transferred to a gas-liquid separator and the gas phase was transported into the ICP-AES with Ar (90 ml/min) for measurement. The detection limit was 0.15 ng/ml of Se. Recovery of 50 and 300 ng of Se averaged 96 &plusmn; 2.8% and 99 &plusmn; 1.1% respectively. Satisfactory results were obtained on three certified samples.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-07-28 10:15:02',
			'hits' => '1',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-24 16:56:35',
			'urlcheckcode' => '',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Roura, M.',
			'address' => 'Serveis Cientifico-T&eagrave;cnics, Universitat de Barcelona, Lluis Sole i Sabar&iacute;s 1-3, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'NA SJC 102414 Contact Springer',
			'url' => 'NA',
			'urltype' => 'NA',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Removal of iron interference in the determination of selenium in geological samples by continuous-flow hydride generation ICP-AES', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1996 354(1) 126-127',
			'firstchar' => 'R',
			'twochars' => 'Re',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 19 => array(
			'id' => '009153',
			'authors' => 'Jamoussi, B.;Zafzouf, M.;Ben Hassine, B.',
			'authorsweb' => '. Jamoussi, M. Zafzouf and B. Ben Hassine',
			'title' => 'Interferences by transition metals and their elimination by cyanide as a complexing agent in the determination of arsenic using continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES system',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1996V0356P00331',
			'year' => '1996',
			'volume' => '356',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '331',
			'endpage' => '334',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The suppressing effects of ppm amounts of Cu, Pb, Co, Au, Pd, and Ni in the determination of As by hydride-generation (HG) ICP-AES were eliminated by use of cyanide as masking agent. In the determination of As by continuous-flow HG ICP-AES, 0.1 M KCN (2.5 ml/min) was mixed with 2% NaBH4 in 1% NaOH (2.5 ml/min), and the mixture was combined with the sample stream (2.75 ml/min) in a V-shaped reaction vessel, and the resulting AsH3 was swept by Ar, via a water condenser, into the ICP source (operating conditions tabulated) and the intensity of the As emission was recorded at 279.55 nm. Under the cited conditions up to 100 &micro;g/ml of the interfering elements could be tolerated. The limit of detection was 0.82 ng/ml of As, and for 50 ng/ml of As the RSD was 1.3% (n = 10).',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:35:40',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Ben Hassine, B.',
			'address' => 'Facult&eacute; des Sciences de Monastir D&eacute;partment de Chimie, 5000 Monastir, Tunisie',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/s0021663560331',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Interferences by transition metals and their elimination by cyanide as a complexing agent in the determination of arsenic using continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES system', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1996 356(5) 331-334',
			'firstchar' => 'I',
			'twochars' => 'In',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 20 => array(
			'id' => '009183',
			'authors' => 'Feng, Y.L.;Narasaki, H.;Chen, H.Y.;Tian, L.C.',
			'authorsweb' => ' Yong-Lai Feng, H. Narasaki, Hong-Yuan Chen, Li-Ching Tian',
			'title' => 'Semi-automatic determination of tin in marine materials by continuous-flow hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1997V0357P00822',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '357',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '822',
			'endpage' => '826',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2363;',
			'matrices' => ';0404;0714;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0086;0109;0217;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Sample (1.25 g) was equilibrated overnight with 15 mL 68% HNO3 and 2 mL 70% HClO4, then digested by heating with 0.5 mL concentrated H2SO4. The resulting solution was adjusted to pH 3.5 with 4 M NaOH and passed through a DIAION SA 10A anion-exchange resin column (15 cm x 8 mm i.d.; Mitsubishi Kasei Corp., Tokyo, Japan). The eluate was mixed with 3.5 mL 3 M H2SO4 and 2.5 mL 10% L-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate, diluted to 25 mL and then analyzed for Sn by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES at 189.93 nm (operating conditions given). The detection limit was 0.4 ng/mL Sn and the RSD (n = 10) was 0.5%. The effects of varying the H2SO4, NaBH4 (hydride-generating reagent) and NaOH concentrations, Ar (carrier gas) and NaBH4 flow rates and the ratio of flow rates of sample solution and NaBH4 were investigated (results presented). The effects of interferents were also investigated, along with seven methods for masking interference (results tabulated). The method was applied to an environmental (marine) CRM. The result agreed with the certified value and the RSD (n = 6) was 0.95%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '19',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:47:33',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => '?',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/s002160050256',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Semi-automatic determination of tin in marine materials by continuous-flow hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1997 357(7) 822-826',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Se',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 21 => array(
			'id' => '009184',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Baucells, M.;Pelfort, E.;Roura, M.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. Martinez, M. Baucells, E. Pelfort, M. Roura, R. Olsina',
			'title' => 'Selenium determination by hydride-generation ICP-AES: elimination of iron interferences by means of an ion-exchange resin in a continuous-flow system',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1997V0357P00850',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '357',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '850',
			'endpage' => '852',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0428;0380;0520;0322;0217;0127;0385;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'Sample solution prepared from geological materials (details given) was subjected to online SPE on a Dowex 50W-X8 cation-exchange column (5-10 cm x 3 mm i.d.) at 2 ml/min to remove Fe. A portion (500 &micro;L) of the extract was injected into a water stream (6 ml/min), which merged with a stream (1 ml/min) of 6N-HCl and a stream (1 ml/min) of 0.6% NaBH4. The flow passed through a reaction coil (dimensions not given) and into a gas-liquid separator. Volatile hydrides were carried in Ar (90 ml/min) into a plasma torch for ICP-AES determination of Se (operating conditions given). The column eliminated interference from 2.5 mg/ml Fe in the determination of 20 ng/ml Se. The detection limit ws 0.4 ng/ml Se, recoveries were 98-99.5% and the RSD (n = 10) was 2%. Calibration details are not given. The method was applied to geological CRM. The results agreed with the certified values.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-07-28 10:15:57',
			'hits' => '18',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:47:36',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00344',
			'pauthor' => '!Martinez, L.D.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/s002160050261',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Selenium determination by hydride-generation ICP-AES: elimination of iron interferences by means of an ion-exchange resin in a continuous-flow system', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1997 357(7) 850-852',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Se',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 22 => array(
			'id' => '009391',
			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Zhuang, Z.X.;Yang, P.Y.;Huang, B.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Wang X. O., Zhuang Z. X., Yang P. Y. and Huang B. L.',
			'title' => 'Hyphenated techniques combined with atomic spectrometry for environmental studies',
			'journal' => 'Microchem. J.',
			'journal_id' => '0639',
			'fadid' => 'MCHJ1995V0051P00088',
			'year' => '1995',
			'volume' => '51',
			'issue' => '1-2',
			'startpage' => '88',
			'endpage' => '98',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1471;1466;',
			'matrices' => ';0852;0882;0394;0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0038;0256;0455;0461;0465;0481;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0389;0097;0434;0520;0436;0475;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The development and application of hyphenated techniques combined with atomic spectrometries for environmental analysis at Xiamen University, China, are described. The techniques include: flow injection online microcolumns combined with AAS, GFAAS, ICP AFS and ICP-AES for trace and ultratrace analysis of water; flow injection online solvent extraction combined with AAS and ICP-AES; flow injection online hydride generation for the elemental analysis of Chinese herbs and rain by AAS and ICP-AES; flow injection online coprecipitation-dissolution for the determination of trace heavy metals in seawater and rain by GFAAS and ICP-AES; and HPLC combined with ICP-AES for multielement speciation analysis of Chinese tea.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '40',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:22:10',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Xiamen Univ., Dept. Chem., Res. Center Environ. Sci., Xiamen 361005 China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1006/mchj.1995.1012',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Hyphenated techniques combined with atomic spectrometry for environmental studies', Microchem. J., 1995 51(1-2) 88-98',
			'firstchar' => 'H',
			'twochars' => 'Hy',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 23 => array(
			'id' => '009493',
			'authors' => 'Yokoi, K.;Kimura, M.;Itokawa, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Katsuhiko Yokoi, Mieko Kimura and Yoshinori Itokawa',
			'title' => 'Determination of tin in biological samples using gaseous hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Biochem.',
			'journal_id' => '0570',
			'fadid' => 'ANBI1990V0190P00071',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '190',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '71',
			'endpage' => '77',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2363;',
			'matrices' => ';0219;0194;0210;0259;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0118;0322;0109;0520;0520;0231;',
			'abstract' => 'Liver, brain, testis or kidney was homogenized and heated with HNO3 and HClO4 in Kjeldahl flasks until white fumes appeared. Water was added with heating until the solution was clear and colorless. An aliquot of the solution was treated with trichloroacetic acid (I) and diluted with water to 0.2% in I. This solution was mixed, in a continuous-flow hydride-generation system (diagram given), with 1% I solution and then with 0.5% NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH solution and passed through a gas - liquid separator (design presented) and the hydride, in an Ar-stream, was determined by ICP-AES at 189.989 nm. The limit of detection was 30 pg mL-1 of Sn, mean recovery was 87 to 99% and the coefficient of variation was 1.2%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:35:44',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-chou, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0003-2697(90)90135-V',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of tin in biological samples using gaseous hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Anal. Biochem., 1990 190(1) 71-77',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 24 => array(
			'id' => '010562',
			'authors' => 'Nakahara, T.;Nakanishi, K.;Wasa, T.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Taketoshi Nakahara, Kuniyuki Nakanishi and Tamotsu Wasa',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace concentrations of bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with hydride generation',
			'journal' => 'Spectrochim. Acta B',
			'journal_id' => '0650',
			'fadid' => 'SCAB1987V0042P00119',
			'year' => '1987',
			'volume' => '42',
			'issue' => '1-2',
			'startpage' => '119',
			'endpage' => '128',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0433;',
			'matrices' => ';0044;0727;0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;0416;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0380;0440;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The continuous-flow hydride-generation apparatus used was as described previously (Anal. Chim. Acta, 1981, 131, 73; Appl. Spectrosc., 1983, 37, 539). The sample solution in 1 M HCl and 1% NaBH4 solution in 1% NaOH were pumped at 16 and 5.5 mL min-1, respectively, and the BiH3 evolved was carried to the ICP in a stream of Ar for the emission intensity at 223.06 nm to be measured. The instrumental coefficient of variation (n = 10) for 0.5, 2, 20 and 200 ng mL-1 of Bi were 3.5, 2.8, 2.2 and 1.3%, respectively, the limit of detection was 0.35 ng mL-1, and a graph of emission intensity vs. log. Bi concentration. was rectilinear for ~1 ng mL-1 to ~10 &micro;g mL-1. The method of standard additions was used for actual determinations, in the presence of 0.1 M thiourea to minimize interference. Results for various geological reference standards, standard copper and standard aluminum alloys (digestion procedures described) agreed well with reported or certified values.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '22',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:28:56',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00271',
			'pauthor' => '!Nakahara, T.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0584-8547(87)80055-1',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace concentrations of bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with hydride generation', Spectrochim. Acta B, 1987 42(1-2) 119-128',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 25 => array(
			'id' => '010579',
			'authors' => 'Tao, H.;Boyko, V.J.;McLaren, J.W.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Hiroaki Tao*, Victor J. Boyko and James W. Mclaren',
			'title' => 'Improvements in the signal-to-background ratio with hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Spectrochim. Acta B',
			'journal_id' => '0650',
			'fadid' => 'SCAB1993V0048P01339',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '48',
			'issue' => '11',
			'startpage' => '1339',
			'endpage' => '1345',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0253;0409;',
			'abstract' => 'An investigation of the effects of torch position and of diameter of the central tube of the ICP torch on signal-to-background ratio and reflected power in hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry has identified conditions under which a stable plasma can be sustained at only 0.5 kW with a five times better signal-to-background ratio for Se than could be obtained at 1.4 kW. The improved performance is attributed to a more efficient introduction of hydrogen to the central channel of the plasma. [References: 15]',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:55:15',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => '!Mclaren, J.W.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0584-8547(93)80122-B',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Improvements in the signal-to-background ratio with hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Spectrochim. Acta B, 1993 48(11) 1339-1345',
			'firstchar' => 'I',
			'twochars' => 'Im',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 26 => array(
			'id' => '010674',
			'authors' => 'Tao, H.;Miyazaki, A.;Bansho, K.',
			'authorsweb' => 'H. TAO, A. MIYAZAKI and K. BANSHO',
			'title' => 'Hydride-generation system with a hydrogen separation membrane for low-power inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Sci.',
			'journal_id' => '0963',
			'fadid' => 'ANSC1990V0006P00195',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '6',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '195',
			'endpage' => '199',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;1037;0266;2363;',
			'matrices' => 'NA',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0109;0058;0349;0253;',
			'abstract' => 'A hydrogen separation membrane module is described consisting of hollow aromatic polyimide fibers. The module, operated at ~90&deg;C, was connected to a continuous-flow hydride generator (diagram given) for removal of H before analysis of the hydrides by ICP-AES with Ar as carrier gas. Detection limits obtained for As, Ge, Hg, Sb and Sn are tabulated. The coefficient of variation were 1% at 50 ng mL-1 of each element. Calibration graphs were rectilinear from the detection limit to 100 &micro;g mL-1. Online pre-concentration with use of the module could not be carried out with He instead of Ar as carrier gas beause He permeated the membrane reducing its flow rate.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-07-05 22:44:26',
			'hits' => '4',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:36:13',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Bansho, K.',
			'address' => 'National Research Institute for Pollution and Resources, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.2116/analsci.6.195',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Hydride-generation system with a hydrogen separation membrane for low-power inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry', Anal. Sci., 1990 6(2) 195-199',
			'firstchar' => 'H',
			'twochars' => 'Hy',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 27 => array(
			'id' => '010920',
			'authors' => 'Li, Z.;McIntosh, S.A.;Slavin, W.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Zhang Li, Susan McIntosh and Walter Slavin',
			'title' => 'Simultaneous determination of hydride and non-hydride forming elements by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Proc.',
			'journal_id' => '0866',
			'fadid' => 'ANPR1992V0029P00438',
			'year' => '1992',
			'volume' => '29',
			'issue' => '10',
			'startpage' => '438',
			'endpage' => '439',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;2138;0266;0433;0478;0642;0684;1293;1430;1575;1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0962;0961;0965;0350;0058;0372;0559;0395;0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0481;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0380;0158;0285;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'Arsenic, Se, Sb, Bi, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb were determined in the NIST environmental standard reference materials steel, coal fly ash, urban particulated and 1643b water by ICP-AES. A Perkin-Elmer FIAS-2000 flow injection system was used for hydride generation (experimental conditions tabulated). The sample solution was split into two streams, one being pumped directly to the nebulizer, the other mixed with HCl and NaBH4 solution in the mixing tubes of the chemifold. After separation, the hydride was swept into the spray chamber through a slightly modified cross-flow nebulizer cap. The hydride was then carried into the plasma together with sample aerosol. Recoveries of 20 &micro;g L-1 of As, Sb and Se and 50 &micro;g L-1 of non-hydride forming elements in river- and seawater standards were >80%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '34',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:34:12',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '01441',
			'pauthor' => '!Slavin, W.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/AP9922900436',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Simultaneous determination of hydride and non-hydride forming elements by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Anal. Proc., 1992 29(10) 438-439',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Si',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
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		),
		(int) 28 => array(
			'id' => '010986',
			'authors' => 'Sanz Medel, A.;Menendez Garcia, A.;Fernandez, M.L.;Sanchez Uria, J.E.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Tandem online separations: an alternative sample presentation in atomic spectrometry for ultra-trace analysis',
			'journal' => 'Acta Chim. Hung.',
			'journal_id' => '1039',
			'fadid' => 'ACHH1991V0128P00551',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '128',
			'issue' => '4-5',
			'startpage' => '551',
			'endpage' => '558',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0130;0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0058;0167;',
			'techniques' => ';0452;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0153;0349;0475;',
			'abstract' => 'The coupling of continuous-separation - pre-concentration. devices with atomic spectrometers for ultra-trace elementary analysis is discussed. Simple systems are first outlined, including solid - liquid and liquid - liquid online flow injection extraction coupled with AAS or ICP-AES for Al determination in biological fluids, and continuous gas - liquid separation coupled with ICP-AES for As determination in steel and as an introduction device for S2- determination in a microwave plasma. Examples are then given of tandem configurations in which two different continuous separation units are combined in a single online configuration. A tandem online device based on continuous extraction combined with hydride generation and coupled with ICP-AES for direct As, Sb and I- determinations is described, as well as a continuous liquid - liquid extraction device coupled with ICP-AES or AAS for indirect I- determination. Results show that many sensitivity and selectivity limitations of ultra-trace analysis can be overcome by the use of tandem online separation techniques.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
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			'hits' => '0',
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			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'NA SJC 103113',
			'url' => 'NA',
			'urltype' => 'NA',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Tandem online separations: an alternative sample presentation in atomic spectrometry for ultra-trace analysis', Acta Chim. Hung., 1991 128(4-5) 551-558',
			'firstchar' => 'T',
			'twochars' => 'Ta',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			)
		),
		(int) 29 => array(
			'id' => '011570',
			'authors' => 'Etoh, M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic and selenium in coal and fly ash by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES',
			'journal' => 'Bunseki Kagaku',
			'journal_id' => '0965',
			'fadid' => 'BUNK1987V0036P00T95',
			'year' => '1987',
			'volume' => '36',
			'issue' => '9',
			'startpage' => 'T95',
			'endpage' => 'T99',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0558;0559;',
			'techniques' => ';0416;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;',
			'abstract' => 'Coal was digested with HNO4 and HClO3 and fly ash was digested with HNO3 and H2SO4. The As and Se were separated from co-existing elements (except for Sb, Sn and Ge) by distillation with HBr and Br. Arsenic and Se were determined by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES. Recoveries were 98 to 104%, and coefficient of variation were 2.4 to 3.5 and 2.7 to 4.5%, respectively, for As and Se. Tin, Sb and Ge did not interfere at concentration. present in the samples used.',
			'language' => 'Japanese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:14:38',
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			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Etoh, M.',
			'address' => 'Nippon Engelhard Ltd., Ichikawa Lab., Ichikawa-shi, Chiba 272 Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.2116/bunsekikagaku.36.9_T95',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic and selenium in coal and fly ash by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES', Bunseki Kagaku, 1987 36(9) T95-T99',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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				[maximum depth reached]
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		),
		(int) 30 => array(
			'id' => '012302',
			'authors' => 'Chen, H.;Jiang, Z.C.;Kong, L.Y.;Zeng, Y.N.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Chen Hao;Jiang Zucheng;Kong Linying;Zen Yun'e',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace amounts of arsenic by flow injection analysis - hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectroscopy',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Ceshi Tongbao',
			'journal_id' => '0878',
			'fadid' => 'FXCT1990V0009P00009',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '9',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '9',
			'endpage' => '14',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0285;0217;0109;0302;',
			'abstract' => 'A double capillary nebulizer was used to generate the hydride of the analyte. Factors affecting line intensity in the flow injection system were investigated. The effects of several inorganic acids, their acidity and inter-element interference effects were examined. Under optimum conditions the detection limit of As was 5.2 mg mL-1; the coefficient of variation was 1.48% for 2 &micro;g mL-1 (n = 10). Recoveries of Al from NaCl and AlCl3.xH2O were >95%.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 17:49:33',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, The Center of Test and Measurement, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-TEST199001003.htm',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace amounts of arsenic by flow injection analysis - hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectroscopy', Fenxi Ceshi Tongbao, 1990 9(1) 9-14',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 31 => array(
			'id' => '012384',
			'authors' => 'Gao, H.;Li, K.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic, antimony and bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with flow injection analysis and hydride generation',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Huaxue',
			'journal_id' => '1033',
			'fadid' => 'FXHX1991V0019P01285',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '19',
			'issue' => '11',
			'startpage' => '1285',
			'endpage' => '1287',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;',
			'matrices' => ';0536;0552;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0440;',
			'abstract' => 'A 0.175-g ore or rock sample was wetted with a little water and then dissolved in 9 mL of HCl plus 3 mL of HNO3 and 1 mL of H2SO4 (1:1); after evaporation to fumes and cooling, 2.5 mL of HCl, 5 mL of 10% KI - 5% ascorbic acid - 5% thiourea solution and water were added to 25 mL. The solution was then carried at a flow-rate of 11 mL min-1 to react with 1% KBH4 solution (containing 0.2% of NaOH) at 5.5 mL min-1 in the flow injection system (diagram pesented), and the generated hydrides were carried by Ar (0.6 l min-1) for separation by a gas separator before passing to a direct-reading spectrometer for ICP-AES determination of As, Sb and Bi with measurement at 193.76, 217.5 and 306.7 nm, respectively. By the standard-additions method, recoveries were 94 to 107%. Determination ranges for As, Sb and Bi were up to 1000, 300 and 300 &micro;g g-1, respectively, and their corresponding detection limits were 0.2, 0.2 and 0.1 &micro;g g-1. Masking agents could be used to increase tolerance levels of the co-existing ions; background interferences in the gas phase could be corrected for.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 13:36:20',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'Checked SP 06/09/98',
			'url' => '210.14.121.5:8080/fxhx/homeAction!downloadArticleFile.action?attachType=PDF&id=8773',
			'urltype' => 'pdfurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic, antimony and bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with flow injection analysis and hydride generation', Fenxi Huaxue, 1991 19(11) 1285-1287',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 32 => array(
			'id' => '012429',
			'authors' => 'Wang, H.N.;Chen, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace arsenic in copper alloy by online flow injection - hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Huaxue',
			'journal_id' => '1033',
			'fadid' => 'FXHX1994V0022P00816',
			'year' => '1994',
			'volume' => '22',
			'issue' => '8',
			'startpage' => '816',
			'endpage' => '818',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0048;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0217;0385;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'Sample (1 g) was decomposed with 6 mL HNO3 and the pH was adjusted to 1 and diluted to 100 mL with water. The solution was injected into the analysis system and transferred by a stream of water at 1.6 ml/min to a column (5 cm x 5 mm i.d.) of cation-exchange resin and eluted with 2.2 M HCl at 4.4 ml/min; the eluate was mixed with 2.2 M HCl at 1.6 ml/min treated with 1% NaBH4 at 1 ml/min. The generated hydride was directly determined by ICP with measurement at 228.8 nm. The detection limit was 0.9 &micro;g/g. Interference from up to 10 mg/ml of Cu(II) could be eliminated. Recovery was 102-104%. Sampling frequency was 25 runs/h.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 14:16:15',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Harbin Univ. Technol., Anal. ^amp Measurement Centre, Harbin 150006, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'CHECKED SC 12/23/98;Checked AP 06/08/98',
			'url' => '210.14.121.5:8080/fxhx/homeAction!downloadArticleFile.action?attachType=PDF&id=7635',
			'urltype' => 'pdfurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace arsenic in copper alloy by online flow injection - hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fenxi Huaxue, 1994 22(8) 816-818',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			)
		),
		(int) 33 => array(
			'id' => '012528',
			'authors' => 'Yu, X.;Chen, J.G.;Wang, S.Q.;Liao, Z.H.;Jiang, Z.C.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Yu Xin, Chen Jianguo, Wang Songqing, Liao Zhenhuan, Jiang Zucheng',
			'title' => 'Online determination of trace lead in high-salt food by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Kexue Xuebao',
			'journal_id' => '0880',
			'fadid' => 'FXKX1997V0013P00026',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '13',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '26',
			'endpage' => '29',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0415;1013;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0322;0440;',
			'abstract' => 'Salted vegetable (10 g) was homogenized then digested with 8 mL HNO3/HClO4 and evaporated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in 7.5 mL 0.5 M HCl and diluted with water to 25 mL. A 300 &micro;L portion of the solution was injected into the required setup (diagram illustrated) and flowed with a carrier stream of water at 3 ml/min to react with 15% H2O2 to oxidise lower valent Pb to high valent Pb before reaction with a stream of 4% NaBH4 in 0.8% NaOH at 1.5 ml/min, transferring to the gas-liquid separator, and detection of Pb in the Ar flow by ICP-AES with measurement at 220.35 nm. The calibration graph was linear from 0.005-1 &micro;g/ml Pb, with a detection limit of 1.6 ng/ml. When determining 50 ng/ml Pb, the RSD (n = 7) was 1.2%. By the standard-additions method, recoveries were 96.3-101.4%. The method was used in the analysis of e.g. pickled cabbage.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2013-12-14 05:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 17:50:45',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Chemistry Department of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-FXKX702.005.htm',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Online determination of trace lead in high-salt food by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fenxi Kexue Xuebao, 1997 13(2) 26-29',
			'firstchar' => 'O',
			'twochars' => 'On',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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				[maximum depth reached]
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		),
		(int) 34 => array(
			'id' => '012604',
			'authors' => 'Yu, X.;Chen, J.;Wang, S.;Liao, Z.;Jiang, Z.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Simultaneous determination of trace arsenic, antimony and bismuth in electrolytic copper sample by flow injection hydride generation coupled with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Shiyanshi',
			'journal_id' => '0881',
			'fadid' => 'FXSS1998V0017P00057',
			'year' => '1998',
			'volume' => '17',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '57',
			'endpage' => '59',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;0266;0433;',
			'matrices' => ';0727;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0420;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The technique of flow injection hydride generation coupled with ICP-AES and its application on determining trace As, Sb and Bi in electrolytic Cu was studied. An effective method was established, the relative standard deviation for determination of As, Sb, Bi was 2.3, 1.8, 2.8% (n = 11), and the detection limit was 0.3, 0.3, 1.15 &micro;g/g respectively.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-23 18:04:10',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Dept. Chem., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan 430072, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'Checked SC 06/24/99',
			'url' => 'en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-FXSY801.016.htm',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Simultaneous determination of trace arsenic, antimony and bismuth in electrolytic copper sample by flow injection hydride generation coupled with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Fenxi Shiyanshi, 1998 17(1) 57-59',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
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				[maximum depth reached]
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		),
		(int) 35 => array(
			'id' => '014198',
			'authors' => 'Campbell, A.D.',
			'authorsweb' => 'A. D. Campbell',
			'title' => 'A critical survey of hydride generation techniques in atomic spectroscopy',
			'journal' => 'Pure Appl. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0763',
			'fadid' => 'PACH1992V0064P00227',
			'year' => '1992',
			'volume' => '64',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '227',
			'endpage' => '244',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;1037;1359;2138;2284;2363;',
			'matrices' => 'NA',
			'techniques' => ';0465;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0389;0520;0217;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A review with 134 references. Formation of the hydrides of antimony, arsenic, bismuth, germanium, lead, selenium, tellurium and tin by reaction with sodium tetrahydroborate(III) affords an excellent method for the separation of these elements as gases from a wide range of matrixes. Excellent low limits of detection are attained when this separation method is combined with atomization of the hydride in a heated quartz tube in the optical axis of a conventional atomic absorption spectrometer but there are many interferences to contend with both at the hydride generation stage and in the atomization process. Hydride generation is also used in conjunction with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectrometers. It is particularly useful for the determination of arsenic and selenium which suffer considerable spectral interferences caused by radicals in flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Implications of recent advances in the application of this separation procedure for the determination of hydride forming elements by atomic absorption and also ICP atomic emission spectrog. techniques are discussed.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-08-15 12:29:57',
			'hits' => '30',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:41:30',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Campbell, A.D.',
			'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Box 46, Dunedin, New Zealand',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1351/pac199264020227',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''A critical survey of hydride generation techniques in atomic spectroscopy', Pure Appl. Chem., 1992 64(2) 227-244',
			'firstchar' => 'A',
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"Determination Of Germanium By Hydride Generation Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry Combined With Flow Injection"
J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 1988 Volume 3, Issue 4 Pages 579-582

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			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0436;0520;0076;',
			'abstract' => 'Antimony(III) and antimony(V) were speciated by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (HG-ICP-AES) based on the pre-reduction kinetics of antimony(V) to antimony(III) with L-cysteine. A linear relationship between the reduced amount of antimony(V) with 3 mg mL-1 of L-cysteine and the reaction time was achieved within 10 min. The reduced amount of antimony(V) were determined after 2 and 8 min, respectively, by using HG-ICP-AES in this method. Mutual interferences of antimony(III) and antimony(V) were investigated. Interferences from transition metals were removed by a Chelex 100 resin column. The method was successfully applied to speciate antimony(III) and antimony(V) in spiked water samples. The detection limits of the method for antimony(III) and antimony(V) were 1.2 and 4.5 ng mL-1 respectively.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '2',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 16:30:18',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00474',
			'pauthor' => '!Narasaki, H.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(99)00007-0',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Speciation of antimony(III) and antimony(V) using hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with the rate of pre-reduction of antimony', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1999 386(3) 297-304',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Sp',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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			),
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			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '002681',
			'authors' => 'Ulrich, N.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Nina Ulrich',
			'title' => 'Determination of antimony species with fluoride as modifier and flow injection hydride generation inductively-coupled plasma emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA2000V0417P00201',
			'year' => '2000',
			'volume' => '417',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '201',
			'endpage' => '209',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0267;0269;2571;',
			'matrices' => ';0500;0367;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0436;0217;0258;',
			'abstract' => 'A new method for the determination of species of antimony(III) [Sb(III)], antimony(v) [Sb(V)] and trimethylstiboxide [TMeSbO] with fluoride as modifier is introduced. A flow injection (FI) system for hydride generation was used in combination with an inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer as detector. The pre-reduction was accomplished with potassium iodide dissolved in hydrochloric acid and the reduction with sodium borohydride. The influence of fluoride on the reduction and pre-reduction step was investigated by adding different amounts of sodium fluoride to the solvent stream. At a concentration of 100 mg/l fluoride and 1.2% potassium iodide, the hydride formation of Sb(V) and Sb(III) was suppressed below the detection limit, while TMeSbO showed no signal depression. The use of 100 mg/l fluoride without potassium iodide led to complete signal suppression for Sb(V) with apparently no influence on the signal intensity of Sb(III) and TMeSbO. The concentration of TMeSbO was measured directly, the concentrations of Sb(III) and Sb(V) were calculated on the basis of the three analyzing steps, giving detection limits and relative standard deviations of 1.1 (2.6%), 1.2 (5.3%) and 1.4 &micro;g/l (8.1%), respectively. The method was applied to orange juice samples.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2002-04-20 14:00:00',
			'hits' => '3',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 16:35:43',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00686',
			'pauthor' => '!Ulrich, N.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)00939-9',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of antimony species with fluoride as modifier and flow injection hydride generation inductively-coupled plasma emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 2000 417(2) 201-209',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '004615',
			'authors' => 'Liversage, R.R.;Van Loon, J.C.;De Andrade, J.C.',
			'authorsweb' => 'R. R. Liversage and J. C. Van Loon, J. C. De Andrade',
			'title' => 'A flow injection/hydride generation system for the determination of arsenic by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1984V0161P00275',
			'year' => '1984',
			'volume' => '161',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '275',
			'endpage' => '283',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0954;0961;0964;0987;0994;0361;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'After optimizing the concentration. of HCl and NaI in the test solution, the concentration. of NaBH4, sample and reductant volume and flow rate, Ar carrier-gas flow rate and r.f. power, As (10 to 1000 ppb) was determined in NBS orchard leaves, coal fly ash and river sediment and NRCC MESS-1 and BCSS-1 standard reference materials with good accuracy and precision by using an ARL 34000 Quantometer. The coefficient of variation (n = 10) at the 100-ppb level of As was 7.2%, and the detection limit was 1.4 ng for a 0.17 mL sample volume The calibration graph was rectilinear for 0.01 to 1 ppm of As. Cobalt, Ni, Ag, Au, Bi, Te and Sn interfered. About 200 injections h-1 were possible.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '7',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:46:11',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Departments of Geology and Chemistry and the Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1 Canada',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85797-9',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''A flow injection/hydride generation system for the determination of arsenic by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1984 161(1) 275-283',
			'firstchar' => 'A',
			'twochars' => 'A ',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '004924',
			'authors' => 'Tioh, N.H.;Israel, Y.;Barnes, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Ngee-Heng Tioh, Yecheskel Israel and Ramon M. Barnes',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic in glycerol by flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1986V0184P00205',
			'year' => '1986',
			'volume' => '184',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '205',
			'endpage' => '212',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0796;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => '',
			'abstract' => 'A flow injection system is used to mix glycerol solution, containing 0.12 to 3.0 &micro;g g-1 of As, with 1.1% NaBH4 solution (in 0.2 or 0.5 M NaOH) - 6 M HCl (10:49). The generated AsH3 is removed in a vapor - liquid flow cell and determined directly by ICP-AES at 193.7 nm, with Ar as carrier gas (0.39 l min-1). The calibration graph was rectilinear in the range 0.12 to 3.0 &micro;g mL-1 of As with a coefficient of variation of 1.4%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '2',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:50:25',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)86483-1',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic in glycerol by flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1986 184(1) 205-212',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array([maximum depth reached])
		),
		(int) 4 => array(
			'id' => '005937',
			'authors' => 'Valdes Hevia y Temprano, M.C.;Aizpun Fernandez, B.;Fernandez De La Campa, M.R.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. C. Vald&eacute;s-Hevia y Temprano, B. Aizp&uacute;n Fern&aacute;ndez, M. R. Fern&aacute;ndez de la Campa and A. Sanz-Medel*',
			'title' => 'Study of the influence of ordered media on the determination of lead by hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1993V0283P00175',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '283',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '175',
			'endpage' => '182',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0083;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0261;0217;',
			'abstract' => 'Several micelle- and vesicle-forming substances were examined for use in the continuous-flow generation of plumbane. The best results were obtained with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (I) micelles and didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (II) vesicles. For the analyzes, the test solution (containing 0.1 mM I or 1 mM II), 2% HNO3 and aqueous 6% ammonium thiosulfate were merged in a four-channel union cross and the resulting solution was merged with 10% NaBH4 solution in aqueous 0.1% NaOH before passing to the grid nebulizer of an ICP spectrometer with a 40 MHz source unit. Best results were obtained with the I-containing system; the detection limit was 9 ng/ml and the RSD (n = 50) was 1.4% at 50 ng/ml. Interference studies for a range of elements and anions showed that Se, As, Hg and Sn were less troublesome in the presence of I. The method was applied to the determination of Pb in commercial apple, orange and pineapple juices without pre-treatment.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '1',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 16:10:44',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00301',
			'pauthor' => '!Sanz Medel, A.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0003-2670(93)85220-E',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Study of the influence of ordered media on the determination of lead by hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1993 283(1) 175-182',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'St',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '008039',
			'authors' => 'Nakata, F.;Sunahara, H.;Fujimoto, H.;Yamamoto, M.;Kumamaru, T.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Fumio Nakata, Hiroshi Sunahara, Hiroyoshi Fujimoto, Manabu Yamamoto and Takahiro Kumamaru',
			'title' => 'Determination of germanium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with flow injection',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P00579',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '579',
			'endpage' => '582',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1037;',
			'matrices' => ';0642;0890;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0173;0258;0440;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'The sample (20 to 40 mg) of single-crystal gallium arsenide was dissolved in HNO3 and the solution was diluted with water to 25 mL. A 1 mL aliquot was analyzed by a system (illustrated) consisting of a PTFE flow injection manifold by which the sample is mixed with sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.5), NaBH4 solution and Ar (carrier gas), and a gas - liquid separator, constructed from micro-porous PTFE (cf. Yamamoto et al., Anal. Chem., 1987, 59, 2446), that delivers the generated hydrides directly into the sample introduction tube of the ICP torch (central orifice 0.6 mm i.d.) for determination of Ge at 265.18 nm. The calibration graph was rectilinear for 1 ng mL-1 to 10 &micro;g mL-1 of Ge; the detection limit was 0.4 ng mL-1. By using the method of standard additions, recovery of 4 ng mL-1 of Ge from non-doped, Zn-doped and Si-doped gallium arsenide was satisfactory, but no indigenous Ge was detected. The method was also applied in the analysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (sample prep. described); recoveries were 90 to 120%, and 2.5 to 3.1 ng mL-1 of Ge was detected, which is better than the detection limit (5 ng mL-1) of the official method. The sample throughput was ~150 h-1.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '4',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:04',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Hiroshima Univ., Dept. Environ. Sci., Fac. Eng., Hiroshima 724 Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880300579',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of germanium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with flow injection', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(4) 579-582',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '008044',
			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Viczian, M.;Lasztity, A.;Barnes, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoru Wang, Miklos Viczian, Alexandra Lasztity and Ramon M. Barnes',
			'title' => 'Lead hydride generation for isotope analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P00821',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '821',
			'endpage' => '827',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1365;1364;2674;2675;',
			'matrices' => ';0962;0522;0732;0372;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;0356;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0322;0380;0462;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The hydride generator, which included a Thompson U-shaped glass phase separator or a porous PTFE tube separator, was coupled to a Sciex Elan 250 ICP-MS instrument. Generation and transfer of hydrides were optimized by flow injection ICP-MS; the best signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was obtained with 0.6% HCl, 5% of NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH solution and 1% of H2O2 (used for oxidation of Pb before hydride generation), and the optimum Ar flow rate was 1.46 l min-1. For standard solution containing 10 &micro;g L-1 of Pb, calibration graphs were obtained by the isotope-dilution technique for 204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb and 208Pb; the detection limits for each isotope were between 0.04 and 0.06 &micro;g l-1. The technique was applied in the determination of Pb in NBS SRM 1643 (trace elements in water); recovery was quantitative and the coefficient of variation was 1.2% (n = 3). Ion abundances were also determined in certified galena and Pb samples (prep. described). The PTFE phase separator gave greater SNR and less interference. Interference from Fe(III) and Cu(II) was serious, but could be overcome by addition of sulfosalicylic acid and NaCN to the NaBH4 solution. The hydride-generation technique had significantly greater sensitivity for Pb than that involving nebulization.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '9',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:11',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880300821',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Lead hydride generation for isotope analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(6) 821-827',
			'firstchar' => 'L',
			'twochars' => 'Le',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 7 => array(
			'id' => '008045',
			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Barnes, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoru Wang and Ramon M. Barnes',
			'title' => 'Microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane gas-liquid separator for flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P01091',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '8',
			'startpage' => '1091',
			'endpage' => '1095',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0322;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'A gas - liquid phase separator is described that contains a micro-porous PTFE membrane clamped between grooved aluminum plates and is equipped with two inlet and two outlet ports. With flow injection controlled AsH3 generation, flow rates of 0.3 l min-1 for Ar carrier gas and 0.8 mL min-1 for sample were chosen. With use of a pore size of 1 &micro;m and a PTFE membrane supported on non-woven polyester, rectilinear calibration graphs for both peak height and area were obtained in the range 25 to 200 ng mL-1 of As. With 40 &micro;L sample injections, a steady response signal was attained in ~3 s and the absolute detection limit (peak area) was ~1 pg of As. At 100 ng mL-1 of As the precision was 6%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:14',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880301091',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane gas-liquid separator for flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(8) 1091-1095',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 8 => array(
			'id' => '008046',
			'authors' => 'Barnes, R.M.;Wang, X.R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Ramon M. Barnes and Xiaoru Wang',
			'title' => 'Micro-porous polytetrafluoroethylene-tubing gas - liquid separator for hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P01083',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '8',
			'startpage' => '1083',
			'endpage' => '1089',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0302;0322;0380;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'For the determination of As by AsH3 generation - ICP-AES, a concentric gas - liquid phase separator based on micro-porous PTFE tubing was tested under both continuous and flow injection generation conditions. Various physical operating parameters, e.g., tubing diameter and porosity and carrier gas flow rate, were optimized, and performance matched that of conventional, dual-phase and packed-bead separators for both continuous and flow injection generation. With continuous generation a rectilinear calibration graph was obtained for the range 15 to 100 ng mL-1 of As. For a reference material certified at 76 &plusmn; 7 ng mL-1 of As, the determined content was 79.6 &plusmn; 4.2 ng mL-1.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '10',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:12',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880301083',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Micro-porous polytetrafluoroethylene-tubing gas - liquid separator for hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(8) 1083-1089',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 9 => array(
			'id' => '008057',
			'authors' => 'Menendez Garcia, A.;Sanchez Uria, J.E.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Alberto Men&eacute;ndez Garc&iacute;a, J. Enrique S&aacute;nchez Ur&iacute;a and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic in an organic phase by coupling continuous-flow extraction - hydride generation with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1989V0004P00581',
			'year' => '1989',
			'volume' => '4',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '581',
			'endpage' => '585',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0061;0093;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0153;0322;0217;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Arsenic is extracted (as AsI3) from sample solution into xylene in the presence of KI and HCl, and the extract is mixed with NaBH4 in DMF and acetic acid in a continuous-flow apparatus. The mixture is passed through a gas - liquid separator, and AsH3 is determined by ICP-AES at 228.81 nm. The calibration graph is rectilinear from 0.01 to 100 &micro;g mL-1. The coefficient of variation is 2.0% at 0.1 &micro;g mL-1 (n = 10). There is no interference by equal amounts of Pt, up to 17.5-fold amounts of Cu or up to 50-fold amounts of many metals, Se or Ge. The limit of detection is 0.7 ng mL-1. The method is applied to alloys and biological reference material.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '18',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:29',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Univ. Oviedo, Dept. Phys. and Anal. Chem., Fac. Chem., Oviedo Spain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9890400581',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic in an organic phase by coupling continuous-flow extraction - hydride generation with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1989 4(7) 581-585',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 10 => array(
			'id' => '008124',
			'authors' => 'Valdes Hevia y Temprano, M.C.;Fernandez De La Campa, M.R.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. C. Vald&eacute;s-Hevia y Temprano, M. R. Fern&aacute;ndez de la Campa and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Generation of volatile cadmium species with sodium tetrahydroborate from organized media: application to cadmium determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1993V0008P00847',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '847',
			'endpage' => '852',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0478;',
			'matrices' => ';0882;',
			'techniques' => ';0417;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0261;0342;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For the continuous-flow determination of Cd by hydride-generation ICP-AES, generation was with 4% NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH as reagent (0.75 ml/min) in a micellar medium of 0.01 mM didodecyldimethylammonium bromide in 0.4 M HCl (0.75 ml/min) to aid separation. A r.f. plasma with forward power of 900 W and detection at 214.44 nm was used. Calibration graphs were rectilinear for 1 &micro;g/ml of Cd with a detection limit of 1 ng/ml and RSD of 2.1% at 50 ng/ml of Cd. The method was applied to the determination of Cd in tea infusions containing 5.8-22 ng/ml of Cd.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '7',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:50:02',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9930800847',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Generation of volatile cadmium species with sodium tetrahydroborate from organized media: application to cadmium determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1993 8(6) 847-852',
			'firstchar' => 'G',
			'twochars' => 'Ge',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 11 => array(
			'id' => '008125',
			'authors' => 'Valdes Hevia y Temprano, M.C.;Fernandez De La Campa, M.R.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. C. Vald&eacute;s-Hevia y Temprano, M. R. Fern&aacute;ndez de la Campa and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Sensitive method for determination of lead by potassium dichromate-lactic acid hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1993V0008P00821',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '821',
			'endpage' => '825',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0355;0086;0862;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0380;0302;0440;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For the continuous-flow determination of Pb as PbH4 by hydride-generation ICP-AES, generation with use of 0.3% K2Cr2O7/3% lactic acid and 5% NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH as reagents was chosen and optimization of the detection limit was studied. With use of a r.f. forward power of 700 W and detection at 220.353 nm, a detection limit of 2 ng/ml of Pb was obtained with an RSD of 1.3% at 50 ng/ml. The cited method was applied to the determination of Pb in soft-drinks, sediment and lichen reference materials. Soft drinks, containing 11-66 ng/ml, were injected directly and Pb was determined with the aid of a standard-additions procedure.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '7',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:50:00',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00301',
			'pauthor' => '!Sanz Medel, A.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9930800821',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Sensitive method for determination of lead by potassium dichromate-lactic acid hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1993 8(6) 821-825',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Se',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 12 => array(
			'id' => '008150',
			'authors' => 'Uggerud, H.;Lund, W.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Hilde Uggerud and Walter Lund',
			'title' => 'Use of thiourea in the determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1995V0010P00405',
			'year' => '1995',
			'volume' => '10',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '405',
			'endpage' => '408',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;2138;2284;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A study was made of thiourea as an agent for the pre-reduction and masking of interferences in the multi-element determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Thiourea reduces arsenic and antimony from the pentavalent to the trivalent state, without preventing the determination of tetravalent selenium and tellurium. Thiourea also eliminates the interference from a number of metals in the determination of arsenic, antimony and bismuth, but it is not effective for selenium and tellurium.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:20:23',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Univ. Oslo, Dept. Chem., 0315 Oslo Norway',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9951000405',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Use of thiourea in the determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1995 10(5) 405-408',
			'firstchar' => 'U',
			'twochars' => 'Us',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 13 => array(
			'id' => '008186',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Saidman, E.;Marchevsky, E.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. MARTINEZ, E. SAIDMAN, E. MARCHEVSKY and R. OLSINA',
			'title' => 'Determination of selenium in geochemical samples by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry following online removal of iron interference by anion exchange',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1997V0012P00487',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '12',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '487',
			'endpage' => '490',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0428;0380;0520;0322;0217;0127;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A 0.5 g sample was acid-digested by the method of Subramanian (Fresenius' Z. Anal. Chem., 1981, 305, 382), the product was heated with HCl at 90&deg;C for 1 h to reduce Se(VI) to Se(IV), and the resulting solution was diluted to 25 mL. This solution was pumped into the manifold illustrated for retention of the Fe on a microcolumn of Dowex 1-X8, and then passed to an injection valve for injection of a 0.7 mL portion into a carrier stream of water that subsequently merged with streams of 6 M HCl and 0.6% NaBH4 solution. The hydride was then generated in a reaction coil and passed via a gas-liquid separator to the plasma in a stream of Ar. The calibration graph was linear up to 30 ng/ml of Se with a detection limit of 0.3 ng/ml. The RSD (n = 10) was 2% at 20 ng/ml of Se. The results for geochemical standard reference materials agreed well with the certified values.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '22',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:48:26',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Olsina, R.',
			'address' => 'Area de Qu&#305;mica Anal&#305;tica, Facultad de Qu&#305;mica, Bioqu&#305;mica y Farmacia; Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera, 5700-San Luis, Argentina',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/a606884g',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of selenium in geochemical samples by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry following online removal of iron interference by anion exchange', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1997 12(4) 487-490',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 14 => array(
			'id' => '008530',
			'authors' => 'Hwang, J.D.;Guenther, G.D.;Diomiguardi, J.P.',
			'authorsweb' => 'J. David Hwang, Gary D. Guenther, and John P. Diomiguardi',
			'title' => 'Hydride-generator system for a 1-kW inductively coupled plasma',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0499',
			'fadid' => 'ANCH1989V0061P00285',
			'year' => '1989',
			'volume' => '61',
			'issue' => '3',
			'startpage' => '285',
			'endpage' => '288',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;0433;0266;2138;2363;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A continuous-flow hydride-generation system is described for use with a 1-kW ICP. Acidified sample solution and NaBH4 solution are pumped continuously by a multi-channel peristaltic pump into the hydride generator, wherein the sample solution flows down the outside of the NaBH4 tube and mixes and reacts with the NaBH4 solution as it emerges, thereby overcoming the dilution effects that occur in conventional hydride-generation systems. Also, smaller amounts of gaseous by-products are produced, thereby yielding a more stable plasma. Detection limits were 0.1, 1.4, 0.6, 0.3 and 1 ng mL-1 for As, Bi, Sb, Se and Sn, respectively, which are 30 to 700 times better than obtained with pneumatic nebulization.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '3',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 18:35:26',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Hwang, J.D.',
			'address' => 'Occidental Chemical Corporation, Technology Center, 2801 Long Road, Grand Island, New York 14072 USA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1021/ac00178a021',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Hydride-generator system for a 1-kW inductively coupled plasma', Anal. Chem., 1989 61(3) 285-288',
			'firstchar' => 'H',
			'twochars' => 'Hy',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 15 => array(
			'id' => '008971',
			'authors' => 'Yokoi, K.;Kimura, M.;Itokawa, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Katsuhiko Yokoi, Mieko Kimura and Yoshinori Itokawa',
			'title' => 'Miniature hydride-generator system for inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1990V0336P00423',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '336',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '423',
			'endpage' => '424',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2363;1037;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0322;0109;0285;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'In the cited continuous-flow hydride-generator system (described and illustrated), sample solution is mixed with trichloroacetic acid solution and NaBH4 solution in NaOH and passed through a gas - liquid separator (diagram given). The generated hydrides were passed into the ICP by Ar carrier gas (1 l min-1). A Shimadzu ICPS-1000 II sequential plasma spectrometer was used to determine Sn and Ge at 189.989 and 209.423 nm, respectively. The detection limits were 30 and 150 pg mL-1 for Sn and Ge, respectively; ~100-fold better than those of conventional pneumatic nebulizer ICP-AES.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '2',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:38:20',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Yokoi, K.',
			'address' => 'Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-chou, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, 606 Kyoto, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00321893',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Miniature hydride-generator system for inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1990 336(5) 423-424',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 16 => array(
			'id' => '008990',
			'authors' => 'Schramel, P.;Xu, L.Q.',
			'authorsweb' => 'P. Schramel and Li-Qiang Xu',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tin in biological and environmental samples by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES without gas-liquid separator',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1991V0340P00041',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '340',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '41',
			'endpage' => '47',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;2138;2363;',
			'matrices' => ';0093;0404;',
			'techniques' => ';0416;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0285;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Arsenic, Sb, Bi, Se and Sn were simultaneously determined in samples by ICP-AES with use of the cited hydride-generation system (diagram given) at 1.5 kW. Samples were digested (i) under pressure with 70% HNO3 in a closed vessel at 170&deg;C for 10 h and (ii) with HNO3 - ClHO4 - H2SO4 (details given). Sample solution in 30% HCl - 20% HNO3 were mixed with a reductant solution consisting of 3% NaBH4 and 2% KI prior to nebulization in the ICP spectrometer and determination by AES. Interferences caused by Cu and Ni ions were eliminated with use of the reductant. In general results were in good agreement with certified values; detection limits were at the ng level.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '11',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 02:18:18',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '01281',
			'pauthor' => '!Schramel, P.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00324390',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tin in biological and environmental samples by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES without gas-liquid separator', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1991 340(1) 41-47',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 17 => array(
			'id' => '009109',
			'authors' => 'Menendez Garcia, A.;Perez Rodriguez, M.C.;Sanchez Uria, J.E.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'A. Men&eacute;ndez Garc&iacute;a, M. C. P&eacute;rez Rodr&iacute;guez, J. E. S&aacute;nchez Uria and A. Sanz-Medel ',
			'title' => 'Antimony(III) and antimony(V) separation and analytical speciation by a continuous tandem online separation device in connection with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1995V0353P00128',
			'year' => '1995',
			'volume' => '353',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '128',
			'endpage' => '132',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0267;0269;',
			'matrices' => ';0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0436;0217;0520;0260;0322;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For Sb(III) determination a stream of sample (0.75 ml/min) mixed with 0.2 M ammonium citrate/NaOH buffer solution of pH 6 was merged with a stream (0.7 ml/min) of 0.1% pyrrolidine-1-dithiocarboxylic acid ammonium salt and the resulting stream (1.45 ml/min) then merged with IBMK (0.5 ml/min) at a solvent segmenter. Extraction took place in an extraction coil (270 cm x 0.7 mm i.d.) and the consecutive organic and aqueous segments were separated at a membrane phase separator. The aqueous phase as collected for Sb(V) determinations and the organic phase was mixed with glacial acetic acid (1 ml/min) and 2% sodium tetrahydroborate in DMF (0.5 ml/min) for stibine generation. The stibine formed was transferred to the ICP torch by Ar (0.3 l/min) and Sb was monitored at 217.58 nm. For Sb(V) determination the aqueous phase collected above was acidified with HCl to give a final concentration of 3 M HCl and mixed with 2% KI. The resulting solution was used for hydride generation ICP-AES with 1% NaBH4. The calibration graph was linear up to 100 &micro;g/ml with detection limits of 3 ng/ml of Sb(III) and 8 ng/ml of Sb(V). RSD (n = 10) were 4% for 100 ng/ml Sb(III) and 5% for 100 ng/ml Sb(V). Interferences by ions found in sea and estuarine water was tabulated and discussed. The method was applied to Sb determination in seawater.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '8',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:19:55',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00301',
			'pauthor' => '!Sanz Medel, A.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00322945',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Antimony(III) and antimony(V) separation and analytical speciation by a continuous tandem online separation device in connection with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1995 353(2) 128-132',
			'firstchar' => 'A',
			'twochars' => 'An',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 18 => array(
			'id' => '009114',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Baucells, M.;Pelfort, E.;Roura, M.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. Martinez, M. Baucells, E. Pelfort, M. Roura, R. Olsina',
			'title' => 'Removal of iron interference in the determination of selenium in geological samples by continuous-flow hydride generation ICP-AES',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1996V0354P00126',
			'year' => '1996',
			'volume' => '354',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '126',
			'endpage' => '127',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0380;0217;',
			'abstract' => 'Samples (0.5 g) were digested with 6 mL HCl and 2 mL HNO3, the mixture was cooled, 5 mL HClO4 and 10 mL HF were added and the mixture was left overnight. The solution was evaporated until fumes of HClO4 ceased. This step was repeated until complete solution was obtained, the liquid was treated with 4 mL water and 2 mL HNO3 and diluted to 20 mL with water. The pH was adjusted to 0.5-2 with NH3, 10 mL 2% aqueous ammonium pyrrolidine-1-yl-dithioformate was added and the Fe(III) complex formed was extracted into 10 mL CHCl3. This step was repeated until the extracts were colorless. The aqueous phase was heated with 1 mL HNO3, the Se(VI) was reduced to Se(IV) by heating in 6 M HCl at 60&deg;C for 30 min and the solution was diluted to a suitable volume. In the flow system, 0.6% NaBH4 in 0.5% NaOH was pumped at 1 ml/min, 6 M HCl at 1 ml/min and the sample solution at 6 ml/min. After mixing in a reaction coil, the solution was transferred to a gas-liquid separator and the gas phase was transported into the ICP-AES with Ar (90 ml/min) for measurement. The detection limit was 0.15 ng/ml of Se. Recovery of 50 and 300 ng of Se averaged 96 &plusmn; 2.8% and 99 &plusmn; 1.1% respectively. Satisfactory results were obtained on three certified samples.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-07-28 10:15:02',
			'hits' => '1',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-24 16:56:35',
			'urlcheckcode' => '',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Roura, M.',
			'address' => 'Serveis Cientifico-T&eagrave;cnics, Universitat de Barcelona, Lluis Sole i Sabar&iacute;s 1-3, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'NA SJC 102414 Contact Springer',
			'url' => 'NA',
			'urltype' => 'NA',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Removal of iron interference in the determination of selenium in geological samples by continuous-flow hydride generation ICP-AES', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1996 354(1) 126-127',
			'firstchar' => 'R',
			'twochars' => 'Re',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 19 => array(
			'id' => '009153',
			'authors' => 'Jamoussi, B.;Zafzouf, M.;Ben Hassine, B.',
			'authorsweb' => '. Jamoussi, M. Zafzouf and B. Ben Hassine',
			'title' => 'Interferences by transition metals and their elimination by cyanide as a complexing agent in the determination of arsenic using continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES system',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1996V0356P00331',
			'year' => '1996',
			'volume' => '356',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '331',
			'endpage' => '334',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The suppressing effects of ppm amounts of Cu, Pb, Co, Au, Pd, and Ni in the determination of As by hydride-generation (HG) ICP-AES were eliminated by use of cyanide as masking agent. In the determination of As by continuous-flow HG ICP-AES, 0.1 M KCN (2.5 ml/min) was mixed with 2% NaBH4 in 1% NaOH (2.5 ml/min), and the mixture was combined with the sample stream (2.75 ml/min) in a V-shaped reaction vessel, and the resulting AsH3 was swept by Ar, via a water condenser, into the ICP source (operating conditions tabulated) and the intensity of the As emission was recorded at 279.55 nm. Under the cited conditions up to 100 &micro;g/ml of the interfering elements could be tolerated. The limit of detection was 0.82 ng/ml of As, and for 50 ng/ml of As the RSD was 1.3% (n = 10).',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:35:40',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Ben Hassine, B.',
			'address' => 'Facult&eacute; des Sciences de Monastir D&eacute;partment de Chimie, 5000 Monastir, Tunisie',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/s0021663560331',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Interferences by transition metals and their elimination by cyanide as a complexing agent in the determination of arsenic using continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES system', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1996 356(5) 331-334',
			'firstchar' => 'I',
			'twochars' => 'In',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 20 => array(
			'id' => '009183',
			'authors' => 'Feng, Y.L.;Narasaki, H.;Chen, H.Y.;Tian, L.C.',
			'authorsweb' => ' Yong-Lai Feng, H. Narasaki, Hong-Yuan Chen, Li-Ching Tian',
			'title' => 'Semi-automatic determination of tin in marine materials by continuous-flow hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1997V0357P00822',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '357',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '822',
			'endpage' => '826',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2363;',
			'matrices' => ';0404;0714;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0086;0109;0217;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Sample (1.25 g) was equilibrated overnight with 15 mL 68% HNO3 and 2 mL 70% HClO4, then digested by heating with 0.5 mL concentrated H2SO4. The resulting solution was adjusted to pH 3.5 with 4 M NaOH and passed through a DIAION SA 10A anion-exchange resin column (15 cm x 8 mm i.d.; Mitsubishi Kasei Corp., Tokyo, Japan). The eluate was mixed with 3.5 mL 3 M H2SO4 and 2.5 mL 10% L-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate, diluted to 25 mL and then analyzed for Sn by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES at 189.93 nm (operating conditions given). The detection limit was 0.4 ng/mL Sn and the RSD (n = 10) was 0.5%. The effects of varying the H2SO4, NaBH4 (hydride-generating reagent) and NaOH concentrations, Ar (carrier gas) and NaBH4 flow rates and the ratio of flow rates of sample solution and NaBH4 were investigated (results presented). The effects of interferents were also investigated, along with seven methods for masking interference (results tabulated). The method was applied to an environmental (marine) CRM. The result agreed with the certified value and the RSD (n = 6) was 0.95%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '19',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:47:33',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => '?',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/s002160050256',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Semi-automatic determination of tin in marine materials by continuous-flow hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1997 357(7) 822-826',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Se',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 21 => array(
			'id' => '009184',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Baucells, M.;Pelfort, E.;Roura, M.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. Martinez, M. Baucells, E. Pelfort, M. Roura, R. Olsina',
			'title' => 'Selenium determination by hydride-generation ICP-AES: elimination of iron interferences by means of an ion-exchange resin in a continuous-flow system',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1997V0357P00850',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '357',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '850',
			'endpage' => '852',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0428;0380;0520;0322;0217;0127;0385;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'Sample solution prepared from geological materials (details given) was subjected to online SPE on a Dowex 50W-X8 cation-exchange column (5-10 cm x 3 mm i.d.) at 2 ml/min to remove Fe. A portion (500 &micro;L) of the extract was injected into a water stream (6 ml/min), which merged with a stream (1 ml/min) of 6N-HCl and a stream (1 ml/min) of 0.6% NaBH4. The flow passed through a reaction coil (dimensions not given) and into a gas-liquid separator. Volatile hydrides were carried in Ar (90 ml/min) into a plasma torch for ICP-AES determination of Se (operating conditions given). The column eliminated interference from 2.5 mg/ml Fe in the determination of 20 ng/ml Se. The detection limit ws 0.4 ng/ml Se, recoveries were 98-99.5% and the RSD (n = 10) was 2%. Calibration details are not given. The method was applied to geological CRM. The results agreed with the certified values.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-07-28 10:15:57',
			'hits' => '18',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:47:36',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00344',
			'pauthor' => '!Martinez, L.D.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/s002160050261',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Selenium determination by hydride-generation ICP-AES: elimination of iron interferences by means of an ion-exchange resin in a continuous-flow system', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1997 357(7) 850-852',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Se',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 22 => array(
			'id' => '009391',
			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Zhuang, Z.X.;Yang, P.Y.;Huang, B.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Wang X. O., Zhuang Z. X., Yang P. Y. and Huang B. L.',
			'title' => 'Hyphenated techniques combined with atomic spectrometry for environmental studies',
			'journal' => 'Microchem. J.',
			'journal_id' => '0639',
			'fadid' => 'MCHJ1995V0051P00088',
			'year' => '1995',
			'volume' => '51',
			'issue' => '1-2',
			'startpage' => '88',
			'endpage' => '98',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1471;1466;',
			'matrices' => ';0852;0882;0394;0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0038;0256;0455;0461;0465;0481;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0389;0097;0434;0520;0436;0475;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The development and application of hyphenated techniques combined with atomic spectrometries for environmental analysis at Xiamen University, China, are described. The techniques include: flow injection online microcolumns combined with AAS, GFAAS, ICP AFS and ICP-AES for trace and ultratrace analysis of water; flow injection online solvent extraction combined with AAS and ICP-AES; flow injection online hydride generation for the elemental analysis of Chinese herbs and rain by AAS and ICP-AES; flow injection online coprecipitation-dissolution for the determination of trace heavy metals in seawater and rain by GFAAS and ICP-AES; and HPLC combined with ICP-AES for multielement speciation analysis of Chinese tea.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '40',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:22:10',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Xiamen Univ., Dept. Chem., Res. Center Environ. Sci., Xiamen 361005 China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1006/mchj.1995.1012',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Hyphenated techniques combined with atomic spectrometry for environmental studies', Microchem. J., 1995 51(1-2) 88-98',
			'firstchar' => 'H',
			'twochars' => 'Hy',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 23 => array(
			'id' => '009493',
			'authors' => 'Yokoi, K.;Kimura, M.;Itokawa, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Katsuhiko Yokoi, Mieko Kimura and Yoshinori Itokawa',
			'title' => 'Determination of tin in biological samples using gaseous hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Biochem.',
			'journal_id' => '0570',
			'fadid' => 'ANBI1990V0190P00071',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '190',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '71',
			'endpage' => '77',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2363;',
			'matrices' => ';0219;0194;0210;0259;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0118;0322;0109;0520;0520;0231;',
			'abstract' => 'Liver, brain, testis or kidney was homogenized and heated with HNO3 and HClO4 in Kjeldahl flasks until white fumes appeared. Water was added with heating until the solution was clear and colorless. An aliquot of the solution was treated with trichloroacetic acid (I) and diluted with water to 0.2% in I. This solution was mixed, in a continuous-flow hydride-generation system (diagram given), with 1% I solution and then with 0.5% NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH solution and passed through a gas - liquid separator (design presented) and the hydride, in an Ar-stream, was determined by ICP-AES at 189.989 nm. The limit of detection was 30 pg mL-1 of Sn, mean recovery was 87 to 99% and the coefficient of variation was 1.2%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:35:44',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-chou, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0003-2697(90)90135-V',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of tin in biological samples using gaseous hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Anal. Biochem., 1990 190(1) 71-77',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 24 => array(
			'id' => '010562',
			'authors' => 'Nakahara, T.;Nakanishi, K.;Wasa, T.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Taketoshi Nakahara, Kuniyuki Nakanishi and Tamotsu Wasa',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace concentrations of bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with hydride generation',
			'journal' => 'Spectrochim. Acta B',
			'journal_id' => '0650',
			'fadid' => 'SCAB1987V0042P00119',
			'year' => '1987',
			'volume' => '42',
			'issue' => '1-2',
			'startpage' => '119',
			'endpage' => '128',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0433;',
			'matrices' => ';0044;0727;0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;0416;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0380;0440;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The continuous-flow hydride-generation apparatus used was as described previously (Anal. Chim. Acta, 1981, 131, 73; Appl. Spectrosc., 1983, 37, 539). The sample solution in 1 M HCl and 1% NaBH4 solution in 1% NaOH were pumped at 16 and 5.5 mL min-1, respectively, and the BiH3 evolved was carried to the ICP in a stream of Ar for the emission intensity at 223.06 nm to be measured. The instrumental coefficient of variation (n = 10) for 0.5, 2, 20 and 200 ng mL-1 of Bi were 3.5, 2.8, 2.2 and 1.3%, respectively, the limit of detection was 0.35 ng mL-1, and a graph of emission intensity vs. log. Bi concentration. was rectilinear for ~1 ng mL-1 to ~10 &micro;g mL-1. The method of standard additions was used for actual determinations, in the presence of 0.1 M thiourea to minimize interference. Results for various geological reference standards, standard copper and standard aluminum alloys (digestion procedures described) agreed well with reported or certified values.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '22',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:28:56',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00271',
			'pauthor' => '!Nakahara, T.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0584-8547(87)80055-1',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace concentrations of bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with hydride generation', Spectrochim. Acta B, 1987 42(1-2) 119-128',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 25 => array(
			'id' => '010579',
			'authors' => 'Tao, H.;Boyko, V.J.;McLaren, J.W.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Hiroaki Tao*, Victor J. Boyko and James W. Mclaren',
			'title' => 'Improvements in the signal-to-background ratio with hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Spectrochim. Acta B',
			'journal_id' => '0650',
			'fadid' => 'SCAB1993V0048P01339',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '48',
			'issue' => '11',
			'startpage' => '1339',
			'endpage' => '1345',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0253;0409;',
			'abstract' => 'An investigation of the effects of torch position and of diameter of the central tube of the ICP torch on signal-to-background ratio and reflected power in hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry has identified conditions under which a stable plasma can be sustained at only 0.5 kW with a five times better signal-to-background ratio for Se than could be obtained at 1.4 kW. The improved performance is attributed to a more efficient introduction of hydrogen to the central channel of the plasma. [References: 15]',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:55:15',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => '!Mclaren, J.W.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0584-8547(93)80122-B',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Improvements in the signal-to-background ratio with hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Spectrochim. Acta B, 1993 48(11) 1339-1345',
			'firstchar' => 'I',
			'twochars' => 'Im',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 26 => array(
			'id' => '010674',
			'authors' => 'Tao, H.;Miyazaki, A.;Bansho, K.',
			'authorsweb' => 'H. TAO, A. MIYAZAKI and K. BANSHO',
			'title' => 'Hydride-generation system with a hydrogen separation membrane for low-power inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Sci.',
			'journal_id' => '0963',
			'fadid' => 'ANSC1990V0006P00195',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '6',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '195',
			'endpage' => '199',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;1037;0266;2363;',
			'matrices' => 'NA',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0109;0058;0349;0253;',
			'abstract' => 'A hydrogen separation membrane module is described consisting of hollow aromatic polyimide fibers. The module, operated at ~90&deg;C, was connected to a continuous-flow hydride generator (diagram given) for removal of H before analysis of the hydrides by ICP-AES with Ar as carrier gas. Detection limits obtained for As, Ge, Hg, Sb and Sn are tabulated. The coefficient of variation were 1% at 50 ng mL-1 of each element. Calibration graphs were rectilinear from the detection limit to 100 &micro;g mL-1. Online pre-concentration with use of the module could not be carried out with He instead of Ar as carrier gas beause He permeated the membrane reducing its flow rate.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-07-05 22:44:26',
			'hits' => '4',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:36:13',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Bansho, K.',
			'address' => 'National Research Institute for Pollution and Resources, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.2116/analsci.6.195',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Hydride-generation system with a hydrogen separation membrane for low-power inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry', Anal. Sci., 1990 6(2) 195-199',
			'firstchar' => 'H',
			'twochars' => 'Hy',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 27 => array(
			'id' => '010920',
			'authors' => 'Li, Z.;McIntosh, S.A.;Slavin, W.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Zhang Li, Susan McIntosh and Walter Slavin',
			'title' => 'Simultaneous determination of hydride and non-hydride forming elements by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Proc.',
			'journal_id' => '0866',
			'fadid' => 'ANPR1992V0029P00438',
			'year' => '1992',
			'volume' => '29',
			'issue' => '10',
			'startpage' => '438',
			'endpage' => '439',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;2138;0266;0433;0478;0642;0684;1293;1430;1575;1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0962;0961;0965;0350;0058;0372;0559;0395;0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0481;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0380;0158;0285;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'Arsenic, Se, Sb, Bi, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb were determined in the NIST environmental standard reference materials steel, coal fly ash, urban particulated and 1643b water by ICP-AES. A Perkin-Elmer FIAS-2000 flow injection system was used for hydride generation (experimental conditions tabulated). The sample solution was split into two streams, one being pumped directly to the nebulizer, the other mixed with HCl and NaBH4 solution in the mixing tubes of the chemifold. After separation, the hydride was swept into the spray chamber through a slightly modified cross-flow nebulizer cap. The hydride was then carried into the plasma together with sample aerosol. Recoveries of 20 &micro;g L-1 of As, Sb and Se and 50 &micro;g L-1 of non-hydride forming elements in river- and seawater standards were >80%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '34',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:34:12',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '01441',
			'pauthor' => '!Slavin, W.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/AP9922900436',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Simultaneous determination of hydride and non-hydride forming elements by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Anal. Proc., 1992 29(10) 438-439',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Si',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 28 => array(
			'id' => '010986',
			'authors' => 'Sanz Medel, A.;Menendez Garcia, A.;Fernandez, M.L.;Sanchez Uria, J.E.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Tandem online separations: an alternative sample presentation in atomic spectrometry for ultra-trace analysis',
			'journal' => 'Acta Chim. Hung.',
			'journal_id' => '1039',
			'fadid' => 'ACHH1991V0128P00551',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '128',
			'issue' => '4-5',
			'startpage' => '551',
			'endpage' => '558',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0130;0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0058;0167;',
			'techniques' => ';0452;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0153;0349;0475;',
			'abstract' => 'The coupling of continuous-separation - pre-concentration. devices with atomic spectrometers for ultra-trace elementary analysis is discussed. Simple systems are first outlined, including solid - liquid and liquid - liquid online flow injection extraction coupled with AAS or ICP-AES for Al determination in biological fluids, and continuous gas - liquid separation coupled with ICP-AES for As determination in steel and as an introduction device for S2- determination in a microwave plasma. Examples are then given of tandem configurations in which two different continuous separation units are combined in a single online configuration. A tandem online device based on continuous extraction combined with hydride generation and coupled with ICP-AES for direct As, Sb and I- determinations is described, as well as a continuous liquid - liquid extraction device coupled with ICP-AES or AAS for indirect I- determination. Results show that many sensitivity and selectivity limitations of ultra-trace analysis can be overcome by the use of tandem online separation techniques.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2013-10-31 04:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2013-10-31 04:00:00',
			'urlcheckcode' => '',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'NA SJC 103113',
			'url' => 'NA',
			'urltype' => 'NA',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Tandem online separations: an alternative sample presentation in atomic spectrometry for ultra-trace analysis', Acta Chim. Hung., 1991 128(4-5) 551-558',
			'firstchar' => 'T',
			'twochars' => 'Ta',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 29 => array(
			'id' => '011570',
			'authors' => 'Etoh, M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic and selenium in coal and fly ash by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES',
			'journal' => 'Bunseki Kagaku',
			'journal_id' => '0965',
			'fadid' => 'BUNK1987V0036P00T95',
			'year' => '1987',
			'volume' => '36',
			'issue' => '9',
			'startpage' => 'T95',
			'endpage' => 'T99',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0558;0559;',
			'techniques' => ';0416;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;',
			'abstract' => 'Coal was digested with HNO4 and HClO3 and fly ash was digested with HNO3 and H2SO4. The As and Se were separated from co-existing elements (except for Sb, Sn and Ge) by distillation with HBr and Br. Arsenic and Se were determined by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES. Recoveries were 98 to 104%, and coefficient of variation were 2.4 to 3.5 and 2.7 to 4.5%, respectively, for As and Se. Tin, Sb and Ge did not interfere at concentration. present in the samples used.',
			'language' => 'Japanese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:14:38',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Etoh, M.',
			'address' => 'Nippon Engelhard Ltd., Ichikawa Lab., Ichikawa-shi, Chiba 272 Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.2116/bunsekikagaku.36.9_T95',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic and selenium in coal and fly ash by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES', Bunseki Kagaku, 1987 36(9) T95-T99',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 30 => array(
			'id' => '012302',
			'authors' => 'Chen, H.;Jiang, Z.C.;Kong, L.Y.;Zeng, Y.N.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Chen Hao;Jiang Zucheng;Kong Linying;Zen Yun'e',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace amounts of arsenic by flow injection analysis - hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectroscopy',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Ceshi Tongbao',
			'journal_id' => '0878',
			'fadid' => 'FXCT1990V0009P00009',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '9',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '9',
			'endpage' => '14',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0285;0217;0109;0302;',
			'abstract' => 'A double capillary nebulizer was used to generate the hydride of the analyte. Factors affecting line intensity in the flow injection system were investigated. The effects of several inorganic acids, their acidity and inter-element interference effects were examined. Under optimum conditions the detection limit of As was 5.2 mg mL-1; the coefficient of variation was 1.48% for 2 &micro;g mL-1 (n = 10). Recoveries of Al from NaCl and AlCl3.xH2O were >95%.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 17:49:33',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Department of Chemistry, The Center of Test and Measurement, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => 'en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-TEST199001003.htm',
			'urltype' => 'absurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace amounts of arsenic by flow injection analysis - hydride generation - inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectroscopy', Fenxi Ceshi Tongbao, 1990 9(1) 9-14',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 31 => array(
			'id' => '012384',
			'authors' => 'Gao, H.;Li, K.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic, antimony and bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with flow injection analysis and hydride generation',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Huaxue',
			'journal_id' => '1033',
			'fadid' => 'FXHX1991V0019P01285',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '19',
			'issue' => '11',
			'startpage' => '1285',
			'endpage' => '1287',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;',
			'matrices' => ';0536;0552;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0440;',
			'abstract' => 'A 0.175-g ore or rock sample was wetted with a little water and then dissolved in 9 mL of HCl plus 3 mL of HNO3 and 1 mL of H2SO4 (1:1); after evaporation to fumes and cooling, 2.5 mL of HCl, 5 mL of 10% KI - 5% ascorbic acid - 5% thiourea solution and water were added to 25 mL. The solution was then carried at a flow-rate of 11 mL min-1 to react with 1% KBH4 solution (containing 0.2% of NaOH) at 5.5 mL min-1 in the flow injection system (diagram pesented), and the generated hydrides were carried by Ar (0.6 l min-1) for separation by a gas separator before passing to a direct-reading spectrometer for ICP-AES determination of As, Sb and Bi with measurement at 193.76, 217.5 and 306.7 nm, respectively. By the standard-additions method, recoveries were 94 to 107%. Determination ranges for As, Sb and Bi were up to 1000, 300 and 300 &micro;g g-1, respectively, and their corresponding detection limits were 0.2, 0.2 and 0.1 &micro;g g-1. Masking agents could be used to increase tolerance levels of the co-existing ions; background interferences in the gas phase could be corrected for.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 13:36:20',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'Checked SP 06/09/98',
			'url' => '210.14.121.5:8080/fxhx/homeAction!downloadArticleFile.action?attachType=PDF&id=8773',
			'urltype' => 'pdfurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic, antimony and bismuth by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry with flow injection analysis and hydride generation', Fenxi Huaxue, 1991 19(11) 1285-1287',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 32 => array(
			'id' => '012429',
			'authors' => 'Wang, H.N.;Chen, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Determination of trace arsenic in copper alloy by online flow injection - hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Huaxue',
			'journal_id' => '1033',
			'fadid' => 'FXHX1994V0022P00816',
			'year' => '1994',
			'volume' => '22',
			'issue' => '8',
			'startpage' => '816',
			'endpage' => '818',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0048;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0217;0385;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'Sample (1 g) was decomposed with 6 mL HNO3 and the pH was adjusted to 1 and diluted to 100 mL with water. The solution was injected into the analysis system and transferred by a stream of water at 1.6 ml/min to a column (5 cm x 5 mm i.d.) of cation-exchange resin and eluted with 2.2 M HCl at 4.4 ml/min; the eluate was mixed with 2.2 M HCl at 1.6 ml/min treated with 1% NaBH4 at 1 ml/min. The generated hydride was directly determined by ICP with measurement at 228.8 nm. The detection limit was 0.9 &micro;g/g. Interference from up to 10 mg/ml of Cu(II) could be eliminated. Recovery was 102-104%. Sampling frequency was 25 runs/h.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'No',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '0',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-13 14:16:15',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Harbin Univ. Technol., Anal. ^amp Measurement Centre, Harbin 150006, China',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'CHECKED SC 12/23/98;Checked AP 06/08/98',
			'url' => '210.14.121.5:8080/fxhx/homeAction!downloadArticleFile.action?attachType=PDF&id=7635',
			'urltype' => 'pdfurl',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of trace arsenic in copper alloy by online flow injection - hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fenxi Huaxue, 1994 22(8) 816-818',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 33 => array(
			'id' => '012528',
			'authors' => 'Yu, X.;Chen, J.G.;Wang, S.Q.;Liao, Z.H.;Jiang, Z.C.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Yu Xin, Chen Jianguo, Wang Songqing, Liao Zhenhuan, Jiang Zucheng',
			'title' => 'Online determination of trace lead in high-salt food by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Kexue Xuebao',
			'journal_id' => '0880',
			'fadid' => 'FXKX1997V0013P00026',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '13',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '26',
			'endpage' => '29',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0415;1013;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0322;0440;',
			'abstract' => 'Salted vegetable (10 g) was homogenized then digested with 8 mL HNO3/HClO4 and evaporated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in 7.5 mL 0.5 M HCl and diluted with water to 25 mL. A 300 &micro;L portion of the solution was injected into the required setup (diagram illustrated) and flowed with a carrier stream of water at 3 ml/min to react with 15% H2O2 to oxidise lower valent Pb to high valent Pb before reaction with a stream of 4% NaBH4 in 0.8% NaOH at 1.5 ml/min, transferring to the gas-liquid separator, and detection of Pb in the Ar flow by ICP-AES with measurement at 220.35 nm. The calibration graph was linear from 0.005-1 &micro;g/ml Pb, with a detection limit of 1.6 ng/ml. When determining 50 ng/ml Pb, the RSD (n = 7) was 1.2%. By the standard-additions method, recoveries were 96.3-101.4%. The method was used in the analysis of e.g. pickled cabbage.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
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			'citation' => ''Online determination of trace lead in high-salt food by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fenxi Kexue Xuebao, 1997 13(2) 26-29',
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			'authors' => 'Yu, X.;Chen, J.;Wang, S.;Liao, Z.;Jiang, Z.',
			'authorsweb' => 'NA',
			'title' => 'Simultaneous determination of trace arsenic, antimony and bismuth in electrolytic copper sample by flow injection hydride generation coupled with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fenxi Shiyanshi',
			'journal_id' => '0881',
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			'year' => '1998',
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			'abstract' => 'The technique of flow injection hydride generation coupled with ICP-AES and its application on determining trace As, Sb and Bi in electrolytic Cu was studied. An effective method was established, the relative standard deviation for determination of As, Sb, Bi was 2.3, 1.8, 2.8% (n = 11), and the detection limit was 0.3, 0.3, 1.15 &micro;g/g respectively.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
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			'notes' => 'Checked SC 06/24/99',
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			'citation' => ''Simultaneous determination of trace arsenic, antimony and bismuth in electrolytic copper sample by flow injection hydride generation coupled with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Fenxi Shiyanshi, 1998 17(1) 57-59',
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			'title' => 'A critical survey of hydride generation techniques in atomic spectroscopy',
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			'abstract' => 'A review with 134 references. Formation of the hydrides of antimony, arsenic, bismuth, germanium, lead, selenium, tellurium and tin by reaction with sodium tetrahydroborate(III) affords an excellent method for the separation of these elements as gases from a wide range of matrixes. Excellent low limits of detection are attained when this separation method is combined with atomization of the hydride in a heated quartz tube in the optical axis of a conventional atomic absorption spectrometer but there are many interferences to contend with both at the hydride generation stage and in the atomization process. Hydride generation is also used in conjunction with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectrometers. It is particularly useful for the determination of arsenic and selenium which suffer considerable spectral interferences caused by radicals in flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Implications of recent advances in the application of this separation procedure for the determination of hydride forming elements by atomic absorption and also ICP atomic emission spectrog. techniques are discussed.',
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			'title' => 'Determination of trace arsenic and mercury in drink by hydride generation-ICP-AES',
			'journal' => 'Sichuan Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)',
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			'abstract' => 'A method for simultaneous determination of trace concentrations of As and Hg in drink have been investigated by continuous-flow mode hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The influence of operating conditions on the result of analysis is discussed. The proposed method is sensitive, accurate and easy to operate. The relative standard deviation is less than 5% if the concentration is 0.05-0.1 mg/L. The recovery of standard addition is 87-100%.',
			'language' => 'Chinese',
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			'gotpdf' => 'no',
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			'authorsweb' => 'Sigeki Hara, Nanao Hayashi, Sigeo Hirano, Xi-Ning Zhong, Shigejiro Yasuda, and Hisashi Komae',
			'title' => 'Determination of germanium in some plants and animals',
			'journal' => 'Z. Naturforsch. C',
			'journal_id' => '1457',
			'fadid' => 'ZSNC1990V0045P01250',
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			'abstract' => 'The Ge contents of plants and animals were investigated by a wet ashing procedure by hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry with flow injection. The analytical results obtained indicated that Ge contents widely vary in plant and animal kingdoms in the range of 8-302 ppb.',
			'language' => 'German',
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			'title' => 'Differential Determination of Antimony(III) and Antimony(V) by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry with Hydride Generation',
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"Lead Hydride Generation For Isotope Analysis By Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry"
J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 1988 Volume 3, Issue 6 Pages 821-827

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			'name' => 'Spectrophotometry, atomic emission, inductively coupled plasma, hydride generation',
			'nametotal' => 'Spectrophotometry, atomic emission, inductively coupled plasma, hydride generation**39',
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		'id' => '008044',
		'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Viczian, M.;Lasztity, A.;Barnes, R.M.',
		'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoru Wang, Miklos Viczian, Alexandra Lasztity and Ramon M. Barnes',
		'title' => 'Lead hydride generation for isotope analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry',
		'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
		'journal_id' => '0868',
		'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P00821',
		'year' => '1988',
		'volume' => '3',
		'issue' => '6',
		'startpage' => '821',
		'endpage' => '827',
		'type' => 'Journal Article',
		'analytes' => ';1365;1364;2674;2675;',
		'matrices' => ';0962;0522;0732;0372;',
		'techniques' => ';0484;0356;',
		'keywords' => ';0217;0322;0380;0462;0520;0520;',
		'abstract' => 'The hydride generator, which included a Thompson U-shaped glass phase separator or a porous PTFE tube separator, was coupled to a Sciex Elan 250 ICP-MS instrument. Generation and transfer of hydrides were optimized by flow injection ICP-MS; the best signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was obtained with 0.6% HCl, 5% of NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH solution and 1% of H2O2 (used for oxidation of Pb before hydride generation), and the optimum Ar flow rate was 1.46 l min-1. For standard solution containing 10 &micro;g L-1 of Pb, calibration graphs were obtained by the isotope-dilution technique for 204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb and 208Pb; the detection limits for each isotope were between 0.04 and 0.06 &micro;g l-1. The technique was applied in the determination of Pb in NBS SRM 1643 (trace elements in water); recovery was quantitative and the coefficient of variation was 1.2% (n = 3). Ion abundances were also determined in certified galena and Pb samples (prep. described). The PTFE phase separator gave greater SNR and less interference. Interference from Fe(III) and Cu(II) was serious, but could be overcome by addition of sulfosalicylic acid and NaCN to the NaBH4 solution. The hydride-generation technique had significantly greater sensitivity for Pb than that involving nebulization.',
		'language' => 'English',
		'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
		'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
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		'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
		'address' => 'pau',
		'email' => 'pau',
		'notes' => null,
		'url' => '10.1039/ja9880300821',
		'urltype' => 'doi',
		'gotpdf' => 'yes',
		'partial' => 'no',
		'notanalyte' => '',
		'citation' => ''Lead hydride generation for isotope analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(6) 821-827',
		'firstchar' => 'L',
		'twochars' => 'Le',
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	),
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		'id' => '0484',
		'label' => 'Spectrophotometry',
		'level1' => 'Spectrophotometry',
		'level2' => 'atomic emission',
		'level3' => 'inductively coupled plasma',
		'level4' => 'hydride generation',
		'level5' => '',
		'synonyms' => 'HG-ICP-AES,HG-ICP-OES',
		'champ' => '',
		'total' => '39',
		'updated' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
		'name' => 'Spectrophotometry, atomic emission, inductively coupled plasma, hydride generation',
		'nametotal' => 'Spectrophotometry, atomic emission, inductively coupled plasma, hydride generation**39',
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	'Citation' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'id' => '001963',
			'authors' => 'Feng, Y.L.;Narasaki, H.;Chen, H.Y.;Tian, L.C.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Yong-Lai Feng, Hisatake Narasaki, Hong-Yuan Chen and Li-Ching Tian',
			'title' => 'Speciation of antimony(III) and antimony(V) using hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with the rate of pre-reduction of antimony',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1999V0386P00297',
			'year' => '1999',
			'volume' => '386',
			'issue' => '3',
			'startpage' => '297',
			'endpage' => '304',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0288;0289;',
			'matrices' => ';0372;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0436;0520;0076;',
			'abstract' => 'Antimony(III) and antimony(V) were speciated by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (HG-ICP-AES) based on the pre-reduction kinetics of antimony(V) to antimony(III) with L-cysteine. A linear relationship between the reduced amount of antimony(V) with 3 mg mL-1 of L-cysteine and the reaction time was achieved within 10 min. The reduced amount of antimony(V) were determined after 2 and 8 min, respectively, by using HG-ICP-AES in this method. Mutual interferences of antimony(III) and antimony(V) were investigated. Interferences from transition metals were removed by a Chelex 100 resin column. The method was successfully applied to speciate antimony(III) and antimony(V) in spiked water samples. The detection limits of the method for antimony(III) and antimony(V) were 1.2 and 4.5 ng mL-1 respectively.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '2',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 16:30:18',
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			'pauthor_id' => '00474',
			'pauthor' => '!Narasaki, H.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(99)00007-0',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Speciation of antimony(III) and antimony(V) using hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with the rate of pre-reduction of antimony', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1999 386(3) 297-304',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Sp',
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		(int) 1 => array(
			'id' => '002681',
			'authors' => 'Ulrich, N.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Nina Ulrich',
			'title' => 'Determination of antimony species with fluoride as modifier and flow injection hydride generation inductively-coupled plasma emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA2000V0417P00201',
			'year' => '2000',
			'volume' => '417',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '201',
			'endpage' => '209',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0267;0269;2571;',
			'matrices' => ';0500;0367;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0436;0217;0258;',
			'abstract' => 'A new method for the determination of species of antimony(III) [Sb(III)], antimony(v) [Sb(V)] and trimethylstiboxide [TMeSbO] with fluoride as modifier is introduced. A flow injection (FI) system for hydride generation was used in combination with an inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer as detector. The pre-reduction was accomplished with potassium iodide dissolved in hydrochloric acid and the reduction with sodium borohydride. The influence of fluoride on the reduction and pre-reduction step was investigated by adding different amounts of sodium fluoride to the solvent stream. At a concentration of 100 mg/l fluoride and 1.2% potassium iodide, the hydride formation of Sb(V) and Sb(III) was suppressed below the detection limit, while TMeSbO showed no signal depression. The use of 100 mg/l fluoride without potassium iodide led to complete signal suppression for Sb(V) with apparently no influence on the signal intensity of Sb(III) and TMeSbO. The concentration of TMeSbO was measured directly, the concentrations of Sb(III) and Sb(V) were calculated on the basis of the three analyzing steps, giving detection limits and relative standard deviations of 1.1 (2.6%), 1.2 (5.3%) and 1.4 &micro;g/l (8.1%), respectively. The method was applied to orange juice samples.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2002-04-20 14:00:00',
			'hits' => '3',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 16:35:43',
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			'pauthor_id' => '00686',
			'pauthor' => '!Ulrich, N.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)00939-9',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of antimony species with fluoride as modifier and flow injection hydride generation inductively-coupled plasma emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 2000 417(2) 201-209',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			'Keyword' => array(
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		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'id' => '004615',
			'authors' => 'Liversage, R.R.;Van Loon, J.C.;De Andrade, J.C.',
			'authorsweb' => 'R. R. Liversage and J. C. Van Loon, J. C. De Andrade',
			'title' => 'A flow injection/hydride generation system for the determination of arsenic by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1984V0161P00275',
			'year' => '1984',
			'volume' => '161',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '275',
			'endpage' => '283',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0954;0961;0964;0987;0994;0361;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'After optimizing the concentration. of HCl and NaI in the test solution, the concentration. of NaBH4, sample and reductant volume and flow rate, Ar carrier-gas flow rate and r.f. power, As (10 to 1000 ppb) was determined in NBS orchard leaves, coal fly ash and river sediment and NRCC MESS-1 and BCSS-1 standard reference materials with good accuracy and precision by using an ARL 34000 Quantometer. The coefficient of variation (n = 10) at the 100-ppb level of As was 7.2%, and the detection limit was 1.4 ng for a 0.17 mL sample volume The calibration graph was rectilinear for 0.01 to 1 ppm of As. Cobalt, Ni, Ag, Au, Bi, Te and Sn interfered. About 200 injections h-1 were possible.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '7',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:46:11',
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			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Departments of Geology and Chemistry and the Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1 Canada',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85797-9',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''A flow injection/hydride generation system for the determination of arsenic by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1984 161(1) 275-283',
			'firstchar' => 'A',
			'twochars' => 'A ',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'id' => '004924',
			'authors' => 'Tioh, N.H.;Israel, Y.;Barnes, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Ngee-Heng Tioh, Yecheskel Israel and Ramon M. Barnes',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic in glycerol by flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1986V0184P00205',
			'year' => '1986',
			'volume' => '184',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '205',
			'endpage' => '212',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0796;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => '',
			'abstract' => 'A flow injection system is used to mix glycerol solution, containing 0.12 to 3.0 &micro;g g-1 of As, with 1.1% NaBH4 solution (in 0.2 or 0.5 M NaOH) - 6 M HCl (10:49). The generated AsH3 is removed in a vapor - liquid flow cell and determined directly by ICP-AES at 193.7 nm, with Ar as carrier gas (0.39 l min-1). The calibration graph was rectilinear in the range 0.12 to 3.0 &micro;g mL-1 of As with a coefficient of variation of 1.4%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
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			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '2',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 15:50:25',
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			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/S0003-2670(00)86483-1',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic in glycerol by flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1986 184(1) 205-212',
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			'twochars' => 'De',
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		(int) 4 => array(
			'id' => '005937',
			'authors' => 'Valdes Hevia y Temprano, M.C.;Aizpun Fernandez, B.;Fernandez De La Campa, M.R.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. C. Vald&eacute;s-Hevia y Temprano, B. Aizp&uacute;n Fern&aacute;ndez, M. R. Fern&aacute;ndez de la Campa and A. Sanz-Medel*',
			'title' => 'Study of the influence of ordered media on the determination of lead by hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chim. Acta',
			'journal_id' => '0584',
			'fadid' => 'ANCA1993V0283P00175',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '283',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '175',
			'endpage' => '182',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0083;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0261;0217;',
			'abstract' => 'Several micelle- and vesicle-forming substances were examined for use in the continuous-flow generation of plumbane. The best results were obtained with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (I) micelles and didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (II) vesicles. For the analyzes, the test solution (containing 0.1 mM I or 1 mM II), 2% HNO3 and aqueous 6% ammonium thiosulfate were merged in a four-channel union cross and the resulting solution was merged with 10% NaBH4 solution in aqueous 0.1% NaOH before passing to the grid nebulizer of an ICP spectrometer with a 40 MHz source unit. Best results were obtained with the I-containing system; the detection limit was 9 ng/ml and the RSD (n = 50) was 1.4% at 50 ng/ml. Interference studies for a range of elements and anions showed that Se, As, Hg and Sn were less troublesome in the presence of I. The method was applied to the determination of Pb in commercial apple, orange and pineapple juices without pre-treatment.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '1',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 16:10:44',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00301',
			'pauthor' => '!Sanz Medel, A.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1016/0003-2670(93)85220-E',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Study of the influence of ordered media on the determination of lead by hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Anal. Chim. Acta, 1993 283(1) 175-182',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'St',
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		(int) 5 => array(
			'id' => '008039',
			'authors' => 'Nakata, F.;Sunahara, H.;Fujimoto, H.;Yamamoto, M.;Kumamaru, T.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Fumio Nakata, Hiroshi Sunahara, Hiroyoshi Fujimoto, Manabu Yamamoto and Takahiro Kumamaru',
			'title' => 'Determination of germanium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with flow injection',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P00579',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '579',
			'endpage' => '582',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1037;',
			'matrices' => ';0642;0890;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0173;0258;0440;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'The sample (20 to 40 mg) of single-crystal gallium arsenide was dissolved in HNO3 and the solution was diluted with water to 25 mL. A 1 mL aliquot was analyzed by a system (illustrated) consisting of a PTFE flow injection manifold by which the sample is mixed with sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.5), NaBH4 solution and Ar (carrier gas), and a gas - liquid separator, constructed from micro-porous PTFE (cf. Yamamoto et al., Anal. Chem., 1987, 59, 2446), that delivers the generated hydrides directly into the sample introduction tube of the ICP torch (central orifice 0.6 mm i.d.) for determination of Ge at 265.18 nm. The calibration graph was rectilinear for 1 ng mL-1 to 10 &micro;g mL-1 of Ge; the detection limit was 0.4 ng mL-1. By using the method of standard additions, recovery of 4 ng mL-1 of Ge from non-doped, Zn-doped and Si-doped gallium arsenide was satisfactory, but no indigenous Ge was detected. The method was also applied in the analysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (sample prep. described); recoveries were 90 to 120%, and 2.5 to 3.1 ng mL-1 of Ge was detected, which is better than the detection limit (5 ng mL-1) of the official method. The sample throughput was ~150 h-1.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '4',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:04',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Hiroshima Univ., Dept. Environ. Sci., Fac. Eng., Hiroshima 724 Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880300579',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of germanium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry combined with flow injection', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(4) 579-582',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 6 => array(
			'id' => '008044',
			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Viczian, M.;Lasztity, A.;Barnes, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoru Wang, Miklos Viczian, Alexandra Lasztity and Ramon M. Barnes',
			'title' => 'Lead hydride generation for isotope analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P00821',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '821',
			'endpage' => '827',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1365;1364;2674;2675;',
			'matrices' => ';0962;0522;0732;0372;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;0356;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0322;0380;0462;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The hydride generator, which included a Thompson U-shaped glass phase separator or a porous PTFE tube separator, was coupled to a Sciex Elan 250 ICP-MS instrument. Generation and transfer of hydrides were optimized by flow injection ICP-MS; the best signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was obtained with 0.6% HCl, 5% of NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH solution and 1% of H2O2 (used for oxidation of Pb before hydride generation), and the optimum Ar flow rate was 1.46 l min-1. For standard solution containing 10 &micro;g L-1 of Pb, calibration graphs were obtained by the isotope-dilution technique for 204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb and 208Pb; the detection limits for each isotope were between 0.04 and 0.06 &micro;g l-1. The technique was applied in the determination of Pb in NBS SRM 1643 (trace elements in water); recovery was quantitative and the coefficient of variation was 1.2% (n = 3). Ion abundances were also determined in certified galena and Pb samples (prep. described). The PTFE phase separator gave greater SNR and less interference. Interference from Fe(III) and Cu(II) was serious, but could be overcome by addition of sulfosalicylic acid and NaCN to the NaBH4 solution. The hydride-generation technique had significantly greater sensitivity for Pb than that involving nebulization.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '9',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:11',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880300821',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Lead hydride generation for isotope analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(6) 821-827',
			'firstchar' => 'L',
			'twochars' => 'Le',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 7 => array(
			'id' => '008045',
			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Barnes, R.M.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Xiaoru Wang and Ramon M. Barnes',
			'title' => 'Microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane gas-liquid separator for flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P01091',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '8',
			'startpage' => '1091',
			'endpage' => '1095',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0322;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'A gas - liquid phase separator is described that contains a micro-porous PTFE membrane clamped between grooved aluminum plates and is equipped with two inlet and two outlet ports. With flow injection controlled AsH3 generation, flow rates of 0.3 l min-1 for Ar carrier gas and 0.8 mL min-1 for sample were chosen. With use of a pore size of 1 &micro;m and a PTFE membrane supported on non-woven polyester, rectilinear calibration graphs for both peak height and area were obtained in the range 25 to 200 ng mL-1 of As. With 40 &micro;L sample injections, a steady response signal was attained in ~3 s and the absolute detection limit (peak area) was ~1 pg of As. At 100 ng mL-1 of As the precision was 6%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:14',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880301091',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane gas-liquid separator for flow injection hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(8) 1091-1095',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 8 => array(
			'id' => '008046',
			'authors' => 'Barnes, R.M.;Wang, X.R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Ramon M. Barnes and Xiaoru Wang',
			'title' => 'Micro-porous polytetrafluoroethylene-tubing gas - liquid separator for hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1988V0003P01083',
			'year' => '1988',
			'volume' => '3',
			'issue' => '8',
			'startpage' => '1083',
			'endpage' => '1089',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0302;0322;0380;0462;',
			'abstract' => 'For the determination of As by AsH3 generation - ICP-AES, a concentric gas - liquid phase separator based on micro-porous PTFE tubing was tested under both continuous and flow injection generation conditions. Various physical operating parameters, e.g., tubing diameter and porosity and carrier gas flow rate, were optimized, and performance matched that of conventional, dual-phase and packed-bead separators for both continuous and flow injection generation. With continuous generation a rectilinear calibration graph was obtained for the range 15 to 100 ng mL-1 of As. For a reference material certified at 76 &plusmn; 7 ng mL-1 of As, the determined content was 79.6 &plusmn; 4.2 ng mL-1.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '10',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:12',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00027',
			'pauthor' => '!Barnes, R.M.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9880301083',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Micro-porous polytetrafluoroethylene-tubing gas - liquid separator for hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1988 3(8) 1083-1089',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 9 => array(
			'id' => '008057',
			'authors' => 'Menendez Garcia, A.;Sanchez Uria, J.E.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Alberto Men&eacute;ndez Garc&iacute;a, J. Enrique S&aacute;nchez Ur&iacute;a and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic in an organic phase by coupling continuous-flow extraction - hydride generation with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1989V0004P00581',
			'year' => '1989',
			'volume' => '4',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '581',
			'endpage' => '585',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => ';0061;0093;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0153;0322;0217;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Arsenic is extracted (as AsI3) from sample solution into xylene in the presence of KI and HCl, and the extract is mixed with NaBH4 in DMF and acetic acid in a continuous-flow apparatus. The mixture is passed through a gas - liquid separator, and AsH3 is determined by ICP-AES at 228.81 nm. The calibration graph is rectilinear from 0.01 to 100 &micro;g mL-1. The coefficient of variation is 2.0% at 0.1 &micro;g mL-1 (n = 10). There is no interference by equal amounts of Pt, up to 17.5-fold amounts of Cu or up to 50-fold amounts of many metals, Se or Ge. The limit of detection is 0.7 ng mL-1. The method is applied to alloys and biological reference material.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '18',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:23:29',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Univ. Oviedo, Dept. Phys. and Anal. Chem., Fac. Chem., Oviedo Spain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9890400581',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic in an organic phase by coupling continuous-flow extraction - hydride generation with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1989 4(7) 581-585',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 10 => array(
			'id' => '008124',
			'authors' => 'Valdes Hevia y Temprano, M.C.;Fernandez De La Campa, M.R.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. C. Vald&eacute;s-Hevia y Temprano, M. R. Fern&aacute;ndez de la Campa and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Generation of volatile cadmium species with sodium tetrahydroborate from organized media: application to cadmium determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1993V0008P00847',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '847',
			'endpage' => '852',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0478;',
			'matrices' => ';0882;',
			'techniques' => ';0417;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0261;0342;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For the continuous-flow determination of Cd by hydride-generation ICP-AES, generation was with 4% NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH as reagent (0.75 ml/min) in a micellar medium of 0.01 mM didodecyldimethylammonium bromide in 0.4 M HCl (0.75 ml/min) to aid separation. A r.f. plasma with forward power of 900 W and detection at 214.44 nm was used. Calibration graphs were rectilinear for 1 &micro;g/ml of Cd with a detection limit of 1 ng/ml and RSD of 2.1% at 50 ng/ml of Cd. The method was applied to the determination of Cd in tea infusions containing 5.8-22 ng/ml of Cd.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '7',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:50:02',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'NA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9930800847',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Generation of volatile cadmium species with sodium tetrahydroborate from organized media: application to cadmium determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1993 8(6) 847-852',
			'firstchar' => 'G',
			'twochars' => 'Ge',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 11 => array(
			'id' => '008125',
			'authors' => 'Valdes Hevia y Temprano, M.C.;Fernandez De La Campa, M.R.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'M. C. Vald&eacute;s-Hevia y Temprano, M. R. Fern&aacute;ndez de la Campa and Alfredo Sanz-Medel',
			'title' => 'Sensitive method for determination of lead by potassium dichromate-lactic acid hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1993V0008P00821',
			'year' => '1993',
			'volume' => '8',
			'issue' => '6',
			'startpage' => '821',
			'endpage' => '825',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';1359;',
			'matrices' => ';0355;0086;0862;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0380;0302;0440;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For the continuous-flow determination of Pb as PbH4 by hydride-generation ICP-AES, generation with use of 0.3% K2Cr2O7/3% lactic acid and 5% NaBH4 in 0.1% NaOH as reagents was chosen and optimization of the detection limit was studied. With use of a r.f. forward power of 700 W and detection at 220.353 nm, a detection limit of 2 ng/ml of Pb was obtained with an RSD of 1.3% at 50 ng/ml. The cited method was applied to the determination of Pb in soft-drinks, sediment and lichen reference materials. Soft drinks, containing 11-66 ng/ml, were injected directly and Pb was determined with the aid of a standard-additions procedure.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '7',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 08:50:00',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00301',
			'pauthor' => '!Sanz Medel, A.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9930800821',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Sensitive method for determination of lead by potassium dichromate-lactic acid hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1993 8(6) 821-825',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Se',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 12 => array(
			'id' => '008150',
			'authors' => 'Uggerud, H.;Lund, W.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Hilde Uggerud and Walter Lund',
			'title' => 'Use of thiourea in the determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1995V0010P00405',
			'year' => '1995',
			'volume' => '10',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '405',
			'endpage' => '408',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;2138;2284;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A study was made of thiourea as an agent for the pre-reduction and masking of interferences in the multi-element determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Thiourea reduces arsenic and antimony from the pentavalent to the trivalent state, without preventing the determination of tetravalent selenium and tellurium. Thiourea also eliminates the interference from a number of metals in the determination of arsenic, antimony and bismuth, but it is not effective for selenium and tellurium.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '6',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:20:23',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => 'Univ. Oslo, Dept. Chem., 0315 Oslo Norway',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/ja9951000405',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Use of thiourea in the determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1995 10(5) 405-408',
			'firstchar' => 'U',
			'twochars' => 'Us',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 13 => array(
			'id' => '008186',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Saidman, E.;Marchevsky, E.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. MARTINEZ, E. SAIDMAN, E. MARCHEVSKY and R. OLSINA',
			'title' => 'Determination of selenium in geochemical samples by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry following online removal of iron interference by anion exchange',
			'journal' => 'J. Anal. At. Spectrom.',
			'journal_id' => '0868',
			'fadid' => 'JAAS1997V0012P00487',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '12',
			'issue' => '4',
			'startpage' => '487',
			'endpage' => '490',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0428;0380;0520;0322;0217;0127;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A 0.5 g sample was acid-digested by the method of Subramanian (Fresenius' Z. Anal. Chem., 1981, 305, 382), the product was heated with HCl at 90&deg;C for 1 h to reduce Se(VI) to Se(IV), and the resulting solution was diluted to 25 mL. This solution was pumped into the manifold illustrated for retention of the Fe on a microcolumn of Dowex 1-X8, and then passed to an injection valve for injection of a 0.7 mL portion into a carrier stream of water that subsequently merged with streams of 6 M HCl and 0.6% NaBH4 solution. The hydride was then generated in a reaction coil and passed via a gas-liquid separator to the plasma in a stream of Ar. The calibration graph was linear up to 30 ng/ml of Se with a detection limit of 0.3 ng/ml. The RSD (n = 10) was 2% at 20 ng/ml of Se. The results for geochemical standard reference materials agreed well with the certified values.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '22',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:48:26',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Olsina, R.',
			'address' => 'Area de Qu&#305;mica Anal&#305;tica, Facultad de Qu&#305;mica, Bioqu&#305;mica y Farmacia; Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera, 5700-San Luis, Argentina',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1039/a606884g',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of selenium in geochemical samples by flow injection hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry following online removal of iron interference by anion exchange', J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1997 12(4) 487-490',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 14 => array(
			'id' => '008530',
			'authors' => 'Hwang, J.D.;Guenther, G.D.;Diomiguardi, J.P.',
			'authorsweb' => 'J. David Hwang, Gary D. Guenther, and John P. Diomiguardi',
			'title' => 'Hydride-generator system for a 1-kW inductively coupled plasma',
			'journal' => 'Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0499',
			'fadid' => 'ANCH1989V0061P00285',
			'year' => '1989',
			'volume' => '61',
			'issue' => '3',
			'startpage' => '285',
			'endpage' => '288',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;0433;0266;2138;2363;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'A continuous-flow hydride-generation system is described for use with a 1-kW ICP. Acidified sample solution and NaBH4 solution are pumped continuously by a multi-channel peristaltic pump into the hydride generator, wherein the sample solution flows down the outside of the NaBH4 tube and mixes and reacts with the NaBH4 solution as it emerges, thereby overcoming the dilution effects that occur in conventional hydride-generation systems. Also, smaller amounts of gaseous by-products are produced, thereby yielding a more stable plasma. Detection limits were 0.1, 1.4, 0.6, 0.3 and 1 ng mL-1 for As, Bi, Sb, Se and Sn, respectively, which are 30 to 700 times better than obtained with pneumatic nebulization.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '3',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-11 18:35:26',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Hwang, J.D.',
			'address' => 'Occidental Chemical Corporation, Technology Center, 2801 Long Road, Grand Island, New York 14072 USA',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1021/ac00178a021',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Hydride-generator system for a 1-kW inductively coupled plasma', Anal. Chem., 1989 61(3) 285-288',
			'firstchar' => 'H',
			'twochars' => 'Hy',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 15 => array(
			'id' => '008971',
			'authors' => 'Yokoi, K.;Kimura, M.;Itokawa, Y.',
			'authorsweb' => 'Katsuhiko Yokoi, Mieko Kimura and Yoshinori Itokawa',
			'title' => 'Miniature hydride-generator system for inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1990V0336P00423',
			'year' => '1990',
			'volume' => '336',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '423',
			'endpage' => '424',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2363;1037;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0520;0322;0109;0285;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'In the cited continuous-flow hydride-generator system (described and illustrated), sample solution is mixed with trichloroacetic acid solution and NaBH4 solution in NaOH and passed through a gas - liquid separator (diagram given). The generated hydrides were passed into the ICP by Ar carrier gas (1 l min-1). A Shimadzu ICPS-1000 II sequential plasma spectrometer was used to determine Sn and Ge at 189.989 and 209.423 nm, respectively. The detection limits were 30 and 150 pg mL-1 for Sn and Ge, respectively; ~100-fold better than those of conventional pneumatic nebulizer ICP-AES.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '2',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 00:38:20',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Yokoi, K.',
			'address' => 'Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-chou, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, 606 Kyoto, Japan',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00321893',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Miniature hydride-generator system for inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1990 336(5) 423-424',
			'firstchar' => 'M',
			'twochars' => 'Mi',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 16 => array(
			'id' => '008990',
			'authors' => 'Schramel, P.;Xu, L.Q.',
			'authorsweb' => 'P. Schramel and Li-Qiang Xu',
			'title' => 'Determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tin in biological and environmental samples by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES without gas-liquid separator',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1991V0340P00041',
			'year' => '1991',
			'volume' => '340',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '41',
			'endpage' => '47',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0266;0287;0433;2138;2363;',
			'matrices' => ';0093;0404;',
			'techniques' => ';0416;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0285;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Arsenic, Sb, Bi, Se and Sn were simultaneously determined in samples by ICP-AES with use of the cited hydride-generation system (diagram given) at 1.5 kW. Samples were digested (i) under pressure with 70% HNO3 in a closed vessel at 170&deg;C for 10 h and (ii) with HNO3 - ClHO4 - H2SO4 (details given). Sample solution in 30% HCl - 20% HNO3 were mixed with a reductant solution consisting of 3% NaBH4 and 2% KI prior to nebulization in the ICP spectrometer and determination by AES. Interferences caused by Cu and Ni ions were eliminated with use of the reductant. In general results were in good agreement with certified values; detection limits were at the ng level.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '11',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 02:18:18',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '01281',
			'pauthor' => '!Schramel, P.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00324390',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Determination of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tin in biological and environmental samples by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES without gas-liquid separator', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1991 340(1) 41-47',
			'firstchar' => 'D',
			'twochars' => 'De',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 17 => array(
			'id' => '009109',
			'authors' => 'Menendez Garcia, A.;Perez Rodriguez, M.C.;Sanchez Uria, J.E.;Sanz Medel, A.',
			'authorsweb' => 'A. Men&eacute;ndez Garc&iacute;a, M. C. P&eacute;rez Rodr&iacute;guez, J. E. S&aacute;nchez Uria and A. Sanz-Medel ',
			'title' => 'Antimony(III) and antimony(V) separation and analytical speciation by a continuous tandem online separation device in connection with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1995V0353P00128',
			'year' => '1995',
			'volume' => '353',
			'issue' => '2',
			'startpage' => '128',
			'endpage' => '132',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0267;0269;',
			'matrices' => ';0397;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0436;0217;0520;0260;0322;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'For Sb(III) determination a stream of sample (0.75 ml/min) mixed with 0.2 M ammonium citrate/NaOH buffer solution of pH 6 was merged with a stream (0.7 ml/min) of 0.1% pyrrolidine-1-dithiocarboxylic acid ammonium salt and the resulting stream (1.45 ml/min) then merged with IBMK (0.5 ml/min) at a solvent segmenter. Extraction took place in an extraction coil (270 cm x 0.7 mm i.d.) and the consecutive organic and aqueous segments were separated at a membrane phase separator. The aqueous phase as collected for Sb(V) determinations and the organic phase was mixed with glacial acetic acid (1 ml/min) and 2% sodium tetrahydroborate in DMF (0.5 ml/min) for stibine generation. The stibine formed was transferred to the ICP torch by Ar (0.3 l/min) and Sb was monitored at 217.58 nm. For Sb(V) determination the aqueous phase collected above was acidified with HCl to give a final concentration of 3 M HCl and mixed with 2% KI. The resulting solution was used for hydride generation ICP-AES with 1% NaBH4. The calibration graph was linear up to 100 &micro;g/ml with detection limits of 3 ng/ml of Sb(III) and 8 ng/ml of Sb(V). RSD (n = 10) were 4% for 100 ng/ml Sb(III) and 5% for 100 ng/ml Sb(V). Interferences by ions found in sea and estuarine water was tabulated and discussed. The method was applied to Sb determination in seawater.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '8',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:19:55',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => '00301',
			'pauthor' => '!Sanz Medel, A.',
			'address' => 'pau',
			'email' => 'pau',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/BF00322945',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Antimony(III) and antimony(V) separation and analytical speciation by a continuous tandem online separation device in connection with inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1995 353(2) 128-132',
			'firstchar' => 'A',
			'twochars' => 'An',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 18 => array(
			'id' => '009114',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Baucells, M.;Pelfort, E.;Roura, M.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. Martinez, M. Baucells, E. Pelfort, M. Roura, R. Olsina',
			'title' => 'Removal of iron interference in the determination of selenium in geological samples by continuous-flow hydride generation ICP-AES',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1996V0354P00126',
			'year' => '1996',
			'volume' => '354',
			'issue' => '1',
			'startpage' => '126',
			'endpage' => '127',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0380;0217;',
			'abstract' => 'Samples (0.5 g) were digested with 6 mL HCl and 2 mL HNO3, the mixture was cooled, 5 mL HClO4 and 10 mL HF were added and the mixture was left overnight. The solution was evaporated until fumes of HClO4 ceased. This step was repeated until complete solution was obtained, the liquid was treated with 4 mL water and 2 mL HNO3 and diluted to 20 mL with water. The pH was adjusted to 0.5-2 with NH3, 10 mL 2% aqueous ammonium pyrrolidine-1-yl-dithioformate was added and the Fe(III) complex formed was extracted into 10 mL CHCl3. This step was repeated until the extracts were colorless. The aqueous phase was heated with 1 mL HNO3, the Se(VI) was reduced to Se(IV) by heating in 6 M HCl at 60&deg;C for 30 min and the solution was diluted to a suitable volume. In the flow system, 0.6% NaBH4 in 0.5% NaOH was pumped at 1 ml/min, 6 M HCl at 1 ml/min and the sample solution at 6 ml/min. After mixing in a reaction coil, the solution was transferred to a gas-liquid separator and the gas phase was transported into the ICP-AES with Ar (90 ml/min) for measurement. The detection limit was 0.15 ng/ml of Se. Recovery of 50 and 300 ng of Se averaged 96 &plusmn; 2.8% and 99 &plusmn; 1.1% respectively. Satisfactory results were obtained on three certified samples.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:11:09',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '2006-07-28 10:15:02',
			'hits' => '1',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-24 16:56:35',
			'urlcheckcode' => '',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Roura, M.',
			'address' => 'Serveis Cientifico-T&eagrave;cnics, Universitat de Barcelona, Lluis Sole i Sabar&iacute;s 1-3, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => 'NA SJC 102414 Contact Springer',
			'url' => 'NA',
			'urltype' => 'NA',
			'gotpdf' => 'no',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Removal of iron interference in the determination of selenium in geological samples by continuous-flow hydride generation ICP-AES', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1996 354(1) 126-127',
			'firstchar' => 'R',
			'twochars' => 'Re',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 19 => array(
			'id' => '009153',
			'authors' => 'Jamoussi, B.;Zafzouf, M.;Ben Hassine, B.',
			'authorsweb' => '. Jamoussi, M. Zafzouf and B. Ben Hassine',
			'title' => 'Interferences by transition metals and their elimination by cyanide as a complexing agent in the determination of arsenic using continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES system',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1996V0356P00331',
			'year' => '1996',
			'volume' => '356',
			'issue' => '5',
			'startpage' => '331',
			'endpage' => '334',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';0287;',
			'matrices' => '',
			'techniques' => ';0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0217;0520;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'The suppressing effects of ppm amounts of Cu, Pb, Co, Au, Pd, and Ni in the determination of As by hydride-generation (HG) ICP-AES were eliminated by use of cyanide as masking agent. In the determination of As by continuous-flow HG ICP-AES, 0.1 M KCN (2.5 ml/min) was mixed with 2% NaBH4 in 1% NaOH (2.5 ml/min), and the mixture was combined with the sample stream (2.75 ml/min) in a V-shaped reaction vessel, and the resulting AsH3 was swept by Ar, via a water condenser, into the ICP source (operating conditions tabulated) and the intensity of the As emission was recorded at 279.55 nm. Under the cited conditions up to 100 &micro;g/ml of the interfering elements could be tolerated. The limit of detection was 0.82 ng/ml of As, and for 50 ng/ml of As the RSD was 1.3% (n = 10).',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '5',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:35:40',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'Ben Hassine, B.',
			'address' => 'Facult&eacute; des Sciences de Monastir D&eacute;partment de Chimie, 5000 Monastir, Tunisie',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/s0021663560331',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Interferences by transition metals and their elimination by cyanide as a complexing agent in the determination of arsenic using continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES system', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1996 356(5) 331-334',
			'firstchar' => 'I',
			'twochars' => 'In',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array([maximum depth reached]),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 20 => array(
			'id' => '009183',
			'authors' => 'Feng, Y.L.;Narasaki, H.;Chen, H.Y.;Tian, L.C.',
			'authorsweb' => ' Yong-Lai Feng, H. Narasaki, Hong-Yuan Chen, Li-Ching Tian',
			'title' => 'Semi-automatic determination of tin in marine materials by continuous-flow hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1997V0357P00822',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '357',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '822',
			'endpage' => '826',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2363;',
			'matrices' => ';0404;0714;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;',
			'keywords' => ';0086;0109;0217;0380;',
			'abstract' => 'Sample (1.25 g) was equilibrated overnight with 15 mL 68% HNO3 and 2 mL 70% HClO4, then digested by heating with 0.5 mL concentrated H2SO4. The resulting solution was adjusted to pH 3.5 with 4 M NaOH and passed through a DIAION SA 10A anion-exchange resin column (15 cm x 8 mm i.d.; Mitsubishi Kasei Corp., Tokyo, Japan). The eluate was mixed with 3.5 mL 3 M H2SO4 and 2.5 mL 10% L-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate, diluted to 25 mL and then analyzed for Sn by continuous-flow hydride-generation ICP-AES at 189.93 nm (operating conditions given). The detection limit was 0.4 ng/mL Sn and the RSD (n = 10) was 0.5%. The effects of varying the H2SO4, NaBH4 (hydride-generating reagent) and NaOH concentrations, Ar (carrier gas) and NaBH4 flow rates and the ratio of flow rates of sample solution and NaBH4 were investigated (results presented). The effects of interferents were also investigated, along with seven methods for masking interference (results tabulated). The method was applied to an environmental (marine) CRM. The result agreed with the certified value and the RSD (n = 6) was 0.95%.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
			'sjccheck' => 'Yes',
			'sjccheckdate' => '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
			'hits' => '19',
			'urlcheck' => '2014-10-12 09:47:33',
			'urlcheckcode' => 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found',
			'pauthor_id' => null,
			'pauthor' => 'NA',
			'address' => '?',
			'email' => 'NA',
			'notes' => null,
			'url' => '10.1007/s002160050256',
			'urltype' => 'doi',
			'gotpdf' => 'yes',
			'partial' => 'no',
			'notanalyte' => '',
			'citation' => ''Semi-automatic determination of tin in marine materials by continuous-flow hydride-generation inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1997 357(7) 822-826',
			'firstchar' => 'S',
			'twochars' => 'Se',
			'CitationsTechnique' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Analyte' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Matrix' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Keyword' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 21 => array(
			'id' => '009184',
			'authors' => 'Martinez, L.D.;Baucells, M.;Pelfort, E.;Roura, M.;Olsina, R.',
			'authorsweb' => 'L. D. Martinez, M. Baucells, E. Pelfort, M. Roura, R. Olsina',
			'title' => 'Selenium determination by hydride-generation ICP-AES: elimination of iron interferences by means of an ion-exchange resin in a continuous-flow system',
			'journal' => 'Fresenius J. Anal. Chem.',
			'journal_id' => '0944',
			'fadid' => 'FJAC1997V0357P00850',
			'year' => '1997',
			'volume' => '357',
			'issue' => '7',
			'startpage' => '850',
			'endpage' => '852',
			'type' => 'Journal Article',
			'analytes' => ';2138;',
			'matrices' => ';0569;',
			'techniques' => ';0272;0416;0484;0417;',
			'keywords' => ';0428;0380;0520;0322;0217;0127;0385;0520;',
			'abstract' => 'Sample solution prepared from geological materials (details given) was subjected to online SPE on a Dowex 50W-X8 cation-exchange column (5-10 cm x 3 mm i.d.) at 2 ml/min to remove Fe. A portion (500 &micro;L) of the extract was injected into a water stream (6 ml/min), which merged with a stream (1 ml/min) of 6N-HCl and a stream (1 ml/min) of 0.6% NaBH4. The flow passed through a reaction coil (dimensions not given) and into a gas-liquid separator. Volatile hydrides were carried in Ar (90 ml/min) into a plasma torch for ICP-AES determination of Se (operating conditions given). The column eliminated interference from 2.5 mg/ml Fe in the determination of 20 ng/ml Se. The detection limit ws 0.4 ng/ml Se, recoveries were 98-99.5% and the RSD (n = 10) was 2%. Calibration details are not given. The method was applied to geological CRM. The results agreed with the certified values.',
			'language' => 'English',
			'updated' => '2020-12-28 11:25:15',
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			'pauthor' => '!Martinez, L.D.',
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			'url' => '10.1007/s002160050261',
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			'citation' => ''Selenium determination by hydride-generation ICP-AES: elimination of iron interferences by means of an ion-exchange resin in a continuous-flow system', Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 1997 357(7) 850-852',
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			'authors' => 'Wang, X.R.;Zhuang, Z.X.;Yang, P.Y.;Huang, B.',
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