University of North Florida
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Stuart Chalk, Ph.D.
Department of Chemistry
University of North Florida
Phone: 1-904-620-1938
Fax: 1-904-620-3535
Email: schalk@unf.edu
Website: @unf

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Electrode

Classification: Electrode -> carbon -> felt

Citations 7

"Flow Cell With Flexible Deposition Efficiency For A Dual-detection System Based On Potentiometric Stripping Analysis And Atomic Absorption Spectrometry"
Anal. Chim. Acta 1987 Volume 196, Issue 1 Pages 153-161

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G. Schulze, M. Koschany and O. Elscholz

Abstract: The cited flow cell is described in detail. The flow pattern, measurement of dispersion and deposition efficiency are discussed. Two types of dual detection are possible. If the sample concentration. is lower than the detection limit of flame AAS, a porous carbon felt electrode is inserted into the cell to collect the analyte ions for both potentiometric stripping analysis and pre-concentration. for AAS. If the concentration. of the sample is suitable for flame AAS, a vitreous-carbon electrode is used and two independent signals are obtained. The deposition efficiency can be altered from 1 or 2% (vitreous carbon) to 24% (carbon felt). In the determination of Pb in drinking water, pre-concentration. on carbon felt increased the sensitivity for flame AAS by one order of magnitude. This enabled determination of Pb in the µg L-1 range by flame AAS. A 1.5 mL injection required an electrolysis time of 60 s.
Lead Water Dispersion Flowcell Multidetection

"Rapid Coulometry With A Porous Carbon Felt Electrode Using Iodide Or Ferrocyanide Ion Mediators"
Electroanalysis 1989 Volume 1, Issue 4 Pages 323-326

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Shunichi Uchiyama*, Shuichi Suzuki, Osamu Hamamoto

Abstract: The oxidizing agents of iodide and ferrocyanide ions, such as 1,4-benzoquinone and the iodate ion have been determined by rapid (9-25 seconds) coulometry. The electrolytic solution is confined to the pores of the carbon felt electrode and the sample is added to the carbon felt surface, which is maintained at a fixed potential. Current efficiencies approached 100% for sample concentrations ranging from 1 x 10^-5 to 1 x 10^-1 M with relative standard deviation of 0.6-2.2%. The determination of residual chlorine in drinking water has been carried out using the same coulometric cell, and the results obtained by the present method are in good agreement with those obtained by the orthotolidine method.

"Online Elimination Of Electroactive Interferents For Flow-type Electrochemical Biosensor System"
Chem. Lett. 1991 Volume 20, Issue 5 Pages 849-852

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Yusuke Okawa, Hiroyuki Kobayashi and Takashi Ohno

Abstract: A flow-through electrolytic cell containing a C felt working electrode separated from a Pt wire counter electrode by a Nafion membrane was combined with a glucose oxidase monolayer electrode in a flow injection analysis system (diagram given). The system was evaluated for the elimination of L-ascorbic acid (I) interferent in the determination of D-glucose. The elimination efficiency for I, as well as the biosensor response, were considerably increased by the addition of 0.1 M K3Fe(CN)6 to the carrier stream of 0.067 M-phosphate buffer (pH 6.4). Down to 1 mM glucose could be detected. The system was applied in the determination of glucose content in soft drinks; results agreed well with those of an enzyme-based colorimetric method.
Glucose Soft drink Buffer Interferences Nafion membrane

"Mass-transfer Study Of The Carbon Felt Electrode"
Electrochim. Acta 1991 Volume 36, Issue 2 Pages 339-343

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N. Vatistas, P. F. Marconi and M. Bartolozzi

Abstract: Mass-transfer coefficients have been obtained for a flow-through carbon felt electrode using the limiting-current technique and assuming plug-flow conditions for the range: 25

"Study On A Coulometric Detector Based On A Porous Carbon Felt As A Working Electrode For Flow Injection Analysis And Its Application"
Fenxi Huaxue 1995 Volume 23, Issue 3 Pages 292-296

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Chen, G.N.

Abstract: Construction of the cited detector and its incorporation into a flow injection analyzer. is described. Ascorbic acid, hydroquinone, gallic acid and SO2 were used as model analytes; the detection limits were 20, 10 and 30 nM, and 8 µM, respectively. Other properties were also investigated (e.g., linear range, selectivity). The detector was used to replace the 'clean-up' cell in the dual-detector flow injection analysis system for the determination of SO2 in wine; optimum conditions were 1 mM H2SO4 as carrier (0.4 ml/min) and a detector working potential at 0.41 V vs. an ion-couple electrode. The results were compared with those obtained by the aspiration-oxidation method.
Ascorbic acid Gallic acid Hydroquinone Sulfur dioxide Wine Method comparison

"Coulo-amperometric Cell With Spherical Felt Electrode For Flow Injection Analysis"
J. Flow Injection Anal. 1991 Volume 8, Issue 1 Pages 32-41

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Shunichi Uchiyama* and Osamu Morohoshi

Abstract: A coulo-amperometric cell, comprising a working carbon felt electrode, a Pt net for electrical content, an ion-exchange membrane, a Pt lead and a counter carbon felt electrode, is described. The cell was used in the determination of 0.5 to 1 mM Fe(CN)63- and -Fe(CN)64-, and 0.1 to 1 mM ephedrine.

"Flow Injection Methods Using Porous Electrode Materials"
J. Flow Injection Anal. 1998 Volume 15, Issue 2 Pages 190-196

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Uchiyama, S.

Abstract: A review with 45 references. The porous materials, such as carbon felt or graphite carbon, are excellent electrode materials which can also be used as enzyme reactors. The useful feature of porous materials is that carrier or sample solution can flow through the electrode which makes the electrode efficiency extremely high. A number of porous materials have been utilized as electrode for detectors in flow injection systems. This report summarizes the recent development of flow-through electrode reactor in flow injection methods.
Review