University of North Florida
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Stuart Chalk, Ph.D.
Department of Chemistry
University of North Florida
Phone: 1-904-620-1938
Fax: 1-904-620-3535
Email: schalk@unf.edu
Website: @unf

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Won-Yong Lee

Abbrev:
Lee, W.Y.
Other Names:
Address:
Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
Phone:
+82-2-2123-2649
Fax:
+82-2-364-7050

Citations 5

"Polyamidoamine Dendrimers Functionalized With Electrochemiluminescent Polypyridyl Ru(II) Complexes"
Synth. Met. 2005 Volume 150, Issue 1 Pages 93-100
Do Nam Lee, Jung Kee Kim, Hee Sang Park, Young Moo Jun, Ra Young Hwang, Won-Yong Lee and Byeong Hyo Kim

Abstract: Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers that is surface-modified with electrochemiluminescent (ECL) polypyridyl Ru(II) complexes, Dend-4-[Ru(L) 2(L?)] (L = bpy, o-phen; L? = bpy-CO-, mbpy-(CH 2)3CO-), were synthesized through complexation of dendritic polypyridyl ligands to Ru(II) complexes to study the effect of both ligand and dendritic network on the ECL. Their electrochemical redox potentials, photoluminescence (PL) and relative ECL intensities were also studied. The ECL emissions produced by the reaction between electro-oxidized Ru3+ species of PAMAM dendrimers and tripropylamine as a coreactant were measured in a static system with potential cycles between 0.8 and 1.3 V or a flow injection analysis with a potential of +1.3 V and compared with that of [Ru(bpy) 3](PF6)2. Dend-4-[Ru(bpy)2(mbpy- (CH2)3CO-)](PF6)8 showed two-fold intense ECL intensity, greater than that shown by [Ru(bpy)3](PF 6)2 complex. It is observed that both ligand and length of spacer connected to dendrimer affected the ECL intensity. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

"Tris (2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(ii) Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence In Analytical Science"
Microchim. Acta 1997 Volume 127, Issue 1-2 Pages 19-39
Won-Yong Lee

Abstract: Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) electrogenerated chemiluminescence (CL) has rapidly gained importance as a sensitive and selective detection method in analytical science. The Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) ECL is observed when Ru(bpy)(3)(3+) reacts with Ru(bpy)(3)(+) and yields an excited state Ru(bpy)(3)(2+). ECL emission can also be obtained when a variety of oxidants and reductants react with the reduced or oxidized forms of Ru(bpy)(3)(2+). Either the reductant or the oxidant can be treated as an analyte. The Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) ECL is used as a detection method for the determination of oxalate and a variety of amine-containing analytes without derivatization in flowing streams such as flow injection and HPLC. When the ECL format is used as a detector for HPLC, unstable post-column reagent addition can often be eliminated and, the problems of bath sample dilution and band broadening can be avoided because the Ru(bpy)(3)(3+) species are generated in situ in the reaction/observation flow cell. Since NADH is sensitively detected with the Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) ECL, many clinically important analytes can be detected by coupling them to dehydrogenase enzymes that utilize β-nicotinamide adenine cofactors to convert NAD(+) to NADH. Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)-derivatives are used as CL labels for immunoassay and PCR assay with Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)/tripropylamine ECL system. The Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) ECL label can be sensitively determined at subpicomolar concentrations, along with an extremely wide dynamic range of greater than six orders of magnitude. Furthermore, it can eliminate disposal and lifetime problems inherent in radio immunoassays. In this paper, basic principles of the Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) ECL are discussed. In addition, analytical applications of the Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) ECL are illustrated with examples. 90 References
Oxalate Chemiluminescence HPLC Electrode Post-column derivatization Review

"Synthesis Of Novel Electrochemiluminescent Polyamine Dendrimers Functionalized With Polypyridyl Ru(II) Complexes And Their Electrochemical Properties"
Bull. Korean Chem. Soc. 2006 Volume 27, Issue 1 Pages 99-105
Do Nam Lee, Hee Sang Park, Eun Hwa Kim, Young Moo Jun, Ja-Young Lee, Won-Yong Lee*, Byeong Hyo Kim

Abstract: Polyamine dendrimers functionalized with electrochemiluminescent (ECL) polypyridyl Ru(II) complexes, dend-[CO-(CH2)3- mbpy?Ru(L)2]3(PF6)6 (dend: N(CH2CH2NH)3-, L: bpy, o-phen, phen-Cl, DTDP), were synthesized through the complexation of dendritic polypyridyl ligands to Ru(II) complexes. Their electrochemical redox potentials, photoluminescence (PL), and relative ECL intensities were studied. The ECL emissions produced by the reaction between the electro-oxidized Ru3+ species of polyamine dendrimers and tripropylamine as a coreactant were measured in a static system with potential cycles between 0.8 and 1.3 V or through flow injection analysis with a potential of +1.3 V, and were compared to that of [Ru(o-phen) 3](PF6)2. Dend-[CO-(CH2) 3-mbpy?Ru(bpy)2]3(PF6) 6 showed an ECL intensity that was two-fold greater than that of the reference complex [Ru(o-phen)3](PF6)2.

"Determination Of β-blockers In Pharmaceutical Preparations And Human Urine By High-performance Liquid Chromatography With Tris(2,2 -bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Detection"
Anal. Chim. Acta 2002 Volume 471, Issue 1 Pages 51-59
Yu-Jin Park, Dai Woon Lee and Won-Yong Lee

Abstract: A highly selective and sensitive detection method based on tris(2,2-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) [Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)] electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) has been developed for the quantitative determination of β-blockers in both pharmaceutical preparations and human urine samples. The ECL emission is based on the reaction between electro-oxidized Ru(bpy)(3)(3+) and the secondary amino groups on the β-blockers. The ECL intensities for the β-blockers were strongly dependent on the pH at which the ECL detections were conducted, with the maximum intensities being obtained at pH 9.0. Under the optimal condition, the detection limit for atenolol and metoprolol were almost 0.5 muM (50 pmol) and 0.08 muM (8 pmol), respectively, with S/N of 3 and a linear working range that extends four orders of magnitude with relative standard deviations below 5% for 10 replicate injected samples. The concentrations of atenolol and metoprolol were determined in pharmaceutical preparations using flow injection analysis with Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) ECL detection based on standard addition method. The determined values by the present method showed acceptable agreement with the stated values by manufacturers. The determination of the five β-blockers in human urine samples was performed using HPLC-Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) ECL detection. The resulting chromatogram was much simpler than that obtained with HPLC-UV absorbance detection. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

"Effect Of Organic Solvent On Tris(2,2_-bipyridyl)ruthenium(III) Chemiluminescent Reactions In Flowing Streams"
Anal. Chim. Acta 1996 Volume 334, Issue 1-2 Pages 183-191
Won-Yong Lee* and Timothy A. Nieman

Abstract: The effect of organic solvent on Ru(bpy)33+ chemiluminescent (CL) reactions is investigated in a flow injection system with oxalate and proline as model analytes. The organic solvents chosen for this study are acetonitrile, methanol, 2-propanol and acetone. It is found that all the four organic solvents tested can be used as organic modifiers in HPLC systems, which employ Ru(bpy)33+ chemiluminescence detection. Increasing the concentrations of acetonitrile, methanol and acetone in the phosphate carrier streams from 0 to 30% (v/v) results in increased CL intensities without significant increases in the background signals. In contrast, use of 2-propanol in the carrier streams from 0 to 30% (v/v) results in lower CL intensities, along with dramatic increase in the background signals. Stopped-flow experiments are performed to compare the quantum efficiency of Ru(bpy)33+ CL in 100% aqueous phosphate buffer and in 30% acetonitrile modified buffer. Increased quantum efficiency of Ru(bpy)33+ CL is observed in the acetonitrile modified buffer than that in the 100% aqueous phosphate buffer. Further studies by absorbance and fluorescence experiments reveal that the increased CL intensity in the acetonitrile modified buffer is attributed primarily to the increased excitation quantum efficiency of the Ru(bpy)33+ CL.
Chemiluminescence Organic solvent