University of North Florida
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Stuart Chalk, Ph.D.
Department of Chemistry
University of North Florida
Phone: 1-904-620-1938
Fax: 1-904-620-3535
Email: schalk@unf.edu
Website: @unf

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Continuously stirred tank reactor

Classification: Manifold component -> Continuously stirred tank reactor

Citations 5

"Immobilized Enzyme Kinetics Analysed By Flow-through Micro-fluorimetry. Resorufin β-D-galactopyranoside As A New Fluorogenic Substrate For β-D-galactosidase"
Anal. Chim. Acta 1984 Volume 163, Issue 1 Pages 67-72
J. Hofmann and M. Sernetz

Abstract: A new method for simultaneous integral and dispersive assay of gel-immobilized enzyme activities in continuously stirred tank reactors is described. It combines a conventional, continuous-flow fluorimetric technique for measurement of total turnover rates of the reactor with micro-fluorimetric assay of the activity of individual gel particles. The high sensitivity necessary for single particles is achieved by using the cited substrate, which has the advantage of a one-step hydrolysis following Michaelis - Menten kinetics in addition to its red fluorescence emission. Results are presented for β-D-galactosidase immobilized on Sepharose 4B. By use of sieved gel fractions, effectiveness factors and Damkoehler numbers determined in individual beads can be correlated with integral turnover rates of the reactor.
Enzyme, galactosidase Fluorescence

"Self-indicating Flow Visible Spectrophotometric Titrations In A Variable-volume Tank Reactor"
Analyst 1991 Volume 116, Issue 6 Pages 631-640
Francis E. Powell and Arnold G. Fogg

Abstract: The rectilinear concentration. gradients produced in an emptying tank stirred reactor were used to titrate analytes within the tank, with spectrophotometric detection of the exit stream. Self-indicating titrations, in which changes in the absorbance of the analyte, titrant or product were monitored, agreed with theoretical predictions. Dispersion and transportation lag effects were observed, due to the external detection system. The precision was affected by the precision of the flow-rates used; relative errors were 1 to 2% with use of peristaltic pumps. The system was studied for titrations of iron(III) salicylate with EDTA, Fe(II) with MnO4-, Fe(III) with SCN- and 2,4-dinitrophenol with OH-. The system may be automated.
Spectrophotometry

"Phase-separation Technique For Liquid Dispersions"
Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundam. 1984 Volume 23, Issue 1 Pages 120-123
Pradeep M. Bapat and Lawrence L. Tavlarides

Abstract: A technique was developed to obtain the constituent liquids of a two-phase dispersion from a continuous-flow stirred tank extractor. The phase separation required for solute mass transfer estimation is achieved by in situ filtration of the stirred dispersion. The in situ filtration through an extremely thin membrane renders the separation almost instantaneous and eliminates the possibility of additional mass transfer during the separation. The technique is well suited for continuous online monitoring of solute concentration.
Sample preparation

"Sustained And Damped Oscillations In The Permanganate Hydroxylamine Reaction In A Continuous-flow Stirred Tank Reactor"
J. Phys. Chem. 1991 Volume 95, Issue 15 Pages 5809-5810
Arpad Nagy, Anna Olexova, and Ludovit Treindl

Abstract: The reaction system MnO4--NH2OH-H3PO4 in a CSTR exhibits sustained and damped oscillations, if MnO4- ions are at a stoichiometric ratio or in an excess. The design of this permanganate chemical oscillator is based on the phase diagrams in the [NH2OH]-ko and [H3PO4]-ko planes. An interaction of solvated Mn(IV), ions, which are in equilibrium with (MnO2)col stabilized by the presence of H2PO4- ions, with manganese species mostly in higher oxidation states seems to be the core of our permanganate oscillator with hydoxylamine.

"Determination Of Furfural In An Oscillating Chemical Reaction Using An Analyte Pulse Perturbation Technique"
Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2005 Volume 384, Issue 6 Pages 1438-1443
Jinzhang Gao, Hongxia Dai, Wu Yang, Hua Chen, Dongyu Lv, Jie Ren, Lei Wang

Abstract: A rapid and convenient method for the determination of furfural is presented that is based upon sequential perturbation of the Mn(II)-catalyzed B-Z oscillating system with different amounts of furfural using a continuous-flow stirred tank reactor (CSTR). When the sample was injected, the change in the amplitude and/or period was linearly proportional to the logarithm of the concentration of furfural over the range 3 x 10^-8~1 x 10^-5 mol L-;1. This method gave a detection limit of 3 x 10^-9 mol L-;1 under optimum conditions. Finally, the possible mechanism of furfural perturbation in the oscillating reaction is discussed. When the furfural was injected into the Mn(II)-catalyzed B-Z oscillating system, the change in the amplitude and/or period was linearly proportional to the logarithm of the concentration of furfural over the range 3 x 10^-8~1 x 10^-5 mol L-;1, with a detection limit of 3 x 10^-9 mol L-;1 under optimum conditions.
Furfural