University of North Florida
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Stuart Chalk, Ph.D.
Department of Chemistry
University of North Florida
Phone: 1-904-620-1938
Fax: 1-904-620-3535
Email: schalk@unf.edu
Website: @unf

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Triton X-100

  • IUPAC Name: 2-[4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethanol
  • Molecular Formula: C16H26O2
  • CAS Registry Number: 2315-67-5
  • InChI: InChI=1S/C16H26O2/c1-15(2,3)12-16(4,5)13-6-8-14(9-7-13)18-11-10-17/h6-9,17H,10-12H2,1-5H3
  • InChI Key: JYCQQPHGFMYQCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N

@ ChemSpider@ NIST@ PubChem

Citations 6

"Selective Determination Of Triton-type Non-ionic Surfactants By Online Clean-up And Flow Injection With Spectrophotometric Detection"
Analyst 1990 Volume 115, Issue 5 Pages 609-612
M. Eugenia León-González, M. Jesús Santos-Delgado and Luis M. Polo-Díez

Abstract: An aqueous sample (100 µL) containing Triton-type surfactants was passed through either an ion-exchange column at 0.6 mL min-1 (Amberlite IRA-904 cation exchange or IR-120 anion exchange) to remove interfering ionic surfactants, or an Amberlite XAD-4 adsorption resin followed by elution of I with 1 mL of ethanol. Alizarin fluorine blue was released into the acetate buffer stream (pH 4.5, 1.2 mL min-1) to mix with the column outflow before spectrophotometric determination at 432 nm. Beer's law was obeyed from 0.2 to 12.0 mg L-1 and 2.0 to 120 µg L-1 of such compounds. The method was compared with the picrate batch and picrate flow injection methods.
Ion exchange Spectrophotometry Selectivity Triton X Column Amberlite Interferences Resin Buffer Method comparison Surfactant

"Flow Injection Determination Of Triton X-100 With Online Solid-phase Extraction"
Analyst 1992 Volume 117, Issue 4 Pages 767-771
Charles Moeder, Nelu Grinberg, Holly J. Perpall, Gary Bicker and Patricia Tway

Abstract: Triton X-100 was determined in the presence of a quinoline derivative in a carrier solution comprising 5 mM KH2PO4 (pH 2.0) and isobutanol - 50% acetonitrile (13:7) on a column (25 cm x 4.6 mm) of Partisil 10 SCX with detection at 276 nm. The detection limit was 0.005 mg mL-1 with a coefficient of variation of ~0.2% (n = 8) for 16.73 mg mL-1. A simple and rapid method for the determination of Triton X-100 in the presence of quinoline derivatives is described. The method involves flow injection with online cation-exchange solid-phase extraction The carrier consists of a mixture of 5 mmol L-1 aqueous KH2PO4 (pH 2.0) and 1:1 volume iso-BuOH-MeCN in the proportion 65 + 35, v/v Under these conditions, Triton X-100 elutes unretained, while the quinoline derivatives are retained on the extractor. Authentic samples are analyzed by this method, with good precision and reproducibility.
Ion exchange Spectrophotometry Sample preparation Column Matrix removal Solid phase extraction

"Electrocatalysis And Amperometric Detection Using An Electrode Made Of Copper Oxide And Carbon Paste"
Anal. Chem. 1991 Volume 63, Issue 17 Pages 1714-1719
Youqin Xie and Calvin O. Huber

Abstract: Copper oxide - carbon paste (1:4) electrodes were applied in the amperometric determination of carbohydrates, amino-acids, alcohols and amines in flow systems. With detection at +0.55 V vs. Ag - AgCl in 0.1 M NaOH as supporting electrolyte, calibration graphs were rectilinear over ~2 orders of magnitude for ethanol and ~5 orders of magnitude for the other compounds. Detection limits (tabulated) were 0.1 to 3.2, 0.4 to 4, 2 to 4, 0.2 to 0.3 and 0.2 to 28 ng for carbohydrates, amino-acids, diols, amines and 'other' compounds (ethanol, glycerol and Triton X-100), respectively.
Amperometry Electrode Electrode Apparatus Detector Catalysis Triton X Surfactant

"Drug Substance Manufacture Process Control: Application Of Flow Injection Analysis And HPLC For Monitoring An Enantiospecific Synthesis"
J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 1996 Volume 15, Issue 1 Pages 111-121
K. Chong, T. Loughlin, C. Moeder, H. J. Perpall, R. Thompson, N. Grinberg*, G. B. Smith, M. Bhupathy and G. Bicker

Abstract: FIA and HPLC were used to monitor the synthesis of MK 0679 which involves lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of a prochiral diester intermediate in the presence of Triton X-100 to form the (S)-ester acid. Lipase activity was measured by FIA. Sample (10 µL) was injected into a carrier stream of 5 mM MOPS/5 mM HEPES buffer of pH 7.5 containing 15% Triton X-100 and the diester starting material and the hydrolysis was monitored using a conductivity detector. The RSD was 0.5% and the calibration graphs were linear. To determine Triton X-100 by FIA, sample was introduced into a carrier stream prepared by mixing 5 mM KH2PO4 of pH 2 and butan-2-ol/acetonitrile (1:1) in the ratio 13:7 and online SPE was carried out on a Partisil 10 SCX column (25 cm x 4.6 mm i.d.) with detection at 276 nm. The calibration graph was linear from 5 µg/ml (detection limit) to 6.5 mg/ml. The enantiomeric pu of MK 0679 was determined after derivatization (S)-naphthylethylamine by HPLC on a 5 µm Supelco LC-(R)-Urea column (25 cm x 4.6 mm i.d.) with a 19:1 mixture of 0.3% triethylamine in hexane and propan-2-ol/acetonitrile (1:1) as mobile phase and detection at 278 nm.
Pharmaceutical HPLC Spectrophotometry Process control Triton X Surfactant

"Flow Injection Analysis Of Nonionic Surfactants With Plasticized Poly(vinyl Chloride) Membrane Electrode Detector"
Bunseki Kagaku 1990 Volume 39, Issue 9 Pages 519-522
Masadome, T.;Imato, T.;Ishibashi, N.

Abstract: Sample solution (100 µL) was injected into a water carrier stream and merged with a stream of baseline potential supporting electrolyte solution (solution A; 0.1 M BaCl2 or 0.1 M CaCl2 or 0.1 M NaCl - 10 µM-sodium dodecyl sulfate) at a flow rate of 1.1 mL min-1. The cited electrode, based on a PVC membrane plasticized with 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether, was used as an indicator electrode by responding to the formation of cationic complexes between the metal ion in solution A and non-ionic surfactants in the sample solution. For Triton X-100, the detection limit was lowered when the concentration. of sodium dodecyl sulfate in solution A was increased. Other non-ionic surfactants, e.g., polyoxyethylene glycol mono-p-nonylphenyl ether and polyoxyethylene glycol dodecyl ether were detected.
Electrode Electrode Apparatus Detector Triton X Surfactant

"Pulsed Electrochemical Detection Of H2O2 On Gold Electrode"
Electrochim. Acta 1998 Volume 43, Issue 23 Pages 3467-3473
M. Gerlache, S. Girousia, G. Quarin and J. -M. Kauffmann*

Abstract: The voltammetric oxidation of hydrogen peroxide at a polycrystalline gold electrode, in neutral and alkaline media, shows two oxidation waves. At pH 7.4, one wave occurs at +490 mV and the second one at +870 mV vs Ag/AgCl. The latter appears at the expense of the first one. Formation of the first wave is favored by the presence of an adsorbed layer of hydroxyl-groups on gold but its magnitude is markedly affected by adsorbed interfering species and gold oxide structures. The quantitative analysis of hydrogen peroxide, using the first wave, is possible by preferably applying a pulsed electrochemical cleaning with a detection at +550 mV. In flow injection analysis the response of hydrogen peroxide is linear over a wide concentration. range i.e., 7 µM - 0.1 M with a detection limit of 3 µM. The inhibition of H2O2 oxidation by an interfering species is suitable for the indirect quantitative analysis of species which are readily adsorbed on gold. This is shown in flow injection analysis by recording a stable oxidation current due to hydrogen peroxide in the carrier stream with detection of the inhibition of the signal due to the adsorbed species. Application to a surfactant such as Triton x 100 at concentrations. as low as 0.3 µM is reported.
Electrode Amperometry Interferences