University of North Florida
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Stuart Chalk, Ph.D.
Department of Chemistry
University of North Florida
Phone: 1-904-620-1938
Fax: 1-904-620-3535
Email: schalk@unf.edu
Website: @unf

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Trimethylamine

  • IUPAC Name: N,N-dimethylmethanamine
  • Molecular Formula: C3H9N
  • CAS Registry Number: 75-50-3
  • InChI: InChI=1S/C3H9N/c1-4(2)3/h1-3H3
  • InChI Key: GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

@ ChemSpider@ NIST@ PubChem

Citations 6

"Determination Of Trimethylamine In Fish By Flow Injection Analysis"
Anal. Chim. Acta 1996 Volume 321, Issue 1 Pages 69-74
Saloua Sadok, Roger F. Uglow and Stephen J. Haswell*

Abstract: In the FIA method described for the determination of trimethylamine (I) in fish muscle extracts, a 1 g portion of tissue was homogenized with 3 mL of HClO4. The homogenate was centrifuged at 24 000 g for 30 min at 4°C, and 100 µL portions of the supernatant were injected into a carrier stream (1 ml/min) of aqueous 12% formaldehyde. This stream merged with 0.6 M NaOH (1 ml/min) and the mixture was propelled to a gas diffusion cell (channel dimensions 24 cm x 1.5 mm x 0.2 mm) fitted with a PTFE membrane. The I diffused through the membrane, and was collected in a stream of 0.03% bromothymol blue solution (1 ml/min) and transported to a laboratory-built detector fitted with red light-emitting diodes. A linear calibration graph was obtained for up to 200 µM-I and the detection limit was 6 µM. The RSD (n = 10) for 1.31 µg/g of I in wet tissue was 1.5%. The recoveries of 50 µM-I added to fish extracts were quantitative.
Marine Spectrophotometry Sample preparation Teflon membrane Gas diffusion Light emitting diode

"Chemiluminescence Measurement Of Tertiary Amines Using The Continuous-addition-of-reagent Technique. Determination Of Trimethylamine In Fish Samples"
Anal. Chim. Acta 1997 Volume 356, Issue 1 Pages 51-59
Manuel Cobo, Manuel Silva* and Dolores Pérez-Bendito

Abstract: The continuous-addition-of-reagent technique was used as an effective means for enhancing the performance of energy transfer chemiluminescence-based determinations. For this purpose, the reaction between tertiary aliphatic amines and sodium hypochlorite in alkaline medium containing fluorescein as sensitizer was chosen. The influence of experimental variables such as the addition rate and sodium hypochlorite concentration, pH and fluorescein concentration on the maximum reaction rate was assessed and compared with that observed when using Rhodamine B as sensitizer. The method based on fluorescein exhibited the better analytical features (e.g. calibration graph for trimethylamine was linear over a wide such range as 10^-2500 nmol, with relative standard deviation of 2.6%). The proposed method allows the indirect determination of primary amines (viz. methyl- and ethylamine) and compares favourably with recent alternatives to the determination of trimethylamine in fish tissue (mean recovery 101.0% and standard deviation 2.7). Some aspects on the degradation during storage of fish samples are discussed.
Marine Chemiluminescence

"Coloration Reaction Of A Crowned 2,4-dinitrophenylazophenol - Barium(II) Complex With Amines And Its Application To Flow Injection Spectrophotometry"
Analyst 1989 Volume 114, Issue 4 Pages 501-504
Kenichiro Nakashima, Kazuko Muraki, Shinichi Nakatsuji, Shuzo Akiyama, Takahiro Kaneda and Soichi Misumi

Abstract: The method is based on the deprotonation of the Ba - 16-(2,4-dinitrophenylazo)-3,6,9,12-tetraoxabicyclo[12.3.1]octadeca-1(18),14,16-trien-18-ol complex. To determine trimethylamine (I), sample solution (0.5 to 2.5 ml) is treated with 20 µL of 1 M NaOH, diluted to 3 mL with water and extracted with 3 mL of CHCl3. A 50 µL portion of the extract is injected into a stream of methanol (1 mL min-1) that subsequently merges with a methanolic 0.5 mM solution of the complex for reaction in a 2.25-m PTFE coil at 30°C and detection at 520 nm. The calibration graph is rectilinear up to 3 µg of I injected, and the detection limit is ~0.6 µg. The coefficient of variation (n = 10) for 1.8 and 2.9 µg were 5.1 and 3.1%, respectively. The method has been applied in the determination of volatile amines (as I) in fish: a 2-g sample was homogenized with 5 mL of 7.5% trichloroacetic acid, the mixture was mixed and centrifuged, and a 1 mL portion of the supernatant solution was treated with NaOH, diluted and extracted with CHCl3. The recovery was 79.5%.
Marine Sample preparation Spectrophotometry Complexation

"Flow Injection Procedure For The Determination Of Tertiary Amines In Water And Seawater Using Chemiluminescence Detection"
Analyst 1989 Volume 114, Issue 12 Pages 1659-1661
J. Steven Lancaster, Paul J. Worsfold and A. Lynes

Abstract: Sample was injected into a stream of borate buffer (pH 11.0), which merged first with 1 mM rhodamine B and then with 1.64 mM NaOCl (all at 1 mL min-1); detection of chemiluminescence was by a photomultiplier tube. The calibration graph for triethylamine was rectilinear for 0.2 mM in water and 0.1 mM in seawater. Coefficients of variation were generally 2% (n = 5). The method can also be used to determine trimethyl- and tripropyl-amine. Quenching of the chemiluminescence occurs in the presence of a 10-fold excess of diethylamine or ethylamine.
Environmental Sea Chemiluminescence Buffer Quenching Indirect

"Determination Of Trimethylamine In Fish By Pervaporation And Photometric Detection"
Analyst 1997 Volume 122, Issue 7 Pages 663-666
J. A. García-Garrido and M. D. Luque de Castro

Abstract: Two methods for trimethylamine determination in fish are described. In the first method (method A), the sample was extracted with TCA. The filtered extract was mixed with streams of formaldehyde and NaOH in a continuous-flow manifold before reaching a pervaporation cell kept at 60°C. The analyte evaporated and diffused through a PTFE membrane into a Bromothymol Blue solution of pH 6 and the color change was recorded. In the second method (method B), the sample was mixed with TCA, formaldehyde and NaOH directly in the pervaporation cell. After 5 min at 60°C, the analyte was collected in a Bromothymol Blue solution of pH 6 and the color change was recorded. The calibration graphs were linear for 2-30 mg/l and for 0.1-10 mg/g trimethylamine for methods A and B, respectively; the corresponding detection limits were 1.6 mg/l and 0.08 mg/g. The RSD (n = 11) were 3.5-4.3%. The throughputs were 8 and 2 samples/h for methods A and B, respectively.
Marine Spectrophotometry Detection limit Gas diffusion Pervaporation Teflon membrane Heated reaction

"Direct Determination Of Trimethylamine In Fish In The Flow-reversal Injection Mode Using A Gas Extraction Sampling Device"
Anal. Chem. 1995 Volume 67, Issue 5 Pages 871-877
Zheng-Liang Zhi, Angel Rios, and Miguel Valcarcel

Abstract: Homogenized fish extract was placed in a 20 mL vessel kept at 50°C in a water bath and 5 mL 10 M NaOH was pumped in at 2.5 ml/min in 2 min. A valve was switched to an air flow, and after 30 s the injection valve was operated for 75 s. A carrier solution of pH 7.25 containing 0.05 mM Bromothymol Blue and 1 mM NH4Cl flowed at 0.7 ml/min. The gaseous trimethylamine species released from the sample were passed into the single-channel manifold (diagram given), where the flow direction was repeatedly reversed and the derivatizing reaction in the carrier solution was monitored in situ at 620 nm. The spectrophotometer was located between a programmable pump and the injection valve, which eliminated the need for a debubbler. The calibration graph for trimethylamine was linear from 0.2 (detection limit) to 10 µg/ml (3.4 µM to 0.17 mM) and the RSD was 2.2% (n = 10) at 5 µg/ml. Sample throughput was 10/h. Interference by other amines was mostly masked by formaldehyde. The results for filtrates of homogenized fish samples agreed well with a reference method. A new method for the direct determination of trimethylamine in fish samples is proposed. The method uses a gas extraction sampling device where samples are treated to release gaseous trimethylamine species; the gaseous analyte is then driven to the loop of an injection valve located in a straightforward single-channel manifold, where the flow direction is repeatedly reversed (no debubbler is needed), and the derivatizing reaction in the carrier solution is monitored in situ with a spectrophotometer. A pH indicator (Bromothymol Blue) is used to detect the amine by a gas-liquid (aqueous) dissolution reaction. Trimethylamine can thus be determined over the range from 0.2 to 10 mg mL-1 (3.4 10^-6-1.7 10^-4 M), with a relative standard deviation of 2.2 for 5 mg mL-1 of the analyte. About 10 determinations per hour can be processed in this way. Copyright 1995, American Chemical Society.
Marine Spectrophotometry Sample preparation Flow reversal Interferences Gas stream Debubbler