University of North Florida
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Stuart Chalk, Ph.D.
Department of Chemistry
University of North Florida
Phone: 1-904-620-1938
Fax: 1-904-620-3535
Email: schalk@unf.edu
Website: @unf

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Lanthanum(3+)

  • IUPAC Name: lanthanum(3+)
  • Molecular Formula: La3+
  • InChI: InChI=1S/La/q+3
  • InChI Key: CZMAIROVPAYCMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

@ ChemSpider@ NIST@ PubChem

Citations 7

"Determination Of The Stoichiometry For Complexes By Flow Procedures. Molar Ratio And Asmus Methods"
Analyst 1986 Volume 111, Issue 11 Pages 1317-1320
J. Martinez Calatayud, P. Campíns Falcó and M. C. Pascual Martí

Abstract: Molar-ratio and Asmus methods for the determination of the stoichiometry of complexes were adapted to flow techniques. The procedures were tested for La(III)-Arsenazo I, Fe(II)-1,10-phenanthroline, Th(IV)-Thorin, Th(IV)-Alizarin S and Ce(III)-Arsenazo III. The method proposed is based on the merging of two solutions (metal and reagent), keeping the flow-rate of one of them constant and increasing the other stepwise. The graphs obtained and their theoretical basis are discussed.
Water Spectrophotometry Complexation Gradient technique Stoichiometry

"Determination Of Formation Quotients By A Flow Injection Procedure"
Analyst 1995 Volume 120, Issue 4 Pages 1175-1179
Roger T. Echols and Julian F. Tyson

Abstract: A flow injection (FI) spectrophotometric method is described for determining formation quotients (equilibrium constants) for metal-ligand reactions of 1:1 stoichiometry. Three chemical systems were studied: (i) the reaction of Fe(III) with salicylic acid; (ii) the reaction of Fe(III) with thiocyanate; and (iii) the reaction of La(III) with methyl thymol blue. The absorbance-time data generated were analyzed by two iterative methods (details given). The FI method greatly simplified the experimental procedure for determining formation quotients compared with that of Job's method or the method of continuous variation, and the iterative methods accounted for absorbance by the ligand at the wavelength monitored.
Spectrophotometry Complexation Equilibrium constants Method comparison

"Preconcentration, Separation And Multi-elements Determination In Seawater Using A Cellulose-zinc Hydroxide System With Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry"
Anal. Sci. 1992 Volume 8, Issue 1 Pages 45-50
I. M. M. KENAWY

Abstract: The use of a cellulose-Zn(OH)2 mixture for the determination of traces of Cd(II), Cr(III), Cu(II), Fe(III), Hg(II), La(III), Ni(II), Pd(II), Sn(IV), and vanadate ion in seawater at different pH's was carried out employing the ICP technique. The effects of the concentration. of Zn(II), mass of the cellulose, shaking time, and pH on the pre-concentration were studied. The method is simple and applicable to the trace determination of 10 heavy metals at the ppb level. The effect of alkali and alkaline earth cations on the pre-concentration of the tested metal ions was examined The distribution coefficient Kd is in the range 102.86-106.31 mL/g.
Sea Spectrophotometry Multielement PPB Preconcentration pH Optimization

"Flow Injection Determination And Photochemical Characterization Of Eight Coordinated Chelates Of Heavy Metal Ions. 1. Electrochemical Behavior Of Light Lanthanide Ions In Nonaqueous Solution"
Anal. Sci. Tech. 1994 Volume 7, Issue 3 Pages 361-369
Kang, Sam-Woo;Pak, Chong-Min;Lee,Mi-Do;Song, Myoung-Kyu;Kim, Il-Kwang

Abstract: Voltammetric behavior of some light lanthanide ions(La+, Pr+, Nd+, Sm+ and Eu+) in acetonitrile(AN) and dimethylformamide(DMF) has been investigated by direct current, differential pulse polarography and cyclic voltammetry. The reduction of La+, Pr+ and Nd+ in 0.1 M TEAP proceeded directly to the metallic state through three-electron charge transfer of irreversible process where as Sm+ and Eu+ proceeded by charge transfer of two steps. As the results of the cyclic voltammetric investigation, the first step reduction of Sm+ and Eu+ were a quasireversible reaction, the second step reductions were an irreversible reaction. The cathodic peak currents of the differential pulse polarogram showed adsorptive properties at lower sweep rates and high concentrations of these metal ions. The peak potenital was shifted to a negative petential and the peak current decreased with the increase of percentage of water in AN. On the other hand, the peak potential was shifted to a positive potential and the peak current decreased with an increased percentage of water in DMF.
Voltammetry Polarography Spectrophotometry Organic phase detection

"Flow Injection Spectrophotometry Of Rare-earth Elements With A Porphyrin Reagent"
Lihua Jianyan, Huaxue Fence 1989 Volume 25, Issue 4 Pages 213-214
Tao, Z.;Ji, T.;Liu, S.

Abstract: A 20 µL aliquot of Nd standard or sample solution is transported to the reaction vessel with a carrier stream of 2.5 µg mL-1 of meso-tetrakis-(4-methoxy-3-sulfophenyl)porphine in 6 mM Na acetate (pH 6.5 to 7); the decrease in the reagent absorption peak at 420 nm is measured, with a detection time of 7 s for determination of Nd. Beer's law is obeyed for 0 to 8 ppm of Nd. In determination of Nd or other rare-earth elements (including La3+, Ce3+ and Pr3+), there is little or no interference.
Spectrophotometry Interferences Indirect

"Spectrophotometric Determination Of Lanthanum(III) And Thorium(IV) With Arsenazo B. Batch And Flow Injection Procedures"
Quim. Anal. 1987 Volume 6, Issue 3 Pages 333-342
Martinez Calatayud, J.;Pascual Marti, M.C.;Palau Contell, M.D.;Martinez Cervera, J.E.;Martinez y Palmer, F.V.

Abstract: In the batch procedure, the sample solution is added to 1 mL of arsenazo B [I; 3-(2-arsonophenylazo)-6-(phenylazo)chromotropic acid; 1.63 or 0.83 mM for La or Th, respectively] and 5 mL of buffer solution [K H phthalate - NaOH (pH 5) for La; HCl - KCl (pH 1.3) for Th]. The solution is diluted to 25 mL with water and the absorbance is measured at 650 (La) or 665 nm (Th). In the flow injection procedure, the test solution is simply injected into I solution at the appropriate pH. Beer's law is obeyed for 1.9 and 2.4 ppm of La and Th, respectively, in the batch method and for 2 to 6 and 6 ppm, respectively, in the flow injection method. Many foreign ions interfere (tolerance levels tabulated), but less seriously so in the flow injection method.
Spectrophotometry Interferences Method comparison

"Diode-array Detectors In Flow Injection Analysis. Simultaneous Determination Of Thorium(IV) And Lanthanum(III) With Arsenazo(III) By Multivariate Calibration"
Quim. Anal. 1989 Volume 8, Issue 2 Pages 223-230
Blanco, M.;Coello, J.;Gene, J.;Iturriaga, H.;Maspoch, S.

Abstract: The zero-, first- and second-order derivative spectra were obtained of synthetic mixtures of La(III) and Th(IV) with 3 mM arsenazo III in 1 M acetate buffer (pH 4) over the range 620 to 720 nm. Multivariate calibration was used for resolution of the spectra of the individual metals. Use of the second-derivative spectra gave the best accuracy. The method can be applied over the ranges of 0.5 to 2.5 µg mL-1 of La(III) and 2.8 to 7.0 µg mL-1 of Th(IV). The throughput was 60 samples h-1.
Spectrophotometry Spectroscopy Spectroscopy Buffer pH Multivariate calibration Simultaneous analysis