University of North Florida
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Stuart Chalk, Ph.D.
Department of Chemistry
University of North Florida
Phone: 1-904-620-1938
Fax: 1-904-620-3535
Email: schalk@unf.edu
Website: @unf

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Amines, tertiary

@ ChemSpider@ NIST@ PubChem

Citations 5

"Chemiluminescence Measurement Of Tertiary Amines Using The Continuous-addition-of-reagent Technique. Determination Of Trimethylamine In Fish Samples"
Anal. Chim. Acta 1997 Volume 356, Issue 1 Pages 51-59
Manuel Cobo, Manuel Silva* and Dolores Pérez-Bendito

Abstract: The continuous-addition-of-reagent technique was used as an effective means for enhancing the performance of energy transfer chemiluminescence-based determinations. For this purpose, the reaction between tertiary aliphatic amines and sodium hypochlorite in alkaline medium containing fluorescein as sensitizer was chosen. The influence of experimental variables such as the addition rate and sodium hypochlorite concentration, pH and fluorescein concentration on the maximum reaction rate was assessed and compared with that observed when using Rhodamine B as sensitizer. The method based on fluorescein exhibited the better analytical features (e.g. calibration graph for trimethylamine was linear over a wide such range as 10^-2500 nmol, with relative standard deviation of 2.6%). The proposed method allows the indirect determination of primary amines (viz. methyl- and ethylamine) and compares favourably with recent alternatives to the determination of trimethylamine in fish tissue (mean recovery 101.0% and standard deviation 2.7). Some aspects on the degradation during storage of fish samples are discussed.
Marine Chemiluminescence

"Chemiluminescence Detection Using Regenerable Tris-(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) Immobilized In Nafion"
Anal. Chem. 1992 Volume 64, Issue 3 Pages 261-268
Therese Malcom Downey and Timothy A. Nieman

Abstract: The development of a detection method based on the electrogenerated chemiluminescence of the cited reagent (I), immobilized in a Nafion film coated on an electrode is described. Control of the electrode potential controls creation of the reactive reagent (I) which reacts with certain analytes to yield chemiluminescence intensity which is proportional to the analyte concentration. The sensor was applied to the FIA determination of oxalate, alkylamines and NADH with detection limits of 1 µM, 10 nM and 1 µM, respectively; working ranges extended over four orders of magnitude. Sensitivity was constant over pH 3 to 10 and emission intensities increased with temperature The sensor remained stable for several days with suitable storage condition. The development of a detection method based on the electrogenerated chemiluminescence of tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium( II), (Ru(bpy)3(2+], immobilized in a Nafion film coated on an electrode is discussed. Control of the electrode potential controls creation of the reactive reagent Ru(bpy)3(3+) which reacts with certain analytes to yield chemiluminescence emission of intensity proportional to the analyte concentration. The reaction results in Ru(bpy)3(3+) being converted to Ru(bpy)3(2+), which then is recycled to Ru(bpy)3(3+) again at the electrode. This sensor has been used in flow injection to determine oxalate, alkylamines, and NADH. Detection limits are 1 µM, 10 nM, and 1 µM, respectively, with working ranges extending over 4 decades in concentration. Sensitivity is constant over the wide pH range from 3 to 10. With oxalate, and to a small extent with amines, emission intensities increase with increasing ionic strength; this was shown to be a phenomenon related to the Nafion film and not to the chemiluminescence reaction. Emission intensities increase with temperature. The sensor remains stable for several days with suitable storage conditions. Significant amounts of Ru(bpy)3(3+) are shown to be capable of storage within the film.
Chemiluminescence Sensor Optimization Interferences Ionic strength Immobilized reagent

"Selective Fluorogenic Flow Injection Procedures For Primary, Secondary, And Tertiary Amines In Nonaqueous Media"
Anal. Proc. 1988 Volume 25, Issue 3 Pages 60-61
I. R. C. Whiteside, P. J. Worsfold, A. Lynes, E. H. McKerrell

Abstract: Three different reagent systems were used with an apparatus that included a 1-m reaction coil operated at 45°C and an LS-2 fluorimetric detector (Perkin-Elmer) with a 7 µL flow cell. For primary amines, phthalaldehyde and 2-mercaptoethanol (both 58 mM) in ethyl acetate were used as reagents, with detection at 431 nm (excitation at 340 nm). For secondary amines, the merged stream after reaction with the same reagents was further blended with 28 mM 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzofurazan in ethyl acetate and passed through a second 1-m coil before detection at 525 nm (excitation at 480 nm). Tertiary amines were determined by reaction with 4% malonic acid in acetic anhydride and detection at 441 nm (excitation at 400 nm). Rectilinear ranges were up to 0.8, 1.5 and 2.5 mM and coefficient of variation were 1.0, 1.3 and 2.1% for hexylamine, dihexylamine and triethylamine, respectively, as test analytes.
Fluorescence Heated reaction Review

"Spectrophotometric Detection For Flow Injection Analysis Of Tertiary Alkylamines In Terms Of The Intermolecular Charge-transfer Interaction With Iodine"
Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1991 Volume 64, Issue 8 Pages 2613-2615
Bunji Uno,Kiho Nakajima and Satoshi Kawai

Abstract: Sample of triethylamine (I), tripropylamine (II), or tributylamine (III) in a carrier stream of CH2Cl2 (1 mL min-1) was merged with a 1 mL min-1 stream of a 10 mM solution of I in CH2Cl2 (flow diagram given). The absorbance of the reaction mixture was measured at 290 nm. The detection limit was 1.36 ng for I, 1.63 ng for II and 2.63 ng for III and calibration graphs were rectilinear. The method should be suitable for use as a post-column detector in HPLC analysis.
Spectrophotometry Organic phase detection Optimization

"Detection Of Tertiary Amines With Chemiluminescent Reaction Using Tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(III) Prepared By Online Photochemical Oxidation"
J. High Resolut. Chromatogr. 1998 Volume 21, Issue 5 Pages 315-316
Shigeo Yamazaki *, Tomoki Shinozaki, Takenori Tanimura

Abstract: Reported is a system for the continuous delivery of the tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(III) complex solution using photochem. oxidation and its use in the determination of aliph. tertiary amines by HPLC with a chemiluminescence (CL) detector. The intensity of the CL depends on the pH of the reagent solution, the concentration. of the Ru(II) complex, and the irradn. conditions; optimal conditions are described. The detection limits found were ~50 times lower than the values reported for flow injection analysis The solution of Ru(III) complex reagent, previously prepared by electrochemical oxidation, was produced by a simpler photochemical system.
Chemiluminescence HPLC Complexation Post-column derivatization Photochemistry Optimization