University of North Florida
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Stuart Chalk, Ph.D.
Department of Chemistry
University of North Florida
Phone: 1-904-620-1938
Fax: 1-904-620-3535
Email: schalk@unf.edu
Website: @unf

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Alkalinity

@ ChemSpider@ NIST@ PubChem

Citations 11

"Determination Of Analytical Parameters In Drinking Water By Flow Injection Analysis. 1. Simultaneous Determination Of PH, Alkalinity, And Total Ionic Concentration"
Analyst 1987 Volume 112, Issue 3 Pages 263-266
Francisco Cañete, Angel Ríos, María Dolores Luque de Castro and Miguel Valcárcel

Abstract: The flow system described incorporates two detectors, a glass - calomel micro-electrode located in the sample stream (0.5 mL min-1) for continuous monitoring of pH and a spectrophotometer to monitor acid - base reactions. An injection valve in the sample stream diverts sample through an ion-exchange column of Dowex 50-X8 (H+ form) cationic resin and I is determined by titration of the acids formed against 0.5 mM NaOH with phenolphthalein as indicator. The alkalinity is determined by titration against 50 µM-HCl with methyl red as indicator. A microcomputer is used to collect and process data from both detectors. Results showed good agreement with those of conventional methods.
Water Electrode Electrode Spectrophotometry Method comparison Simultaneous analysis

"Titrimetry In A Continuous-flow System. 4. Determination Of Alkalinity Of Environmental Samples"
Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 1979 Volume 298, Issue 2-3 Pages 155-156
H. F. R. Reijnders, J. J. van Staden and B. Griepink

Abstract: UFL
Environmental Environmental Spectrophotometry Titrations

"Flow Analysis For The Determination Of The Main Components Of Waters, Rain Water And Drinking Water"
Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 1983 Volume 314, Issue 7 Pages 627-633
H. F. R. Reijnders, P. H. A. M. Melis und B. Griepink

Abstract: A survey of the literature concerning flow-through determination of the main components in various types of water is given. These components are: alkalinity, chloride, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, sulphate, ammonium, potassium, lithium, sodium, barium, calcium, magnesium and strontium. Details with regard to e.g. type of water, range of the method, interferences etc. are given in a separate compilation which is available from the editor upon request.
Water Rain Review

"Flow Injection Titration Of Alkalinity In Natural Waters"
Anal. Proc. 1987 Volume 24, Issue 12 Pages 360-362
David R. Turner, Susan Knox, Michael Whitfield, Margarida Correia dos Santos

Abstract: A flow injection manifold for alkalinity measurements is described and illustrated; it consists of a mixing chamber, a capillary glass electrode detector and a reference electrode contacting the main flow stream via a free-diffusion liquid junction. A solution of 50 µM-HCl in 0.1 M NaCl is injected into a seawater carrier solution and potential readings are taken at a frequency of 5 Hz. The precision of the method is generally <1% and 30 samples h-1 can be analyzed.
Sea Electrode Electrode Mixing chamber Review Titrations

"Potentiometric FIA Of Acids And Bases In Nonaqueous Solvents And Its Application To Lubricating Oils"
Bunseki Kagaku 1990 Volume 39, Issue 2 Pages 109-114
Katafuchi, A.;Imato, T.;Yagi, J.;Takahara, K.;Ishibashi, N.

Abstract: Sample (200 µL) was injected into an ethanol stream and merged with 5 mM tetrabutylammonium butyrate - 5 mM butyric acid buffer solution containing 0.1 M LiCl. The change in pH was measured with use of a glass electrode. The method was applied in the determination of organic acids and aliphatic and aromatic amines. Calibration graphs covered the range 0 to 5 mM. The coefficient of variation was 0.5% and the analysis time was 40 samples h-1. The method was also applied in the determination of the alkalinity of lubricating oils.
Oil Potentiometry Electrode Buffer Calibration

"Water Analysis In The UK Using FIAstar"
InFocus 1985 Volume 8, Issue 1 Pages 4-NA
Hemmings, P.;Shaw, A.

Abstract: NA
Water Spectrophotometry Tecator

"Inline Alkalinity Measurement In Lime Milk By A FIA Technique"
Int. Sugar J. 1991 Volume 93, Issue 1115 Pages 238-240
Bengtsson, M.

Abstract: The design and operation of a flow injection analysis system is described. Samples of limed sugar juice were titrated with a pH buffer (0.3 M Tris and 0.3 M glycine), the pH changes having a linear response to alkali addition. The sensitivity of the system is dependent on the buffer concentration. and can be increased or decreased by using a lower or higher concentration, respectively; NaCl was added to maintain constant I. Samples (40 µL) were injected into the flowing buffer solution and monitored using a detector cell with a pH electrode. Results were obtained from a calibration graph prepared from peak height measurements of NaOH standards. Results were compared with those obtained by manual titration.
Juice Electrode Buffer pH Method comparison

"Flow Injection Analysis - A Review Of Experiences In A Water Authority Laboratory"
J. Inst. Water Eng. Scient. 1985 Volume 39, Issue 1 Pages 81-91
Greatorex, T.;Smith, P.B.

Abstract: NA
Water Electrode Spectrophotometry Review

"Automated Determination Of Total Alkalinity In Surface, Ground And Domestic Waters By Single-point Titration And Flow Injection Analysis"
Lab. Pract. 1980 Volume 29, Issue 6 Pages 632-637
Basson, W.D.;Van Staden, J.F.

Abstract: NA
Ground Surface Water Electrochemical analysis Electrode Electrode Buffer Titrations

"Flow Injection Analysis For Determining Total Alkalinity In Surface, Ground And Domestic Water Using The Automated Bromocresol Green Method"
Water SA 1984 Volume 10, Issue 3 Pages 168-174
van Staden JF; van Vliet HR

Abstract: The method (flow scheme given) is a combination of the flow injection and bromocresol green methods. Bromocresol green is used in CaCl2 - K H phthalate buffer medium (pH 4.0) and the absorbance is monitored at 610 nm. The reagent solution is stable for 5 days. The buffer capacity of the flow stream affects the rectilinearity of the results. Optimal results are obtained with sample sizes of 50 µL, and 120 samples can be analyzed hourly. The coefficient of variation is better than 1.40% (n = 14). Reproducibility is >99%.
Ground Surface Water Spectrophotometry

"Flow Injection Analysis Of Substances In Water. 1. Anions. A Critical Review"
Water SA 1987 Volume 13, Issue 4 Pages 197-208
van Staden JF

Abstract: A review is presented, with many references. Possibilities for the determination of SO42-, S2-, Cl-, residual Cl, NO2-, NO3-, silicates, CN- and alkalinity are highlighted.
Environmental Review